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During the Neogene, the Betic Strait was one of the gateways that connected the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. In this paper, we have analyzed the ostracod faunas of samples collected from sediments crossed by a long borehole in southwestern Spain. These sediments were deposited in the Betic strait just before the Messinian Salinity Crisis. During the middle Messinian (6.8- 6.0 Ma), the scarce and low diversified ostracod assemblages (Krithe, Parakrithe, Henryhowella) are typical of upper bathyal palaeoenvironments (200-400 m water depth). This period includes a short transition (6.26-6.25 Ma) to outer neritic palaeoenvironments, coinciding with a glaciation and characterized by the presence of Acanthocythereis hystrix (REUSS, 1850) and the disappearance of Krithe and Parakrithe. The most abundant species have a wide biostratigraphic distribution, most of them ranging from the Tortonian until the Holocene., Au Néogène, le Détroit Bétique est l'un des passages entre l'Océan Atlantique et la Mer Méditerranée. Dans cet article, nous analysons les faunes d'ostracodes provenant d'un forage réalisé dans le sudouest de l'Espagne et, plus précisément, situé sur le trajet du détroit. Ce forage a traversé des sédiments déposés au cours de la période immédiatement antérieure à la crise de salinité messinienne. Au cours du Messinien moyen (6,8-6,0 Ma), les associations d'ostracodes, rares et peu diversifiés (Krithe, Parakrithe, Henryhowella), sont typiques de paléo-environnements bathyaux supérieurs (de 200 à 400 m de profondeur). Cette période comprend une courte transition (6,26-6,25 Ma) jusqu'à des paléo-environnements néritiques externes. Elle coïncide avec un épisode de glaciation et l'association est caractérisée par la présence d'Acanthocythereis hystrix (REUSS, 1850) et la disparition des genres Krithe et Parakrithe. Les espèces les plus fréquentes ont une large distribution biostratigraphique, la plupart étant présentes du Tortonien à l'Holocène.

The southwestern Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula presents an important Roman heritage that includes numerous fish-salting workshops, with an industrial activity that went on for almost a millennium (1st century BC-7th century AD). Nevertheless, a future broad research is still necessary to determine the geologic substratum on which they are based, their palaeoenvironmental evolution, their main economic objectives and the byproducts derived from their activities. This paper is focused on the geology, dating and the archaeological record of La Cascajera, a new site located in the Tinto-Odiel estuary (SW Spain). This new cetaria occupied the northwestern end of La Cascajera ridge (Saltés Island), constituted by sandy, bioclastic deposits of previous washover fans (1st-2th centuries AD). During the main period of activity (middle of 4th century AD-5th century AD), the existence of a certain typology of amphorae as well as the documentation of a shell deposit formed mostly by Glycymeris suggest that this factory was oriented to the production of mixed fish sauces and the handling of edible bivalves. The main features of this deposit (texture, paleontology, taphonomy) could be used to differentiate middens from natural shelly ridges La costa suratlántica de la Península Ibérica posee un importante legado romano que incluye numerosos talleres halieúticos, con una actividad que se desarrolló durante casi un milenio (siglo I a.C.-siglo VII d.C.). Sin embargo, se precisan nuevas investigaciones que determinen el contexto geológico en el que se desarrollaron, su evolución paleoambiental, sus principales objetivos económicos y los subproductos derivados de sus actividades. Este trabajo se centra en la geología, datación y registro arqueológico de La Cascajera, un nuevo yacimiento localizado en el estuario de los ríos Tinto y Odiel (S.O. de España). Esta nueva cetaria ocupaba el extremo noroccidental de la cresta de La Cascajera (Isla de Saltés), constituida por depósitos bioclásticos arenosos de abanicos de derrame previos (siglos I-II d.C.). Durante su principal periodo de actividad (mitad del siglo IV d.C.-siglo V d.C.), la existencia de una cierta tipología de ánforas así como la existencia de un conchero formado principalmente por Glycymeris sugieren que esta factoría estaba dedicada a la producción de salsas mixtas de pescado y la extracción de bivalvos comestibles. Las principales características de este conchero (textura, paleontología, tafonomía) podrían ser usadas para diferenciar concheros de acumulaciones naturales de conchas This work has been carried out through the project ´From the Atlantic to the Tyrrhenian. The hispanic ports and their commercial relations with Ostia Antica. DEATLANTIR II - HAR2017-89154-P - (Plan Nacional de I+D+i). Other funds have come from Andalusian Gouvernement (groups HUM-132, RNM-238 and RNM-293). It is a contribution to the Research Center in Historical, Cultural and Natural Heritage (CIPHCN) of the University of Huelva This work has been carried out through the project ́From the Atlantic to the Tyrrhenian. The hispanic ports and their commercial relations with Ostia Antica. DEATLANTIR II - HAR2017-89154-P - (Plan Nacional de I+D+i). Other funds have come from Andalusian Gouvernement (groups HUM-132, RNM-238 and RNM-293). It is a contribution to the Research Center in Historical, Cultural and Natural Heritage (CIPHCN) of the University of Huelva

