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Natural products extracted from plants with excellent dyeing properties are widely explored due to greener and sustainable dyeing methods. The current study is concerned with applying natural dye extracted from dewberry fruit by using T. chebula (black acacia) and A.mearnsii (myrobalan) as a source of bio-mordant. The results proved that dewberry fruit extract could be an excellent natural dye source for the coloration of tencel and other cellulosic textiles. Using bio-mordants like T.chebula and A.mearnsii has improved the color properties, producing vibrant shades of color with high color strength. The color fastness ratings tested by ISO standards showed improvement after using bio-mordant. Additionally, using the AATCC 100–1999 (The American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorist) test methodology, the bio-mordanted tencel samples showed excellent bacterial reduction against S.aureus and E.coli bacteria. Hence, it is concluded that the dye extracted from dewberry fruit has huge potential to impart color on tencel fabric, producing vibrant shades of color and making the dyeing process greener and sustainable using bio-mordants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The utilization of waste plant residues in useful work particularly as the source of green dyes in textiles is now a days welcoming by global community. In this study, brown bollygum chips (Litsea glutinosa) called tallow laurel has been explored for silk dyeing using ecofriendly approaches. Extraction has been done in suitable medium and utilized onto fabric before and after microwave (MW) treatment up to 10 min. Response surface methodology was employed to observe the significant of selected dyeing parameters at which shade development with improved colorfastness was observed. It was found that 2 min radiation to both acidic extract of tallow laureal and silk fabric is the useful condition to get colorfast shade when employed before and after mordanting with iron salt and tannic acid solution as eco‐chemical agent, whereas with walnut bark and pine nut hulls extract as eco bio agents. The highest color strength value of 4.58 was observed using tannic acid as postchemical mordant for silk dyeing. The standard methods for fastness as per ISO to light, washing, and rubbing reveal that using selected shades made under ecofriendly cost time and energy effective conditions, stable colorfast hues were rated good with the value of 4/5. Therefore, it is recommended that MW treatment in addition with statistical approach i.e., central composite design used for exploring new dye yielding plant, then using eco‐mordanting technique will help in getting promising colorfast shades.

The utilization of waste plant residues in useful work particularly as the source of green dyes in textiles is now a days welcoming by global community. In this study, brown bollygum chips (Litsea glutinosa) called tallow laurel has been explored for silk dyeing using ecofriendly approaches. Extraction has been done in suitable medium and utilized onto fabric before and after microwave (MW) treatment up to 10 min. Response surface methodology was employed to observe the significant of selected dyeing parameters at which shade development with improved colorfastness was observed. It was found that 2 min radiation to both acidic extract of tallow laureal and silk fabric is the useful condition to get colorfast shade when employed before and after mordanting with iron salt and tannic acid solution as eco‐chemical agent, whereas with walnut bark and pine nut hulls extract as eco bio agents. The highest color strength value of 4.58 was observed using tannic acid as postchemical mordant for silk dyeing. The standard methods for fastness as per ISO to light, washing, and rubbing reveal that using selected shades made under ecofriendly cost time and energy effective conditions, stable colorfast hues were rated good with the value of 4/5. Therefore, it is recommended that MW treatment in addition with statistical approach i.e., central composite design used for exploring new dye yielding plant, then using eco‐mordanting technique will help in getting promising colorfast shades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for natural dyes is increasing due to the negative environmental impacts of synthetic color. In fact, customers are becoming more concerned about their health and the environmentally friendly products. The aim of this research is to disclose the dye extraction process using the ultrasonic method and eco‐friendly dyeing of organic cotton knitted fabric. Initially, 10 g of Syzyguim cumini leaf powder was dissolved in 150 mL of purified water maintaining a 1 : 15 M : L ratio to extract the color. After that, the extracted dye solution was added to coloration bath following the M : L ratios of 1 : 16, 1 : 12, and 1 : 8 for producing dark, medium, and light shades, respectively. Post mordanting was done using natural lemon juice for colorfastness improvement. The color attributes were revealed by the spectrophotometric analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to comprehend the successful relationship that exists among SCL dyes and organic cotton fibers, and the TGA analysis confirmed that dyed fabric is more stable than undyed fabric. Moreover, the colored sample's pH, formaldehyde level, and presence of forbidden Azo groups (aromatic amines) were examined. The test results revealed that very good to excellent color fastness properties were obtained and no harmful chemicals were detected in the dyed samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the increasing pressure on environmentally friendly approaches and sustainable production processes, the textile dyeing industry has focused on natural colorants. Thus, the use of bio-mordants, which are biological materials, has become widespread as an alternative to metal salts, most of which are non-ecological, used in the application processes of natural colorants. In natural dyeing, dyers want to use mordant substances in the dyeing processes in order to both expand the color spectrum and improve the fastness properties. Conventional metal salts used in natural dyeing are made up of metallic ions, which, when released into the environment as wastewater effluent at the end of the dyeing process, cause major damage to the ecosystem. Many researchers have thought about using mordants derived from natural sources to address the environmental problem. This article is a review of the investigation of natural mordants used instead of metallic mordants in the process of coloring various textile materials with natural dyestuff sources. It has been determined that many substances, most of them herbal materials, are used as mordants. In this review, mordants, except for conventional metal salts, are examined under three main groups for a better understanding. These groups are as follows: (i) natural or bio-mordants, (ii) oil mordants, and (iii) new-generation and non-vegetable-based mordants. Here, researchers will find an overview of the most recent developments in green mordants as well as application techniques for a variety of mordants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Anatolian acorn (Quercus ithaburensis Decne) is a promising resource for a variety of industries in Turkey and the world. It has the potential to serve as a bio-mordant, natural dye for textiles and leather, providing an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic dyes and reducing dependence on chemicals and petrochemicals. The commercial viability of the acorn and its export potential make it a valuable resource for supporting regional trade and boosting the local economy, with the potential to create new job opportunities. In addition, the acorn has a unique colour range, fastness, and antimicrobial properties, making it a desirable choice for manufacturers looking for a sustainable alternative. Overall, the Anatolian acorn holds great potential as a natural dye and a valuable resource for supporting regional trade and sustainability goals. The development and commercializatio

Environmental issues are rising day by day in the global community due to the cumulative effects of hazardous effluent load and due to the introduction of biological active natural products into all aspects of life. In this study, the waste tea-leaves-based tannin natural dye has been extracted under the influence of microwave treatment and employed onto bio-mordanted wool fabric. For extraction of dye, microwave (MW) irradiation up to 6 min has been employed and for improvement in color strength, bio-mordants in comparison with chemicals mordants. It has been found that acidic extract of tea leaves after MW treatment for 6 min has given excellent color depth (K/S) on MW treated wool at 80°C. Using bio-mordants, it has been found that 4% of acacia extract, 1% of pomegranate extract and 5% of turmeric extract as pre bio-mordant, whereas 5% of acacia and 2% of pomegranate and turmeric as post bio-mordants have given excellent color strength, whereas in comparison, ferrous sulfate (2%) has given excellent results. It has been concluded that microwave treatment as an environmentally sustainable tool has not only improved the color strength of tannins dye onto wool fabric but also with the addition of bio-mordants has made the process more sustainable.

Environmental issues are rising day by day in the global community due to the cumulative effects of hazardous effluent load and due to the introduction of biological active natural products into all aspects of life. In this study, the waste tea-leaves-based tannin natural dye has been extracted under the influence of microwave treatment and employed onto bio-mordanted wool fabric. For extraction of dye, microwave (MW) irradiation up to 6 min has been employed and for improvement in color strength, bio-mordants in comparison with chemicals mordants. It has been found that acidic extract of tea leaves after MW treatment for 6 min has given excellent color depth (K/ S) on MW treated wool at 80°C. Using bio-mordants, it has been found that 4% of acacia extract, 1% of pomegranate extract and 5% of turmeric extract as pre bio-mordant, whereas 5% of acacia and 2% of pomegranate and turmeric as post bio-mordants have given excellent color strength, whereas in comparison, ferrous sulfate (2%) has given excellent results. It has been concluded that microwave treatment as an environmentally sustainable tool has not only improved the color strength of tannins dye onto wool fabric but also with the addition of bio-mordants has made the process more sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the global community is appreciating green technologies in the application of green products in textiles. The aim of the current study is to use a sustainable heating technique for the isolation of colorant from plant sources and to use eco-friendly anchors to improve the fastness of dyed fabrics with new shades. The current study used microwave radiation to isolate natural colorants from saffron (Crocus sativus) and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) petals for polyamide (nylon) fabric