9 results on '"Iannetta, Pietro P. M."'
Search Results
2. Recent progress and potential future directions to enhance biological nitrogen fixation in faba bean (Vicia faba L.).
- Author
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Jithesh, Tamanna, James, Euan K., Iannetta, Pietro P. M., Howard, Becky, Dickin, Edward, and Monaghan, James M.
- Subjects
FAVA bean ,NITROGEN fixation ,CROP management ,SUSTAINABILITY ,CROPPING systems ,LEGUMES - Abstract
The necessity for sustainable agricultural practices has propelled a renewed interest in legumes such as faba bean (Vicia faba L.) as agents to help deliver increased diversity to cropped systems and provide an organic source of nitrogen (N). However, the increased cultivation of faba beans has proven recalcitrant worldwide as a result of low yields. So, it is hoped that increased and more stable yields would improve the commercial success of the crop and so the likelihood of cultivation. Enhancing biological N fixation (BNF) in faba beans holds promise not only to enhance and stabilize yields but also to increase residual N available to subsequent cereal crops grown on the same field. In this review, we cover recent progress in enhancing BNF in faba beans. Specifically, rhizobial inoculation and the optimization of fertilizer input and cropping systems have received the greatest attention in the literature. We also suggest directions for future research on the subject. In the short term, modification of crop management practices such as fertilizer and biochar input may offer the benefits of enhanced BNF. In the long term, natural variation in rhizobial strains and faba bean genotypes can be harnessed. Strategies must be optimized on a local scale to realize the greatest benefits. Future research must measure the most useful parameters and consider the economic cost of strategies alongside the advantages of enhanced BNF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Healthier and Sustainable Food Systems: Integrating Underutilised Crops in a ‘Theory of Change Approach’
- Author
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Pinto, Elisabete, Ferreira, Helena, Santos, Carla S., da Silva, Marta Nunes, Styles, David, Migliorini, Paola, Ntatsi, Georgia, Karkanis, Anestis, Brémaud, Marie-Fleur, de Mey, Yann, Meuwissen, Miranda, Petrusan, Janos-Istvan, Smetana, Sergiy, Silva, Beatriz, Krenz, Lina Maja Marie, Pleissner, Daniel, Profeta, Adriano, Debeljak, Marko, Ivanovska, Aneta, Balázs, Bálint, Rubiales, Diego, Hawes, Cathy, Iannetta, Pietro P. M., Vasconcelos, Marta W., and Galanakis, Charis M.
- Subjects
Underutilised crops ,nutrion ,Bedrijfseconomie ,WASS ,sustainability ,Sustainability ,Business Economics ,Value chains ,Life Science ,underutilised crops ,Biology ,value chains ,Nutrition - Abstract
Increasingly, consumers are paying attention to healthier food diets, “healthy” food attributes (such as “freshness”, “naturalness” and “nutritional value”), and the overall sustainability of production and processing methods. Other significant trends include a growing demand for regional and locally produced/supplied and less processed food. To meet these demands, food production and processing need to evolve to preserve the raw material and natural food properties while ensuring such sustenance is healthy, tasty, and sustainable. In parallel, it is necessary to understand the influence of consumers’ practices in maintaining the beneficial food attributes from purchasing to consumption. The whole supply chain must be resilient, fair, diverse, transparent, and economically balanced to make different food systems sustainable. This chapter focuses on the role of dynamic value chains using biodiverse, underutilised crops to improve food system resilience and deliver foods with good nutritional and health properties while ensuring low environmental impacts, and resilient ecosystem functions.
- Published
- 2022
4. Policy interventions promoting sustainable food- and feed-systems: a Delphi study of legume production and consumption
- Author
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Balazs, Balint, Kelemen, Eszter, Centofanti, Tiziana, Vasconcelos, Marta W., Iannetta, Pietro P. M., and Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa
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Natural resource economics ,Geography, Planning and Development ,TJ807-830 ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,TD194-195 ,01 natural sciences ,Renewable energy sources ,12. Responsible consumption ,Sustainable agriculture ,Production (economics) ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,GE1-350 ,European union ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,2. Zero hunger ,Consumption (economics) ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,15. Life on land ,Policy analysis ,Legumes ,Environmental sciences ,Agriculture ,Sustainability ,Sustainable food systems ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Business ,Cropping - Abstract
The food- and feed-value systems in the European Union are not protein self-sufficient. Despite the potential of legume-supported production systems to reduce the externalities caused by current cultivation practices (excessive use of N fertilizer) and improve the sustainability of the arable cropping systems and the quality of human diets, sufficient production of high-protein legume grains in Europe has not been achieved due to multiple barriers. Identifying the barriers to the production and consumption of legumes is the first step in realizing new pathways towards more sustainable food systems of which legumes are integral part. In this study, we engage stakeholders and decision-makers in a structured communication process, the Delphi method, to identify policy interventions leveraging barriers that hinder the production and consumption of legumes in the EU. This study is one of a kind and uses a systematic method to reach a common understanding of the policy incoherencies across sectors. Through this method we identify policy interventions that may promote the production of legumes and the creation of legume-based products in the EU. Policies that encourage reduced use of inorganic N fertilizer represent an important step toward a shift in the increased cultivation of legumes. Relatedly, investment in R&, D, extension services, and knowledge transfer is necessary to support a smooth transition from the heavy use of synthetic N fertilizer in conventional agriculture. These policy interventions are discussed within current EU and national plant-protein strategies.
