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Background: Suicide is one of the main external causes of death worldwide. People who have already attempted suicide are at high risk of new suicidal behavior. However, there is a lack of information on the risk factors that facilitate the appearance of reattempts. The aim of this study was to calculate the risk of suicide reattempt in the presence of suicidal history and psychosocial risk factors and to estimate the effect of each individual risk factor., Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA-2020 guidelines. Studies on suicide reattempt that measured risk factors were searched from inception to 2022. The risk factors studied were those directly related to suicide history: history of suicide prior to the index attempt, and those that mediate the transition from suicidal ideation to attempt (alcohol or drug misuse, impulsivity, trauma, and non-suicidal self-injury)., Results: The initial search resulted in 11 905 articles. Of these, 34 articles were selected for this meta-analysis, jointly presenting 52 different effect sizes. The pooled effect size across the risk factors was significant (OR 2.16). Reattempt risk may be increased in presence of any of the following risk factors: previous history, active suicidal ideation, trauma, alcohol misuse, and drug misuse. However, impulsivity, and non-suicidal self-injury did not show a significant effect on reattempt., Conclusion: Most of the risk factors traditionally associated with suicide are also relevant when talking about suicide reattempts. Knowing the traits that define reattempters can help develop better preventive and intervention plans.

Introduction: Online streaming series 'Thirteen reasons why' (13RW) depicts the suicide of an adolescent who, prior to death, records thirteen audiotapes blaming several people for her decision. Following the show's release in March 2017, 13RW raised concerns about the glamorized portrayal of the main character's suicide and led some people to fear a global contagion of self-harm behaviors. Objectives: To provide a review of original studies analyzing the role of 13RW as an influencing factor for suicide. Methods: Articles were identified through a systematic search of MEDLINE, SCOPUS and Web of Science, and a manual search of reference lists. Key words were '("thirteen reasons why" OR "13 reasons why") AND (suicide OR suicidal OR suicidality)'. As the heterogeneity of articles did not permit a formal meta-analysis, a qualitative synthesis is presented. Results: 15 published articles were identified from an initial search of 64 studies. Positive effects of watching 13RW included a reduction in suicide stigma and a greater likelihood to discuss mental health concerns and seek for help. On the other hand, most studies reported negative outcomes including significant increases in (1) the rate of suicide deaths in adolescents; (2) the number of pediatric admissions for suicidal reasons; and (3) the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and selfharm behaviors in vulnerable viewers. Conclusions: Due to methodological limitations, no causal relation can be established; however, results are highly suggestive of so. Prevention measures are required to alert of the risk and should be particularly addressed to susceptible subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]