Este trabajo analiza las evidencias de depredación observadas en la revisión de más de 5.000 valvas y caparazones de ostrácodos extraídos en sedimentos holocenos del Parque Nacional de Doñana (SO de España). Estas evidencias son muy escasas (0,15%), debido en parte a la alta proporción de mudas juveniles. Se pueden distinguir dos tipos de perforaciones (Oichnus paraboloides Bromley y Oichnus simplex Bromely), localizadas preferentemente en las áreas central y anterior de las valvas y atribuidas principalmente al ataque de gasterópodos. Estas perforaciones afectan a los adultos y a las últimas mudas juveniles de especies con ornamentación externa lisa. No se existe correlación estadística entre la abundancia de ostrácodos y el número o porcentaje de valvas depredadas, así como entre el diámetro de las perforaciones y el tamaño de las valvas que las presentan. This paper examines the evidences of predation observed in the study of more than 5,000 ostracod shells extracted from Holocene sediments of the Doñana National Park (SW Spain). These evidences are very rare, partly due to the high proportions of juvenile instars. Two types of evidences are distinguished (Oichnus paraboloides Bromley and Oichnus simplex Bromley), preferentially located in the central and anterior areas of the valves and attributed mainly to gastropods. These holes were found in adults and the last juvenile instars of species with smooth shells. There is not statistical correlation between: a) the abundance of ostracods and the number or percentage of predated shells; and b) the hole diameter and the size of the valves that contain them.

El estudio de un testigo continuo obtenido en el Parque Nacional de Doñana ha permitido esbozar la evolución paleoambiental (marisma, transgresión flandriense, lagoon abierto, canal finalizador, tsunamis) de este sector durante el Holoceno medio. Se presenta una propuesta de fondo geoquímico para el Parque, procedente de sedimentos no contaminados depositados con anterioridad a las primeras actividades arqueometalúrgicas de la zona., The analysis of a continuous core collected in the Doñana National Park permits to drawn the palaeoenvironmental evolution (marsh, Flandrian transgression, open lagoon, ebb-tide channel, tsunamis) of this sector during the Middle Holocene. A geochemical background is proposed, based on unpolluted sediments deposited previously to the first metallurgic activities of this area.

Este trabajo analiza las asociaciones de foraminíferos bentónicos presentes en el tramo medio (145,8-89,3 m de profundidad) del testigo “Huelva”, obtenido en el sector suroccidental de la Depresión del Guadalquivir. Los sedimentos arcillosos que lo componen, de edad Messiniense, se depositaron en un medio epibatial superior o de plataforma externa, con una elevada productividad y un moderado contenido en oxígeno. La correlación estadística significativa entre el número de ejemplares estudiados y el número de especies determinadas plantea algunos interrogantes ante el uso de metodologías uniformes en los estudios de estos microorganismos en testigos continuos., This paper analyzes the benthic foraminiferal assemblages collected in the middle part (145.8-89.3 m depth) of core “Huelva”, obtained in the southwestern sector of the Guadalquivir depression. Clay sediments that compose it, of Messinian age, were deposited on an outer shelf to to epibatyal environment, with high productivity and moderate oxygen contents. The statistical correlation between the number of specimens studied and the number of species raises questions about the use of standard methodologies in the studies of these microorganisms in continuous cores.

El estudio de un testigo continuo obtenido en el Parque Nacional de Doñana ha permitido esbozar la evolución paleoambiental (marisma, transgresión flandriense, lagoon abierto, canal finalizador, tsunamis) de este sector durante el Holoceno medio. Se presenta una propuesta de fondo geoquímico para el Parque, procedente de sedimentos no contaminados depositados con anterioridad a las primeras actividades arqueometalúrgicas de la zona. The analysis of a continuous core collected in the Doñana National Park permits to drawn the palaeoenvironmental evolution (marsh, Flandrian transgression, open lagoon, ebb-tide channel, tsunamis) of this sector during the Middle Holocene. A geochemical background is proposed, based on unpolluted sediments deposited previously to the first metallurgic activities of this area.