- Published
- 2021
5. Which Agronomic Practices Increase the Yield and Quality of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)? A Systematic Review Protocol
- Author
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Ntatsi Georgia, Karkanis Anestis, Tran Fanny, Savvas Dimitrios, and Iannetta Pietro P. M.
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nutrition ,agronomy ,food security ,legume ,biological nitrogen fixation ,protein ,sustainability - Abstract
The common bean (Phaseolous vulgarisL.) is a grain legume functionally characterized by its capacity for symbiotic of biological nitrogen fixation. As such, it does not demand the application of synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer and can offer environmental benefits as part of holistic cropping systems. While common bean commodities are highly nutritious, commercial cultivation of this crop is declining in already-industrialized countries. However, recent interest of consumers towards diets that benefit environmental and personal health has rekindled commercial interest in legumes, including the common bean. The aim of this protocol is to identify agronomic practices that are capable of increasing the yield and quality of the common bean for use as food. To address this research question, published literature will be screened for inclusion on the basis of defined eligibility criteria to ensure data sources are selected in an objective and consistent manner. Consistency checks will be carried out for the title, abstract and full texts of the literature collated. The output is expected to be a summary of the knowledge available to maximize the productivity and quality of the common bean as food. This anticipated synthesis will be of utility for a wide range of value-chain stakeholders from farmers and consumers, to research scientists and policy makers.
- Published
- 2020
6. Utilization of Low Nitrogen Barley for Production of Distilling Quality Malt.
- Author
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Black, Kirsty, Daute, Martina, Tziboula-Clarke, Athina, White, Philip J., Iannetta, Pietro P. M., and Walker, Graeme
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NITROGEN fertilizers ,ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis ,MALTING ,NITROGEN ,FERMENTATION - Abstract
The potential to utilize low nitrogen barley for production of distilling quality malt was studied. This presents an opportunity to reduce the environmental impact of nitrogen fertilizer applications. Malting barley (cv. Octavia) was grown without the application of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, to produce grain with a relatively low nitrogen concentration (1.16%, dry weight basis). Following micro-malting trials, dextrinizing units (58 DU) obtained from low nitrogen malt were much higher than a typical specification of 45 DU for malt with a conventional nitrogen concentration (<1.5%). A higher soluble nitrogen ratio (SNR) or index of modification (IoM) of 49 indicated greater modification of the low nitrogen barley, resulting in higher extract released into the wort. Additionally, much lower levels of β-glucan were found in low nitrogen malt wort (64 mg/L compared with over 100 mg/L in wort of conventional nitrogen malt). Low nitrogen malt also produced higher predicted spirit yields following wort fermentation and wash distillation. These findings indicate that lower nitrogen concentration barley can be processed without negatively impacting malt quality for distilling applications. The implication of these findings to help realize more environmentally sustainable production of barley for malting and use in distilling is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Which Agronomic Practices Increase the Yield and Quality of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)? A Systematic Review Protocol.
- Author
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Ntatsi, Georgia, Karkanis, Anestis, Tran, Fanny, Savvas, Dimitrios, and Iannetta, Pietro P. M.
