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Port integration (PI) can eradicate homogeneity and disorderly competition, realize the green intensive development of port cities, and is a crucial step in enhancing port competitiveness. This paper builds an assessment framework for green development efficiency (GDE) that takes social welfare, environmental regulation, economic growth into account, and uses the Super-SBM model to calculate the GDE based on panel data from 113 Chinese port cities from 2003 to 2020. Furthermore, the influence of PI on the GDE of port cities and its transmission mechanism is assessed using the PSM-DID model. The results show that the GDE of port cities has a fluctuating upward trend, but the overall level is low, and the social development index (SDI) can effectively improve the efficiency level. PI can significantly improve the urban GDE, and various robust results show that the above conclusions are credible. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that PI contributes more to the GDE of inland port cities than it does to coastal port cities. The GDE of the small-medium sized cities can be greatly enhanced by PI, and the results are better when the "Government driven + market decided" pattern is used. PI encourages technology innovation, which can enhance the urban GDE. Finally, some policy recommendations are made to encourage the excellent development of Chinese port cities. • Proposes a new evaluation system of GDE, including economic growth, environmental regulation and social welfare. • Studies the impact of PI on the GDE of port-cities. • Demonstrates that PI can stimulate the GDE of cities, and its effects grow with time. • Finds that the success of port integration varies per geographical region, integration mode and the size of the city. • Establishes that technological innovation (tech) plays an intermediary role between PI and GDE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessing the sustainability development efficiency of port cities is an essential step toward improving their management. However, current research on this topic is limited, which makes it difficult for policymakers and urban planners to make informed decisions. To address this issue, we focused on 10 port cities in China as the subjects of our research. This was achieved using input indicators such as quay length, number of berths, labor population, and energy consumption, and output indicators such as cargo throughput, container throughput, smoke dust (DUS) emissions, sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions, the average annual concentration of respirable fine particulate matter (PM2.5), wastewater (WW) emissions, and GDP. The sustainability efficiency of 10 port cities is assessed over the period 2018-2021. This was achieved using the super-efficient SBM model and the Malmquist Index Model. We were able to accurately determine the levels of sustainability of the 10 port cities, and 7 were found efficient while 3 were found inefficient. The sustainability of the inefficient port cities is mainly affected by the number of berths, quay length, container throughput, DUS and SO2 emissions, cargo throughput, water waste emissions, and GDP growth. Between 2018 and 2021, the annual mean total factor efficiency of Chinese port cities is less than 1, indicating a lagging situation that needs to be improved by optimizing port operations management and organization. The outcomes of our study can provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in port cities worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of the multi-scale evaluation of port city's international trade goal is conducive to the sustainable development of port city's international trade. In order to make a more in-depth study on the realization ability of port city's international trade sustainable development goal, this paper proposes a new multi-scale evaluation method of port city's international trade goal. This method selects the evaluation indexes, uses the improved normalization method to process the indexes, uses the combination of AHP and factor analysis method to form the subjective and objective combination weighting method, brings the processed indexes into the least square optimization combination evaluation model, calculates the index weight, and uses the fuzzy evaluation method to carry out multi-scale index evaluation on the international trade of port cities to realize its multi-scale evaluation and analysis. The results show that the standardized index of Shanghai's foreign trade dependence is 0.0056, indicating its independence in international trade. In the comprehensive evaluation, the evaluation values of Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangzhou are 92.56, 87.89, and 88.45, respectively, which are very close to the actual results, which shows that the accuracy of the evaluation method is high, and provides a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of international trade in port cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ports and cities are intrinsically linked. Port city, which serves as a link between the local and global economy, is an integration of both urban and port systems. Constrained by different regional structures, port cities have developed various formulations over time. Using a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach, this paper proposes a new method for measuring the sustainable development of different port city systems. While the previous empirical studies often separate the port system and the urban system, this paper assesses the two systems in an integrated way. Moreover, this paper develops a systematic methodology for measurement of sustainability. Twenty world-leading container port cities are selected for this study using contemporary data. The DEA results display their relative differences in levels of sustainable development, which reveal the effectiveness of the prevailing policies in them. Eventually, recommendations are drawn for other port cities by referring to the best practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Port city, which serves as a link between the local economy and the global economy, is an interaction of both urban and port systems, giving rise to its complex and dynamic nature. While the development of a port city is an aspect that requires continual research and monitoring, the current literature addressing the issue of sustainable development in port cities is rather limited. In addition, empirical studies often analyse the port system and the urban system separately, with little research attempting to integrate the two systems. This paper aims to narrow the gap by adopting the systems theory to