dyeing. For this purpose, acidic extract and fabric were exposed to MW treatment for up to 6 min and employed at various conditions. To make the dyeing process sustainable, bio-mordants have been employed and compared with synthetic mordants. It has been found that 6 min is the optimal radiation time for the isolation of colorant to get good results onto irradiated polyamide (nylon) fabric when employed at 65 °C for 45 min containing 1 g/100 mL of table salt for saffron and 3 g/100 mL of table salt for safflower dyeing. For improving color strength and giving an acceptable rating of fastness, 7% of turmeric as a pre-bio mordant and 7% pomegranate as a post-mordant has given high results using saffron extract. Similarly, with safflower extract, 5% of turmeric as a pre-mordant and 5% of turmeric extracts as a post-mordant have given high results as compared to chemical mordants used. It is concluded that microwave treatment has a high potential for investigating the coloring efficacy of crocin-containing saffron petals and safflower petals as carthamin as a yellow natural dye for bio-mordanted polyamide fabrics. It is recommended that such tools for the isolation of colorant from new dye-producing plants should be used, whereas green mordants should be used to develop new colorfast shades to make process more green and sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to an increase in awareness of harmful aspects of synthetic dyes among the global community, the demand of natural dyes in textile sector has been dramatically increased. The current study has been conducted to explore new eco-friendly source of natural brown colorant from arjun bark for textile. Both bark powder and silk fabrics were microwave irradiated for 1–6 min. Dyeing was performed at different variables onto irradiated and un-irradiated silk using extracts obtained from irradiated and un-irradiated powder. To make the dyeing process more sustainable, two chemical and bio-mordants were employed at optimal conditions. The results show that acidified methanolic extract from irradiated powder (RP, 8g) has given high color strength if irradiated silk (RSi) is dyed for 65 min. at 65°C using dye bath of 1 pH in presence of 7% of Na2SO4 as exhausting agent. Good shades and improved fastness characteristics have been obtained by employing 1% of Fe (iron sulfate) and Al (aluminum sulfate) as Chemical and 1% of turmeric and pomegranate extracts as bio-mordants. Hence, microwave radiation has not only explored the coloring efficacy of arjun bark as potential source of natural brown dye but also made its applicability under sustainable conditions.

Due to an increase in awareness of harmful aspects of synthetic dyes among the global community, the demand of natural dyes in textile sector has been dramatically increased. The current study has been conducted to explore new eco-friendly source of natural brown colorant from arjun bark for textile. Both bark powder and silk fabrics were microwave irradiated for 1–6 min. Dyeing was performed at different variables onto irradiated and un-irradiated silk using extracts obtained from irradiated and un-irradiated powder. To make the dyeing process more sustainable, two chemical and bio-mordants were employed at optimal conditions. The results show that acidified methanolic extract from irradiated powder (RP, 8g) has given high color strength if irradiated silk (RSi) is dyed for 65 min. at 65°C using dye bath of 1 pH in presence of 7% of Na2SO4 as exhausting agent. Good shades and improved fastness characteristics have been obtained by employing 1% of Fe (iron sulfate) and Al (aluminum sulfate) as Chemical and 1% of turmeric and pomegranate extracts as bio-mordants. Hence, microwave radiation has not only explored the coloring efficacy of arjun bark as potential source of natural brown dye but also made its applicability under sustainable conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Application of bio-dyes, especially plant-based, is becoming increasingly popular in many industries such as textiles, food and pharmaceuticals. This trend could be explained by the ecological and durable nature of these compounds. The current paper aimed to investigate the microwave-assisted isolation of Alkannin dye from Alkanna tinctoria followed by the dyeing of bio-mordanted silk. For the purpose, acid solubilized, water solubilized, and acid-methanol solubilized extracts were obtained. Both respective extracts and silk fabrics were microwave irradiated for 2, 4 and 6 min. To ensure a green and clean dyeing process, bio-mordants were used. It is observed that acid solubilized extract applied at 55 °C for 55 min having 7 g/100 mL of NaCl salt as the exhausting agent has given extraordinary higher color strength (K/S) onto Microwave treatment (MW) treated silk fabric. Colorfastness tests using ISO-recommended requirements found that bio-mordants outperformed chemical mordants in terms of color depth and fastness. According to this study, it was proven that MW improved the dyeing performance of Alkannin in an acid-solubilized medium, where as in addition to the application of bio-mordants in comparison with sustainable chemical mordants have improved color characteristics of silk fabric dyed with Alkanna tinctoria extract. [Display omitted] • The microwave-assisted extraction of Alkannin dye was investigated. • Bio-mordanting were used as a replace of metal mordant. • Bio-dyeing of silk shown excellent fastness properties. • Alkanna tinctoria based Alkannin dye can be an alternative of synthetic dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]