- Subjects
COMMON bean ,NITROGEN fixation ,NITROGEN fertilizers ,META-analysis ,SYNTHETIC fertilizers ,CROPPING systems - Abstract
The common bean (Phaseolous vulgaris L.) is a grain legume functionally characterized by its capacity for symbiotic of biological nitrogen fixation. As such, it does not demand the application of synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer and can offer environmental benefits as part of holistic cropping systems. While common bean commodities are highly nutritious, commercial cultivation of this crop is declining in already-industrialized countries. However, recent interest of consumers towards diets that benefit environmental and personal health has rekindled commercial interest in legumes, including the common bean. The aim of this protocol is to identify agronomic practices that are capable of increasing the yield and quality of the common bean for use as food. To address this research question, published literature will be screened for inclusion on the basis of defined eligibility criteria to ensure data sources are selected in an objective and consistent manner. Consistency checks will be carried out for the title, abstract and full texts of the literature collated. The output is expected to be a summary of the knowledge available to maximize the productivity and quality of the common bean as food. This anticipated synthesis will be of utility for a wide range of value-chain stakeholders from farmers and consumers, to research scientists and policy makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Whole-Systems Analysis of Environmental and Economic Sustainability in Arable Cropping Systems: A Case Study.
- Author
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Hawes, Cathy, Young, Mark W., Banks, Gillian, Begg, Graham S., Christie, Andrew, Iannetta, Pietro P. M., Karley, Alison J., and Squire, Geoffrey R.
- Subjects
CROPPING systems ,SUSTAINABILITY ,SUSTAINABLE development ,HUMUS ,CROP rotation ,INTERCROPPING ,POTATO growing - Abstract
The long-term sustainability of crop production depends on the complex network of interactions and trade-offs between biotic, abiotic and economic components of agroecosystems. An integrated arable management system was designed to maintain yields, whilst enhancing biodiversity and minimising environmental impact. Management interventions included conservation tillage and organic matter incorporation for soil biophysical health, reduced crop protection inputs and integrated pest management strategies for enhanced biodiversity and ecosystem functions, and intercropping, cover cropping and under-sowing to achieve more sustainable nutrient management. This system was compared directly with standard commercial practice in a split-field experimental design over a six-year crop rotation. The effect of the cropping treatment was assessed according to the responses of a suite of indicators, which were used to parameterise a qualitative multi-attribute model. Scenarios were run to test whether the integrated cropping system achieved greater levels of overall sustainability relative to standard commercial practice. Overall sustainability was rated high for both integrated and conventional management of bean, barley and wheat crops. Winter oilseed crops scored medium for both cropping systems and potatoes scored very low under standard management but achieved a medium level of sustainability with integrated management. In general, high scores for environmental sustainability in integrated cropping systems were offset by low scores for economic sustainability relative to standard commercial practice. This case study demonstrates the value of a 'whole cropping systems' approach using qualitative multi-attribute modelling for the assessment of existing cropping systems and for predicting the likely impact of new management interventions on arable sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Back to the future: Using ancient Bere barley landraces for a sustainable future.
- Author
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Martin, Peter, Russell, Joanne, Wishart, John, Brown, Lawrie K., Wallace, Michael, Iannetta, Pietro P. M., and George, Timothy S.
- Abstract
Societal Impact Statement Summary Bere is an ancient barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) that was once widely grown in northern Britain, where its ability to grow on poor soils and under challenging climatic conditions made it a valuable staple. By the end of the 20th century, Bere had largely been replaced by higher‐yielding modern varieties and only survived in cultivation on a few Scottish islands. This article reviews the recent revival of Bere, driven by its use in high‐value food and drink products and multidisciplinary research into its genetics, valuable sustainability traits and potential for developing resilient barley varieties.In Britain, modern cereal varieties have mostly replaced landraces. A remarkable exception occurs on several Scottish islands where Bere, an ancient 6‐row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), is grown as a monocrop or in mixtures. In the Outer Hebrides, the mixture is grown for animal feed, and cultivating it with traditional practices is integral to the conservation of Machair, an important coastal dune ecosystem. In Orkney, Bere is grown as a monocrop, and in situ conservation has recently been strengthened by improved agronomy and new markets for grain to produce unique foods and beverages from beremeal (flour) and malt. In parallel, a recently assembled collection of British and North European barley landraces has allowed the genotypic and phenotypic characterisation of Bere and several associated multidisciplinary studies. Genotyping demonstrated Bere's unique identity compared with most other barleys in the collection, indicating an earlier introduction to Scotland than the Norse settlement (c. 9th century AD) suggested previously. Valuable traits found in some Bere accessions include disease resistance, an early heading date (reflecting a short period from sowing to harvest), the ability to grow on marginal, high pH soils deficient in manganese and tolerance to salinity stress. These traits would have been important in the past for grain production under the region's challenging soil and Atlantic‐maritime climatic conditions. We discuss these results within the context of Bere as a genetic, heritage and commercial resource and as a future source of sustainability traits for barley improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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