Este trabajo analiza las evidencias de depredación observadas en la revisión de más de 5.000 valvas y caparazones de ostrácodos extraídos en sedimentos holocenos del Parque Nacional de Doñana (SO de España). Estas evidencias son muy escasas (0,15%), debido en parte a la alta proporción de mudas juveniles. Se pueden distinguir dos tipos de perforaciones (Oichnus paraboloides Bromley y Oichnus simplex Bromely), localizadas preferentemente en las áreas central y anterior de las valvas y atribuidas principalmente al ataque de gasterópodos. Estas perforaciones afectan a los adultos y a las últimas mudas juveniles de especies con ornamentación externa lisa. No se existe correlación estadística entre la abundancia de ostrácodos y el número o porcentaje de valvas depredadas, así como entre el diámetro de las perforaciones y el tamaño de las valvas que las presentan., This paper examines the evidences of predation observed in the study of more than 5,000 ostracod shells extracted from Holocene sediments of the Doñana National Park (SW Spain). These evidences are very rare, partly due to the high proportions of juvenile instars. Two types of evidences are distinguished (Oichnus paraboloides Bromley and Oichnus simplex Bromley), preferentially located in the central and anterior areas of the valves and attributed mainly to gastropods. These holes were found in adults and the last juvenile instars of species with smooth shells. There is not statistical correlation between: a) the abundance of ostracods and the number or percentage of predated shells; and b) the hole diameter and the size of the valves that contain them.

En este trabajo se describen los primeros datos sobre los Osteictios de la Formación “Arcillas de Gibraleón” (Civis et al., 1987), una de las formaciones neógenas más representativas del SO de la Cuenca del Guadalquivir. Las muestras obtenidas en cuatro secciones de esta formación han permitido reconocer dos tipos de otolitos, pertenecientes a especies del género Diaphus. Formas similares se encuentran actualmente en medios mesopelágicos de latitudes comprendidas entre 43ºN y 27ºS., This paper analyzes the first osteichtyan record of the Gibraleón Clay Formation (Civis et al., 1987), one of the most representative Neogene formations of the southwestern Guadalquivir Basin. Two types of otoliths (genus Diaphus) have been extracted from samples collected in four sections of this formation. Similar specimens are found in recent mesopelagic environments between latitudes 43ºN and 27ºS.

This paper analyzes the first osteichtyan record of the Gibraleón Clay Formation (Civis et al., 1987), one of the most representative Neogene formations of the southwestern Guadalquivir Basin. Two types of otoliths (genus Diaphus) have been extracted from samples collected in four sections of this formation. Similar specimens are found in recent mesopelagic environments between latitudes 43ºN and 27ºS., En este trabajo se describen los primeros datos sobre los Osteictios de la Formación “Arcillas de Gibraleón” (Civis et al., 1987), una de las formaciones neógenas más representativas del SO de la Cuenca del Guadalquivir. Las muestras obtenidas en cuatro secciones de esta formación han permitido reconocer dos tipos de otolitos, pertenecientes a especies del género Diaphus. Formas similares se encuentran actualmente en medios mesopelágicos de latitudes comprendidas entre 43ºN y 27ºS.

