15 results on '"Eslick, Guy"'
Search Results
2. Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder during Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Starcevic, Vladan, Eslick, Guy D., Viswasam, Kirupamani, and Berle, David
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- 2020
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Catalog
3. Clinical and Pathologic Factors Associated With Colonic Spirochete (Brachyspira pilosicoli and Brachyspira aalborgi) Infection: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis.
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Eslick, Guy D, Fan, Kening, Nair, Prema M, Burns, Grace L, Hoedt, Emily C, Keely, Simon, and Talley, Nicholas J
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SPIROCHETES , *INFECTION , *PATHOLOGISTS , *MEDICAL personnel , *DIARRHEA - Abstract
Objectives This study aims to determine what pathologic and clinical factors differentiate Brachyspira species that may be useful to clinicians and pathologists. Methods We identified 21 studies of Brachyspira infection with individual patient information (n = 113) and conducted a pooled analysis comparing each species. Results There were differences in the pathologic and clinical profiles of each Brachyspira species. Patients infected with Brachyspira pilosicoli infection were more likely to have diarrhea, fever, HIV, and immunocompromised conditions. Those patients infected with Brachyspira aalborgi were more likely to have lamina propria inflammation. Conclusions Our novel data provide potential insights into the pathogenic mechanism(s) and the specific risk factor profile of Brachyspira species. This may be clinically useful when assessing and managing patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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4. The Effect of Aspirin Use on Incident Hepatocellular Carcinoma—An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Abdelmalak, Jonathan, Tan, Natassia, Con, Danny, Eslick, Guy, Majeed, Ammar, Kemp, William, and Roberts, Stuart K.
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ONLINE information services ,DRUG efficacy ,META-analysis ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,ASPIRIN ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MEDLINE ,HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma ,CHEMOPREVENTION ,PATIENT safety - Abstract
Simple Summary: Aspirin has been observed to reduce the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review pooled together the results of all available published studies and found that aspirin reduces the risk of HCC by around 30%. In patients with cirrhosis, this effect was not seen and, overall, patients treated with aspirin were at a higher risk of bleeding, as expected. Our findings provide compelling observational evidence for the use of aspirin as a potential preventative treatment for patients at risk of HCC, but highlight the need for further study into the optimal patient group that would benefit, and the need to balance against the risk of bleeding. An increasing number of observational studies have described an association between aspirin use and a reduced risk of incident hepatocellular carcinoma. We performed this meta-analysis to provide a comprehensive and updated aggregate assessment of the effect of aspirin on HCC incidence. Two independent authors performed a systematic search of the literature, utilising the Medline, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed databases. A total of 16 studies (12 cohort studies, and 4 case-control studies) were selected for inclusion, with a large number of studies excluded, due to an overlapping study population. The pooled analysis of cohort studies involving a total population of approximately 2.5 million subjects, 822,680 aspirin users, and 20,626 HCC cases demonstrated a 30% reduced risk of HCC associated with aspirin use (adjusted HR 0.70, 95%CI 0.60–0.81). There was a similar but non-significant association observed across the case-control studies (adjusted OR 0.60, 95%CI 0.32–1.15, p = 0.13), which involved a total of 1961 HCC cases. In a subgroup meta-analysis of patients with cirrhosis, the relationship between aspirin use and incident HCC diminished to non-significance (adjusted HR 0.96, 95%CI 0.84–1.09). Aspirin use was associated with a statistically significant increase in bleeding events when all relevant studies were pooled together (adjusted HR 1.11, 95%CI 1.02–1.22). Prospectively collected data should be sought, to define the optimal patient group in which aspirin is safe and effective for the chemoprophylaxis of HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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5. Folate intake and the risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Tio, Martin, Andrici, Juliana, and Eslick, Guy D.
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- 2014
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6. Severe and traumatic injuries associated with home trampoline use in children and adolescents: A systematic review.
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Eslick, Guy D., Nunez, Carlos, and Elliott, Elizabeth J.
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INJURY complications ,HOME environment ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,SEVERITY of illness index ,PLAY ,WOUNDS & injuries ,JUMPING ,CHILDREN ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
The article focuses on trampolining is a popular form of recreation and trampolines that are among the most common gifts to school age children and preadolescents. Topics include examines trampolining poses a significant risk of injury which accounts annually for several pediatric emergency visits in the United States. more...
