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Unusual increases in population around the world have prompted issues with energy supply, environmental changes, and waste management, all of which demand for advancements in waste-to-energy systems. With the increasing anxiety for worldwide environmental change, a renewable, effective and sustainable power generation from wastewater is imperious. Although plants and human life can benefit from exposure to CO 2 , excessive CO 2 can have a negative impact on your health. More harmful consequences on the ecosystem may potentially emerge from an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The current review is coordinated towards assessing the ability of microbial carbon capture cells (MCC) for concurrent carbon sequestration and energy generation during wastewater treatment. This review article presents a technique of microbial CO 2 fixation, metabolic pathways and role of genetically modified micro-organisms for CO 2 capture and sequestration. The function of MCC including its possible applications is affected by various factors, which are outlined. The potential utilization of micro-organisms in energy generation and wastewater treatment when consolidated in a MCC has been discussed. This review summarizes the approaches including recent advances, challenges and perspectives that employ microbes to capture and sequester CO 2 , bioconversion of CO 2 to energy generation. [Display omitted] • MCC shows high potential for concurrent wastewater treatment, carbon sequestration, and power generation. • Design parameters and operational conditions of MCC have been addressed. • Role of genetic engineering in CO 2 fixation and transformation metabolic pathway in microalgae were discussed. • Future perspectives towards the application of MCC in bioelectrochemical system for large-scale production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this comprehensive study, highlights emerging environmentally friendly methods to eliminating hazardous heavy metals from contaminated water, with an emphasis on bioremediation and biosorption. Breakthroughs, such as the combination of biological remediation and nanotechnology to improve the elimination of metals effectiveness and the use of genetically modified microbes for targeted pollutant breakdown. Developing biosorption materials made from agricultural waste and biochar, this indicates interesting areas for future research and emphasizes the necessity of sustainable practices in tackling heavy metal contamination in water systems. There seems to be a surge in enthusiasm for the utilization of biological remediation and biosorption methods as sustainable and viable options for eliminating heavy metals from contaminated water in the past couple of decades. The present review intends to offer an in-depth review of the latest understanding and advances in the discipline of biological remediation methods like bioaccumulation, biofiltration, bio-slurping, and bio-venting. Biosorption is specifically explained and includes waste biomass as biosorbent with the removal mechanisms and the hindrances caused in the process are detailed. Advances in biosorption like microbes as biosorbents and the mechanism involved in it. Additionally, novel enhancement techniques like immobilization, genetic modification, and ultrasound-assisted treatment in microbial sorbent are clarified. However, the review extended with analyzing the future advances in the overall biological methods and consequences of heavy metal pollution. [Display omitted] • Biological techniques for the effective removal of heavy metal ions were discussed. • Various biosorbents sources, mechanism and influencing parameters were summarized. • Microbes surface qualities are modified using genetic modifications are reviewed. • Future and advanced views on biological adsorption techniques were elucidated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many methods have been proposed for the remediation of dye-contaminated soils, a widespread form of environment pollution. Bioremediation, it is hoped, can combine ecological benefits with efficiency of dye decontamination. We review the types and sources of dye contaminants; their possible effects on plant, animal, and human health; and emerging strategies for microbial bioremediation. Challenges, limitations, recommendations for future research, and prospects for large-scale commercialization of microbial bioremediation are discussed. [Display omitted] • Dye contamination of soils is an environmental problem in many countries. • Bioremediation may provide a sustainable approach to treatment of dye pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The depletion of energy resources and environmental concerns have sped up the development of sustainable energy by combining renewable resources. The biofuel sector has given agricultural and algal biomass key attention. A variety of valuable components in biomass can be converted using different conversion procedures into platform fuels. The valorisation of economically and environmentally sustainable biomass waste could be very advantageous in terms of efficiency, economics, and environmental considerations. The current review emphasizes the energy demand, sustainability, and the multitude of biomass feedstocks in biofuel production. The techno-economic insights of the biomass to biofuel conversion strategies were also been assessed distinctively. The importance of physical and chemical pre-treatment techniques has been highlighted for enhanced conversion efficiency. The pre-treatment methods increase biofuel production by 10–30%. Fermentation, anaerobic digestion, and transesterification have been the key areas of concern as it relates to biochemical conversion into a variety of biofuels. The percentage efficiency for biofuel production by biochemical conversion ranges between 90 and 95%. In addition, the challenges faced, environmental applications, and limitations were also been deliberated in the aspects of future directions. [Display omitted] • Potential usage of agricultural waste and algal biomass as sustainable feedstock was reviewed. • Physical and chemical pretreatment of biomass has been emphasized in the review. • Novel aspects in biochemical conversion of residual biomass is described for enhanced biofuel production. • Techno-economic aspect in waste conversion to biofuel has also been deliberated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Sources and environmental impacts of arsenic in different locations were elucidated. • Mechanism of electro-deionization i.e., electro-dialysis/ion-exchange was explored. • Various applications of electrodeionization for water treatment were addressed. • Recent advances in electrodeionization process were explored. • Improved efficacy and low energy makes electrodeionization better for arsenic removal. Removal of arsenic from wastewater has been crucial in recent days because of its high persistence and bioaccumulation causing serious health and environmental issues, listed in highly toxic pollutants. The review will cover broad perspectives of the electrodeionization (EDI) technique as a sustainable approach towards the wastewater detoxification by eliminating toxic arsenic. The electrodeionization employs hybrid electrodialysis/ion exchange method to eliminate arsenic ions from water before reusing processed water. The process utilizes anion/cation exchange resins that are persistently regenerated by an electric current, which significantly reduces the ions in water. Here, we will discuss module configuration, performance optimization and an overview of the EDI process and discuss the mechanism of ion separation. The applications and recent advances with respect to the removal/recovery of