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Topical dexamethasone associated with hyaluronic acid in cochlear implant surgery demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the preservation of low-frequency thresholds when compared with topical dexamethasone alone and a control group. Topical dexamethasone alone was not superior in hearing preservation when compared to the control group.To compare the effects of topical dexamethasone alone and associated with hyaluronic acid intraoperatively in hearing preservation in cochlear implantation.Eighteen severely to profoundly hearing-impaired adult patients with measurable hearing were divided into three groups preoperatively: cochlear implantation as a control group (group 1), cochlear implantation using topical dexamethasone intraoperatively (group 2), and cochlear implantation using topical dexamethasone associated with hyaluronic acid intraoperatively (group 3). Preimplant and postimplant low-frequency pure-tone averages (PTAs) were calculated from unaided audiograms at 125, 250, and 500 Hz.The mean changes in the low-frequency PTA comparing postoperative against preoperative thresholds were 28.03 ± 6.77 dB in group 1, 30 ± 14.53 dB in group 2, and 7.23 ± 6.12 dB in group 3. There was statistical difference when comparing group 3 with groups 1 and 2 using one-way ANOVA (p = 0.002) followed by Scheffé post hoc test.

The productive work between otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons has resulted in the emergence of endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. The goal of the present study is to describe the endoscopic anatomy of the endonasal approach to the sellar region and planum sphenoidale, highlighting the key points of the surgical approach and the neurovascular landmarks. METHOD: Descriptive study of the endoscopic endonasal dissection of 9 fresh cadavers with exposure of the anatomic structures. RESULTS: The endoscopic endonasal ethmoidectomy and sphenoidotomy allows an expanded access to the sellar area and planum sphenoidale. The surface anatomy of the sphenoid sinus is easily identifiable and provides safe landmarks, guiding the intracranial dissection. CONCLUSION: The endoscopic endonasal approach to the skull base by the ENT and neurosurgeon is feasible, but it requires adequate anatomical knowledge and endoscopic skills for its realization, which can be obtained by practicing in cadavers. O trabalho cooperativo entre otorrinolaringologistas e neurocirurgiões resultou no aprimoramento das técnicas cirúrgicas e no surgimento da cirurgia endoscópica endonasal da base do crânio. O estudo tem como objetivo descrever a anatomia endoscópica do acesso endonasal da região selar e plano esfenoidal, destacando os pontos fundamentais do acesso cirúrgico e referências neuro-vasculares. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo da dissecção endoscópica endonasal de 9 cadáveres frescos com exposição das estruturas anatômicas. RESULTADOS: A etmoidectomia e esfenoidotomia endonasal endoscópica permite um acesso estendido à região selar e plano esfenoidal. A anatomia de superfície do seio esfenoidal é facilmente identificada e fornece pontos de referência seguros, guiando a dissecção intracraniana. CONCLUSÃO: O acesso endoscópico endonasal para a base do crânio pelo otorrinolaringologista e neurocirurgião é perfeitamente viável, mas para isso o conhecimento anatômico da região e de seus pontos de referência é essencial, o que pode ser obtido pelo treinamento em cadáveres.

We describe a practical technique of superior turbinectomy followed by posterior ethmoidectomy as a less invasive procedure for two-surgeon technique on endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. After identification of the superior turbinate and the sphenoid ostium, the inferior third portion of the superior turbinate was coagulated and resected. This partial superior turbinectomy procedure exposed the posterior ethmoidal sinus. Resection of the bony walls between the sphenoid and posterior ethmoid sinuses provided more lateral and superior exposure of the sphenoid sinus. This technique was performed in 56 patients with midline skull base lesions, including 49 pituitary adenomas and 7 other lesions. Meticulous manipulation of instruments was performed in all cases without surgical complications such as permanent hyposmia/anosmia or nasal bleeding. Our findings suggested that the partial superior turbinectomy followed by retrograde posterior ethmoidectomy is a simple and safe technique providing a sufficient surgical corridor for two-surgeon technique to approaching midline skull base regions, mainly involving pituitary adenomas.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate Auditory Steady-State Responses (ASSR) at high intensities in pediatric cochlear implant candidates and to compare the results to behavioral test responses.Method: This prospective study evaluated 54 children with severe-to-profound hearing loss, aged from 3 to 72 months, between January and December 2011. All had absent ABR and OAE responses. ASSR were evoked using binaural single frequency stimuli at 110 dBHL with a 10 dB-down seeking procedure. ASSR and behavioral test results were compared.Results: Forty-two subjects completed both ASSR and behavioral evaluation. In 13 children behavioral tests were not available, 1 had inconclusive ASSR. Among 42 children with absent ABR and OAE, 11 (26.1%) had bilateral ASSR, 10 correlated well to behavioral results. Four (9.5%) showed unilateral responses in at least 2 frequencies, all confirmed by behavioral results. Among 27 subjects with absent ASSR, 8 had no behavioral responses; 12 had responses only in low freq...

Senior Associate Professor of Otorhinolaryngology - Medical School of the University of Sao Paulo.Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (HC-FMUSP).Send correspondence to: Henrique Faria Ramos - Av. Dr. Eneas Carvalho de Aguiar, 255 6o andar. Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil. CEP: 05403-000.E-mail: henriquefariaramos@terra.com.brPaper submitted to the BJORL-SGP (Publishing Management System – Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology) on July 15, 2010; and accepted on October 01, 2010. cod. 7211

1 Full Professor of Otorhinolaryngology Health Sciences Center Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES). Head of the Specialized Medicine Health Sciences Center Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES) and Head of the ENT Department Cassiano Antonio de Moraes University Hospital (HUCAM). 2 MD. ENT ABORL-CCF. Preceptor at the ENT Clinic University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP). 3 MSc in ENT and PhD in Medicine Federal University of Sao Paulo Medical School (EPM-UNIFESP). MD; ENT in Vitoria, ES. 4 MD, Neuropediatrician Cassiano Antonio de Moraes University Hospital (HUCAM). 5 ENT Resident University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP). Servico de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital Universitario “Cassiano Antonio de Moraes” Centro de Ciencias da Saude da Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo. Send correspondence to: Prof. Dr. Sergio Ramos Av. Saturnino de Brito 256 Enseada do Sua Vitoria ES 29050-385. Tel. (0xx27) 3345-1600 Fax (0xx27) 3345-0195 Paper submitted to the BJORL-SGP (Publishing Management System – Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology) on July 24, 2006; and accepted on May 15, 2010. cod. 3295 CASE REPORT Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(6):794. BJORL