develop a systems framework for sustainable development of port city, and in particular illustrating its application in the case study of Singapore. The three aspects of sustainability for the port system, city system and port-city policies are discussed. The analysis shows that the positive relationships between the port and the city in Singapore far outweigh the negative relationships. Singapore could continue developing its port, to maximise the positive relationships economically and socially, while minimising the negative relationships environmentally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Port cities are historically important breeding places of civilization and wealth, and act as attractive high-quality and sustainable places to live and work. They are core places for sustainable development for the entire spatial system as a result of their dynamism, which has in recent years reinforced their position as magnets in a spatial-economic force field. To understand and exploit this potential, the present study presents an analytical framework that links the opportunities provided by traditional port areas/cities to creative, resilient and sustainable urban development. Using evidence-based research, findings are presented from a case study by employing a stakeholder-based model--with interactive visual support tools as novel analysis methods--in a backcasting and forecasting exercise for sustainable development. The empirical study is carried out in and around the NDSM-area, a former dockyard in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Various future images were used--in an interactive assessment incorporating classes of important stakeholders--as strategic vehicles to identify important policy challenges, and to evaluate options for converting historical-cultural urban port landscapes into sustainable and creative hotspots, starting by reusing, recovering, and regenerating such areas. This approach helps to identify successful policy strategies, and to bring together different forms of expertise in order to resolve conflicts between the interests (or values) of a multiplicity of stakeholders, with a view to stimulating economic vitality in combination with meeting social needs and ensuring the conservation of eco-systems in redesigning old port areas. The results indicate that the interactive policy support tools developed for the case study are fit for purpose, and are instrumental in designing sustainable urban port areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: With the rapid development of foreign trade throughout the world, port cities play a great important role in foreign trade. Therefore, speeding up its development and reconstruction is imperative, and developing port economy to revitalize the economy of the port city and its subordinate area is of particular importance. This paper illustrates the problem of speeding up the development and reconstruction of port in coastal cities in aspects of market demand and seeking strategic cooperative partners, port competitiveness, port passing capacity, port and logistics, ecology priority principle, enhancing the ideological progress and port enterprises, and city revival upon port. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The aim of this study was to examine the issue of waste collection from passenger ships in tourist port cities using the example of Świnoujście, Poland. This is an important issue from the perspective of sustainable development, including that of tourism, because an improperly organized waste collection process may endanger the natural environment and disrupt the life of the local community. After the analysis of the types of waste generated on vessels, the means of transport used for their collection were identified with particular regard to those used at the seaport in Świnoujście, a tourist city. The selected waste quantities collected from ships in 2017–2019 were quantitatively analyzed. In addition, the number of waste collections was analyzed in the context of the number of vehicles involved in this process. The latter element is important in terms of impact on the port city's transport system, which has a spa and tourist function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, with the development of society, the awareness of environmental protection for people has been increasing. While ports promote the economic development and employment levels of port cities, they also have a negative impact on the environment of port cities. The sustainability of port cities is increasingly valued. Port cities face huge challenges, and their sustainability needs to be better understood. The purpose of this article is to review research on the sustainability of port cities. We used content analysis to classify and analyze the existing relevant literature, to learn about the hotspots and deficiencies of past research, and to propose future research directions. We found that port sustainability has become an increasingly important research topic during the past ten years. From the perspective of geographic research areas, European port cities are the hot spots for sustainability research. Regarding research fields, technologies, methods and measures to promote the sustainability of port cities are popular research topics. In terms of research methods, qualitative research plays an important role in the study of port city sustainability. Finally, guidance for future research on port city sustainability is proposed according to the review results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As world seaborne trade continues to grow, especially in view of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), there is a mounting demand for a sustainable balance among the economic, social, and environmental performance of the port cities involved. This study aims to first conduct a review of existing sustainability frameworks; second, conduct a stakeholder analysis for port city sustainable development. The case studies of two major port cities in China—Guangzhou and Shenzhen, are conducted. According to the findings, a structured framework with main categories of economic, social and environmental indicators would be recommended for port cities. Dealing with diversified stakeholders and their interests is a major challenge for policy makers to overcome but opportunities do co-exist. Policy makers of Guangzhou and Shenzhen have made progress in balancing economic, social, and environmental interests in recent years. This study has taken a step forward in the research area, with a view to provide reference to stakeholders and governments in progressing towards sustainable development in port cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]