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- 2023
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7. Gastric Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and Systematic Review
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Eslick, Guy D. and Kalantar, Jamshid S.
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- 2011
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8. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Survival and Surgical Outcomes Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer
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Laurence, Jerome Martin, Tran, Peter Duy, Morarji, Kavita, Eslick, Guy D., Lam, Vincent Wai To, and Sandroussi, Charbel
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- 2011
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9. Detecting Residual/Recurrent Head Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas Using PETor PET/CT: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
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Cheung, Phylannie K. F., Chin, Ronald Y., and Eslick, Guy D.
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Objective. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/computed tomography (CT) for detecting residual and/or recurrent local and regional disease and distant metastases in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) following radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. Data Sources. A systematic review with no language restrictions was conducted using PREMEDLINE, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Review Methods. Only prospective studies with histopathological and/or clinical follow-up that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of PET and PET/CT in detecting residual and/or recurrent disease following radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in patients with HNSCCs were included. Results. Twenty-seven studies were identified. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of PET and PET/CT for detecting residual or recurrent disease at the primary site was 86.2% and 82.3%, respectively. For residual and recurrent neck disease, the sensitivity and specificity were 72.3% and 88.3%, while for distant metastases, the values were 84.6% and 94.9%. Conclusions. PET and PET/CT are highly accurate in detecting residual and/or recurrent HNSCC. PET/CT is more specific than PET alone. Specificity is also greater for scans performed more than 12 weeks after radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. The authors support the use of PET/CT after 12 weeks posttreatment for the assessment of residual or recurrent disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2016
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10. Aluminum Levels in Brain, Serum, and Cerebrospinal Fluid are Higher in Alzheimer's Disease Cases than in Controls: A Series of Meta-Analyses.
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Virk, Sohaib A. and Eslick, Guy D.
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ALZHEIMER'S disease research , *ALUMINUM & the environment , *CEREBROSPINAL fluid , *BLOOD serum analysis , *NEURODEGENERATION , *ALUMINUM , *ALZHEIMER'S disease , *COMPARATIVE studies , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *META-analysis , *RESEARCH , *EVALUATION research ,BRAIN metabolism - Abstract
Background: Aluminum is the most studied environmental agent linked with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unclear whether levels are significantly elevated in AD sufferers.Objective: To systematically assess levels of aluminum in brain, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD cases and controls.Methods: Electronic searches of Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library were conducted up to June 2015. Studies reporting brain, serum, or CSF aluminum levels in individuals with AD and non-demented controls were included. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models and the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) reported with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Overall, 34 studies involving 1,208 participants and 613 AD cases met the criteria for inclusion. Aluminum was measured in brain tissue in 20 studies (n = 386), serum in 12 studies (n = 698), and CSF in 4 studies (n = 124). Compared to control subjects, AD sufferers had significantly higher levels of brain (SMD 0.88; 95% CI, 0.25-1.51), serum (SMD 0.28; 95% CI, 0.03-0.54), and CSF (SMD 0.48; 95% CI, 0.03-0.93) aluminum. Sensitivity analyses excluding studies without age-matched controls did not impact upon these results.Conclusions: The findings of the present meta-analyses demonstrate that aluminum levels are significantly elevated in brain, serum, and CSF of patients with AD. These findings suggest that elevated aluminum levels, particularly in serum, may serve as an early marker of AD and/or play a role in the development of the disease. These results substantially clarify the existing evidence examining the link between chronic aluminum exposure and the development of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2015
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11. Recurrence and functional outcomes of partial adrenalectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Nagaraja, Vinayak, Eslick, Guy D., and Edirimanne, Senarath
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Background Partial adrenalectomy is typically performed for the treatment of hereditary and sporadic bilateral tumours, to reduce the risk of adrenal failure, particularly in younger patients. Partial adrenalectomy proposes a postoperative steroid-free course nevertheless, is associated with the risk of local recurrence. In this study we evaluate the recurrence and functional outcomes of partial adrenalectomy. Methods A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Current Contents Connect, Cochrane library, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Web of Science. The search identified 60 relevant articles reporting on patients who underwent partial adrenalectomy. Data was extracted from each study and used to calculate a pooled event rate and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results The overall recurrence rate was 8% (95% CI: 0.05–0.12) and the 85% (95% CI: 0.78–0.9) of the patients were steroid free. The recurrence rates were the least in the retroperitoneoscopic group 1% (95% CI: 0–0.04) and Conn's syndrome group 2% (95% CI: 0.01–0.05) and highest in open group 15% (95% CI: 0.07–0.28) and Pheochromocytoma group 10% (95% CI: 0.07–0.16). Steroid independence rates were best in the Conn's syndrome group 97% (95% CI: 0.85–0.99) and laparoscopic group 88% (95% CI: 0.75–0.95). Conclusions Partial adrenalectomy can obviate the need for steroid replacement in the majority of patients and local recurrence rates appear to be infrequent. For patients with hereditary and bilateral adrenal tumours, partial adrenalectomy should be recommended as a primary surgical approach whenever possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2015
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12. Duodenal Eosinophils and Mast Cells in Functional Dyspepsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies.