A regressive sequence was determined in the late Ho- locene evolution of the southwestern Donana National Park (SW Spain), based on a multidisciplinary study of sediments obtained in a drill core. In an initial phase (> cal. 2400 years BP), a shallow coastal lagoon with a partial marine connection occupied this area, with a pro¬gressive transition from subtidal to supratidal conditions. The following phase (cal. 2400-2350 years BP) is characterized by a tsunami, with the deposition of an upper chenier. This sedimentological layer is character¬ized by a ridge morphology, an erosive base, high bioclastic contents and the introduction of marine species toward the inner areas of this old lagoon. This tsunami may be assimilated to one of the historical tsuna¬mis that occurred between 218 and 209 BC. A comparison with other deposits derived from these high-energy events permits to draw the differential effects produced along the western Iberian coasts., Viene analizzata una sequenza regressiva del tardo Olocene nella parte sudoccidentale del Parco Nazionale di Donana (SO della Spagna), con lo studio multidisciplinare dei sedimenti ottenuti mediante carotaggio. In una fase iniziale (> cal. 2400 anni BP), una laguna costiera poco profonda con parziali connessioni marine occupò quest’area con progressiva transizione da condizioni subtidali a sopra- tidali. La fase successiva (cal. 2400-2350 anni BP) fu caratterizzata da uno tsunami, con la deposizione di una cresta bioclastica (chenier). Questo livello sedimentologico è caratterizzato da una morfologia con creste a base erosiva, un elevato contenuto in bioclasti e l’entrata di specie marine nelle aree interne della vecchia laguna. Questo tsunami può venire riferito ad uno degli tsunami storici che avvennero tra il 218 e il 209 AC. Il confronto con altri depositi dovuti a questi eventi ad elevata energia consente di illustrare i differenti effetti che si produssero lungo le coste iberiche occidentali.

Description of deformational structures in tertiary sediments, which have been interprerted as a result of a fluids migration process, along with the presence of preferential structural directions of fracture planes developed in the substratum. This fracture net could have been recently reactivated, so leading to the development of the described structures

The analysis of the ostracod assemblages collected in the lower glauconitic horizon of the Arcillas de Gibraleon Formation permits to delimitate two levels: a) Basal level, with the presence of infralittoral, outer platform and even bathyal species, indicative of a condensed section with the evolution from subaerial environments to outer platform environments in a 60 cm-thickness interval; and b) Upper level, deposited in a outer platform-upper bathyal environment, according to the glaucony features and the ostracod assemblages

El análisis de los ostrácodos extraídos en dos testigos tomados en el sector sudoccidental del Parque Nacional de Doñana permite deducir su evolución durante el Holoceno Superior. En los últimos 2.400-2.300 años BP se ha producido la transición desde un lagoon, habitado básicamente por Cyprideis torosa (Jones), Loxoconcha elliptica (Brady) y Leptocythere castanea (Sars), hasta la actual laguna de aguas dulces, con numerosos individuos de Cyprinotus salinus (Brady) y Herpetocypris chevreuxi (Sars). En este período, diversos eventos energéticos (¿tormentas, tsunamis?) han quedado reflejados en un aumento en la proporción de adultos de Cyprideis torosa y en los porcentajes de especies marinas., The ostracode analysis of two cores collected in the southwestern area of the Doñana National Park permits to deduce its evolution during the Late Holocene. In the last 2,400-2,300 years BP, there was a transition from a lagoon, inhabited mainly by Cyprideis torosa (Jones), Loxoconcha elliptica (Brady) and Leptocythere castanea (Sars), to the present-day fresh-water pond, with numerous individuals of Cyprinotus salinus (Brady) and Herpetocypris chevreuxi (Sars). In this period, different energetic events (storms?, tsunamis?) have been deduced from both the higher adult proportions of Cyprideis torosa and the introduction of marine species.

El análisis de los ostrácodos extraídos en dos testigos tomados en el sector sudoccidental del Parque Nacional de Doñana permite deducir su evolución durante el Holoceno Superior. En los últimos 2.400-2.300 años BP se ha producido la transición desde un lagoon, habitado básicamente por Cyprideis torosa (Jones), Loxoconcha elliptica (Brady) y Leptocythere castanea (Sars), hasta la actual laguna de aguas dulces, con numerosos individuos de Cyprinotus salinus (Brady) y Herpetocypris chevreuxi (Sars). En este período, diversos eventos energéticos (¿tormentas, tsunamis?) han quedado reflejados en un aumento en la proporción de adultos de Cyprideis torosa y en los porcentajes de especies marinas. The ostracode analysis of two cores collected in the southwestern area of the Doñana National Park permits to deduce its evolution during the Late Holocene. In the last 2,400-2,300 years BP, there was a transition from a lagoon, inhabited mainly by Cyprideis torosa (Jones), Loxoconcha elliptica (Brady) and Leptocythere castanea (Sars), to the present-day fresh-water pond, with numerous individuals of Cyprinotus salinus (Brady) and Herpetocypris chevreuxi (Sars). In this period, different energetic events (storms?, tsunamis?) have been deduced from both the higher adult proportions of Cyprideis torosa and the introduction of marine species.

