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The cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system is a demonstration device capable of generating high-power millimeter electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength and observing their effects on living organisms. It irradiates a biological sample placed in a 30 x 30 x 50 cm³ cell with electromagnetic waves in the 3.15-mm-wavelength region (with an output of ≥1 W) and analyzes the temperature change of the sample. A vacuum electronic device-based coupled-cavity backward-wave oscillator converts the electron energy of the electron beam into radiofrequency (RF) energy and radiates it to the target through an antenna, increasing the temperature through the absorption of RF energy in the skin. The system causes pain and ultimately reduces combat power. A cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system consisting of four parts--an electromagnetic-wave generator, a high-voltage power supply, a test cell, and a system controller--generates an RF signal of ≥1 W in a continuous waveform at a 95-GHz center frequency, as well as a chemical solution with a dielectric constant similar to that of the skin of a living organism. An increase of 5 °C lasting approximately 10 s was confirmed through an experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers have investigated plasma-related phenomena and internal breakdowns in the gigawatt–terahertz relativistic backward wave oscillator (RBWO) caused by field emissions from the surfaces of the waveguide circuits in these oscillators. In order to increase the power-handling capability of relativistic electron beam devices, an RBWO is proposed in the form of an oversized structure in which the diameter ( $D$ ) of the electrodynamic structure is increased to several times the free-space wavelength ( $\lambda )$ . An optimal periodic rectangular corrugation structure of which the axial mode is matched to the $\pi $ mode is designed in order to determine only the TM01 mode without mode competition in a slow-wave structure (SWS). The oversized RBWO has a fairly large diameter and uses a resonant reflector to achieve optimum efficiency while also preventing mode competition in the SWS. Absorption of a decelerated electron beam is achieved by the collector, which protects against breakdown and damage. The results of 0.5–0.1 THz from 500 kV–5 kA in the relativistic region are observed by means of a particle-in-cell simulation, and the dispersion relationship is determined by a finite-difference time-domain simulation. The outcomes show that a high-power oversized RBWO can control the selection of the mode and the interaction efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]