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Shah, Ayesha, Fairlie, Thomas, Brown, Georgia, Jones, Michael P., Eslick, Guy D., Duncanson, Kerith, Thapar, Nikhil, Keely, Simon, Koloski, Natasha, Shahi, Mohit, Walker, Marjorie M., Talley, Nicholas J., and Holtmann, Gerald more...
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This study explored the link between duodenal eosinophils and mast cells in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). MEDLINE (PubMed) and Embase electronic databases were searched until June 2021 for case-control studies reporting duodenal eosinophils and mast cells in FD. Pooled standardized mean difference (SMD), odds ratio, and 95% CIs of duodenal eosinophils and mast cells in FD patients and controls were calculated, using a random-effects model. Twenty-two case-control studies with 1108 FD patients and 893 controls were identified. Duodenal eosinophils (SMD, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.85–1.73; P =.0001) and mast cells (SMD, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.14–3.07; P =.0001) were increased in FD patients compared with controls. Substantial heterogeneity was found (I
2 = 93.61, P =.0001; and I2 = 96.69, P =.0001, respectively) and visual inspection of funnel plots confirmed publication bias. Degranulation of duodenal eosinophils was significantly higher in FD patients compared with controls (odds ratio, 3.78; 95% CI, 6.76–4.48; P =.0001), without statistically significant heterogeneity. We conducted a sensitivity analysis for duodenal eosinophils, by including only high-quality studies, and the results remained unchanged (SMD, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.06–2.40; P =.0001), with substantial heterogeneity. Postinfectious FD patients had increased duodenal eosinophils compared with controls (SMD, 3.91; 95% CI, 1.32–6.51; P =.001) and FD patients without any history of infection (SMD, 1.42; 95% CI, 0.88–1.96; P =.001). Helicobacter pylori –negative FD patients had significantly higher duodenal eosinophils compared with controls (SMD, 3.98; 95% CI, 2.13–5.84; P =.0001), with substantial heterogeneity. No significant difference in duodenal eosinophils was seen according to FD subtypes. This meta-analysis suggests a link between duodenal microinflammation and FD. However, the quality of evidence is very low, largely owing to the unexplained heterogeneity and serious risk of publication bias in all comparative analyses. Thus, causality remains uncertain and further studies are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
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13. A systematic review of paediatric foreign body ingestion: Presentation, complications, and management
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Jayachandra, Shruti and Eslick, Guy D.