This work analyzes the populations of Ammonia tepida (Foraminifera) In the southwestern Spanish estuaries with the application of the Poisson's distribution. Although the general model is unsatisfactory for a possible prediction, a partial analysis of the variables included Indicates an increasing abundance from the salt marsh to the subtidal channels and a higher number of individuals in those samples subjected to very euryhallne conditions. The grain size variations do not affect significantly to this species. Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica Junta de Andalucía Universidad de Huelva

Description of deformational structures in tertiary sediments, which have been interprerted as a result of a fluids migration process, along with the presence of preferential structural directions of fracture planes developed in the substratum. This fracture net could have been recently reactivated, so leading to the development of the described structures

The analysis of the ostracod assemblages collected in the lower glauconitic horizon of the Arcillas de Gibraleon Formation permits to delimitate two levels: a) Basal level, with the presence of infralittoral, outer platform and even bathyal species, indicative of a condensed section with the evolution from subaerial environments to outer platform environments in a 60 cm-thickness interval; and b) Upper level, deposited in a outer platform-upper bathyal environment, according to the glaucony features and the ostracod assemblages

The taphonomic analysis of the Osteichthyes and Condrichthyes of the Arenas de Huelva Formation permits to delimitate three parts into this Neogene unit: a) basal, glauconitic layer, with numerous teeths and caudal stings well preserved of the carchariniforms, lamniforms and skates that lived in a open marine environment; b) intermediate layer with several rich-shell horizons due to storms, with scarce eroded otholithes and teeths; and c) upper layer, without any remain of these groups because of the high dissolution level

An approach to the geochemical characteristics of the tortonian glaucony horizon cropping out along the northern margin of the Guadalquivir Basin is done in this note. The study of glauconite as well as t he host whole rock allows us to identify the glauconite origin discrimintating between its autochthonous or allochthonous provenance. Results suggest an autochtonous and evolved glauconite derived from a condensed section according to Amorosi (1995) criteria

An approach to the geochemical characteristics of the tortonian glaucony horizon cropping out along the northern margin of the Guadalquivir Basin is done in this note. The study of glauconite as well as t he host whole rock allows us to identify the glauconite origin discrimintating between its autochthonous or allochthonous provenance. Results suggest an autochtonous and evolved glauconite derived from a condensed section according to Amorosi (1995) criteria

This work analyzes the populations of Ammonia tepida (Foraminifera) In the southwestern Spanish estuaries with the application of the Poisson's distribution. Although the general model is unsatisfactory for a possible prediction, a partial analysis of the variables included Indicates an increasing abundance from the salt marsh to the subtidal channels and a higher number of individuals in those samples subjected to very euryhallne conditions. The grain size variations do not affect significantly to this species

This paper analyzes the evidence for predation on ostracods observed in Neogene sediments of southwestern Spain. Eighty bored valves were extracted from the analysis of more than 2000 specimens collected in shallow marine to upper bathyal palaeoen- vironments. Bored specimens are more abundant in Neogene shallow marine areas, although very high percentages can be obtained in deeper sediments with very low ostracod densities. Two main types of bore¬holes can be distinguished, being concentrated mainly in the central areas of the valves, and drilled mainly by the gastropods: a) Oichnus paraboloides Bromley, with more of 70% of the total boreholes; and b) Oichnus simplex Bromley. Borehole diameter shows a positive but no significant correlation with the dimensions of the predated valves. Or¬namentation seems to be secondary in the predatory selection., In questo articolo vengono analizzate le evidenze di predazione su ostracodi in sedimenti neogenici del sudovest della Spa¬gna. Analizzando oltre 2000 esemplari di ostracodi provenienti da sedi¬menti deposti in ambienti da infralitorale a batiale superiore, sono state individuate 80 valve con perforazioni. Gli esemplari perforati proven¬gono in maggioranza da sedimenti marini neogenici di bassa profondità, sebbene percentuali elevate sono state ottenute in sedimenti più profon¬di, dove la densità di ostracodi è però molto bassa. Vi sono due tipi principali di perforazioni dovute soprattutto all’attività di gasteropodi: Esse sono concentrate nell’area centrale delle valve e vengono riferite a Oichnus paraboloides Bromley, con più del 70% del totale dei fori e a Oichnus simplex Bromley. Il diametro delle perforazioni indica una correlazione positiva, ma non particolarmente accentuata, con la dimen¬sione delle valve predate. Il tipo di ornamentazione sembra invece avere un’importanza secondaria nella selezione per la predazione.