toxic arsenic using EDI to produce pure water are discussed. The future perspectives and sustainability aspects of EDI process for arsenic and other hazardous pollutant removal are critically evaluated with its potential applications. According to findings of this study, electrodeionization has the highest ion removal capacity of around 99 % when performed under low voltage range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil contamination is perhaps the most hazardous issue all over the world; these emerging pollutants ought to be treated to confirm the safety of our living environment. Fast industrialization and anthropogenic exercises have resulted in different ecological contamination and caused serious dangerous health effects to humans and animals. Agro wastes are exceptionally directed because of their high biodegradability. Effluents from the agro-industry are a possibly high environmental risk that requires suitable, low-cost, and extensive treatment. Soil treatment using a bioremediation method is considered an eco-accommodating and reasonable strategy for removing toxic pollutants from agricultural fields. The present review was led to survey bioremediation treatability of agro soil by microbes, decide functional consequences for microbial performance and assess potential systems to diminish over potentials. The presence of hazardous pollutants in agricultural soil and sources, and toxic health effects on humans has been addressed in this review. The present review emphasizes an outline of bioremediation for the effective removal of toxic contaminants in the agro field. In addition, factors influencing recent advancements in the bioremediation process have been discussed. The review further highlights the roles and mechanisms of micro-organisms in the bioremediation of agricultural fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increased use of personal care products and detergents in modern society has raised concerns about their potential adverse effects on the environment. These products contain various chemical compounds that can persist in water bodies, leading to water pollution and ecological disturbances. Bioremediation has emerged as a promising approach to address these challenges, utilizing the natural capabilities of microorganisms to degrade or remove these contaminants. This review examines the current strategies employed in the bioremediation of personal care products and detergents, with a specific focus on their sustainability and environmental impact. This bioremediation is essential for environmental rejuvenation, as it uses living organisms to detergents and other daily used products. Its distinctiveness stems from sustainable, nature-centric ways that provide eco-friendly solutions for pollution eradication and nurturing a healthy planet, all while avoiding copying. Explores the use of microbial consortia, enzyme-based treatments, and novel biotechnological approaches in the context of environmental remediation. Additionally, the ecological implications and long-term sustainability of these strategies are assessed. Understanding the strengths and limitations of these bioremediation techniques is essential for developing effective and environmentally friendly solutions to mitigate the impact of personal care products and detergents on ecosystems. [Display omitted] • Bioremediation is an eco-friendly and sustainable approach to address environmental pollution. • Bioremediation techniques for degrading personal care products are subject to in-depth analysis. • Sustainability aspects of bioremediation are reviewed. • Insights on Life cycle assessment (LCA) studies were focussed. • Key challenges faced in implementing bioremediation strategies were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In consideration of the world's energy issues and environmental concerns, the search for sustainable energy sources has taken on a crucial role. Although bioenergy, which is made from organic materials, presents a promising alternative, there are many obstacles preventing its widespread acceptance, such as ineffective conversion procedures, resource shortages, and environmental effects. Sustainable energy with advanced technology and also economically feasible can be achieved through a combination of nanoparticles and enzyme immobilization techniques. Nano-materials can be designed according to our needs which make them a better choice for many applications. The physio-chemical properties of nanoparticles are unique with increased surface/volume ratio. The methods of synthesis are top-down (physical), bottom-up (chemical) and biological methods. Break-through technology with which challenges faced by increasing demands of the current and future needs can be fulfilled. Binding/encapsulation of enzymes to nanoparticles enhances the efficiency of enzymes as nano-biocatalyst and also has the advantage of reusability of enzymes which in-turn reduces the overall cost, avoids enzyme deactivation by inhibitors produced during the process. The energy crisis can be resolved by the above technology by using the nano-biocatalyst in biofuel production to overcome the limitations of conventional biocatalysts. By carrying out more research in-depth for designing nano-biocatalyst that provides stabilization for biofuel industries alternate sustainable production can be achieved. [Display omitted] • Nanomaterials are responsible for enhancing the production of various types of biofuels. • Physical and chemical approaches for the synthesis of nanomaterials are summarized. • Impacts and applications of Metal oxide NPs, Carbon NPs, MOFs were studied. • Immobilization of enzymes on nano biomaterials and its conjugates were discussed. • Production of bioethanol and biohydrogen from nano-biocatalysts were reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Release of pollutants due to inflating anthropogenic activities has a conspicuous effect on the environment. As water is uniquely vulnerable to pollution, water pollution control has received a considerable attention among the most critical environmental challenges. Diverse sources such as heavy metals, dyes, pathogenic and organic compounds lead to deterioration in water quality. Demand for the pollutant free water has created a greater concern in water treatment technologies. The pollutants can be mitigated through physical, chemical and biological methodologies thereby alleviating the health and environmental effects caused. Diverse technologies for wastewater treatment with an accentuation on pre-treatment of feedstock and post treatment are concisely summed up. Pollutants present in the water can be removed by processes some of which include filtration, reverse osmosis, degasification, sedimentation, flocculation, precipitation and adsorption. Membrane separation and adsorption methodologies utilized to control water pollution and are found to be more effective than conventional methods and established recovery processes. This audit relatively features different methodologies that show remarkable power of eliminating pollutants from wastewater. This review describes recent research development on wastewater treatment and its respective benefits/applications in field scale were discussed. Finally, the difficulties in the enhancement of treatment methodologies for pragmatic commercial application are recognized and the future viewpoints are introduced. [Display omitted] • Effects of water pollution are highlighted. • Major toxic pollutants and their sources and effects have been discussed. • The various pollution control technologies have been explained. • Membrane separation and adsorption processes have been highlighted. • The research gap in the treatment methods are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]