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SYSTEMATIC reviews , *FOREIGN bodies , *INGESTION disorders in children , *MEDICAL publishing , *PEDIATRIC therapy , *QUALITATIVE research - Abstract
Abstract: Background: Foreign body ingestion is a common problem among paediatric populations. A variety of foreign bodies are ingested, some of which are particularly harmful and life threatening such as button batteries, magnets and bones. Common household items such as small toys, marbles, batteries and erasers are often ingested. The aim of this systematic review is to study the problem of foreign body ingestion among paediatric populations in terms of commonly ingested objects, and attempt to identify the link between location of impaction, associated symptoms, complications, spontaneous passage, methods and timing of removal. Methods: A literature search of multiple databases including PubMed, Embase, Current Contents Connect and Medline were conducted for studies on foreign body ingestions. Based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies were selected. A qualitative review of these studies was then performed to identify commonly ingested foreign bodies, symptoms, signs and complications of foreign body ingestion, rates of spontaneous passage and methods of retrieval of the ingested objects. Results: Coins are the most commonly ingested foreign body. A variety of gastrointestinal symptoms such vomiting and drooling as well as respiratory symptoms such as coughing and stridor are associated with foreign body ingestion. The oesophagus, in particular the upper third, is the common site of foreign body obstruction. Objects in the stomach and intestine were spontaneously passed more frequently than at any other sites in the gastrointestinal system. Complications such as bowel perforations, infection and death are more commonly associated with ingestion of objects such as batteries and sharp objects such as bones and needles. Ingested objects are most commonly removed by endoscopic means. Conclusion: Foreign body ingestion is a common paediatric problem. Batteries and sharp objects should be removed immediately to avoid complications while others can be observed for spontaneous passage. Endoscopy has a high success rate in removing ingested foreign bodies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
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- 2013
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14. Benefits of fish oil supplementation in hyperlipidemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Eslick, Guy D., Howe, Peter R.C., Smith, Caroline, Priest, Ros, and Bensoussan, Alan
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HYPERLIPIDEMIA , *FISH oils in human nutrition , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *META-analysis , *TRIGLYCERIDES , *PLACEBOS , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials - Abstract
Abstract: Background: Fish oils have been widely reported as a useful supplement to reduce fasting blood triglyceride levels in individuals with hyperlipidemia. We performed an updated meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate all the randomized trials of fish oils in hyperlipidemic subjects. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search using several electronic databases supplemented by manual searches of published reference lists, review articles and conference abstracts. We included all placebo-controlled randomized trials of parallel design that evaluated any of the main blood lipid outcomes: total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol or triglycerides (TG). Data were pooled using DerSimonian–Laird''s random effects model. Results: The final analysis comprised of 47 studies in otherwise untreated subjects showed that taking fish oils (weighted average daily intake of 3.25 g of EPA and/or DHA) produced a clinically significant reduction of TG (−0.34 mmol/L, 95% CI: −0.41 to −0.27), no change in total cholesterol (−0.01 mmol/L, 95% CI: −0.03 to 0.01) and very slight increases in HDL (0.01 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.02) and LDL cholesterol (0.06 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.09). The reduction of TG correlated with both EPA+DHA intake and initial TG level. Conclusion: Fish oil supplementation produces a clinically significant dose-dependent reduction of fasting blood TG but not total, HDL or LDL cholesterol in hyperlipidemic subjects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
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- 2009
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15. Benefits of fish oil supplementation in hyperlipidemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Ros Priest, Guy D. Eslick, Alan Bensoussan, Caroline Smith, Peter R. C. Howe, Eslick, Guy D, Howe, Peter RC, Smith, Caroline, Priest, Ros, and Bensoussan, Alan
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Diet therapy ,Blood lipids ,Hyperlipidemias ,heart disease ,Gastroenterology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fish Oils ,High-density lipoprotein ,systematic review ,Internal medicine ,Hyperlipidemia ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,hyperlipidemia ,Triglycerides ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Triglyceride ,Cholesterol ,business.industry ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Cholesterol, LDL ,medicine.disease ,Fish oil ,Dietary Fats ,Eicosapentaenoic acid ,fish oils ,omega 3 ,meta-analysis ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background: Fish oils have been widely reported as a useful supplement to reduce fasting blood triglyceride levels in individuals with hyperlipidemia. We performed an updated meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate all the randomized trials of fish oils in hyperlipidemic subjects. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search using several electronic databases supplemented by manual searches of published reference lists, review articles and conference abstracts. We included all placebo-controlled randomized trials of parallel design that evaluated any of the main blood lipid outcomes: total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol or triglycerides (TG). Data were pooled using DerSimonian-Laird's random effects model. Results: The final analysis comprised of 47 studies in otherwise untreated subjects showed that taking fish oils (weighted average daily intake of 3.25 g of EPA and/or DHA) produced a clinically significant reduction of TG (- 0.34 mmol/L, 95% CI: - 0.41 to - 0.27), no change in total cholesterol (- 0.01 mmol/L, 95% CI: - 0.03 to 0.01) and very slight increases in HDL (0.01 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.02) and LDL cholesterol (0.06 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.09). The reduction of TG correlated with both EPA + DHA intake and initial TG level. Conclusion: Fish oil supplementation produces a clinically significant dose-dependent reduction of fasting blood TG but not total, HDL or LDL cholesterol in hyperlipidemic subjects Conclusion: Fish oil supplementation produces a clinically significant dose-dependent reduction of fasting blood TG but not total, HDL or LDL cholesterol in hyperlipidemic subjects Refereed/Peer-reviewed more...
- Published
- 2009
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