4 results on '"Ouermi, Lucienne"'
Search Results
2. Effect of Commonly Used Pediatric Antibiotics on Gut Microbial Diversity in Preschool Children in Burkina Faso: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
- Author
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Oldenburg, Catherine E, Sié, Ali, Coulibaly, Boubacar, Ouermi, Lucienne, Dah, Clarisse, Tapsoba, Charlemagne, Bärnighausen, Till, Ray, Kathryn J, Zhong, Lina, Cummings, Susie, Lebas, Elodie, Lietman, Thomas M, Keenan, Jeremy D, and Doan, Thuy
- Subjects
antibiotics ,microbiome ,randomized controlled trial ,sub-Saharan Africa - Abstract
BackgroundExposure to antibiotics may result in alterations to the composition of intestinal microbiota. However, few trials have been conducted, and observational studies are subject to confounding by indication. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of 3 commonly used pediatric antibiotics on the intestinal microbiome in healthy preschool children.MethodsChildren aged 6-59 months were randomized (1:1:1:1) to a 5-day course of 1 of 3 antibiotics, including amoxicillin (25 mg/kg/d twice-daily doses), azithromycin (10 mg/kg dose on day 1 and then 5 mg/kg once daily for 4 days), cotrimoxazole (240 mg once daily), or placebo. Rectal swabs were obtained at baseline and 5 days after the last dose and were processed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The prespecified primary outcome was inverse Simpson's α-diversity index.ResultsPost-treatment Simpson's diversity was significantly different across the 4 arms (P = .003). The mean Simpson's α-diversity among azithromycin-treated children was significantly lower than in placebo-treated children (6.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.5-7.8; vs 9.8; 95% CI, 8.7-10.9; P = .0001). Diversity in children treated with amoxicillin (8.3; 95% CI, 7.0-9.6; P = .09) or cotrimoxazole (8.3; 95% CI, 8.2-9.7; P = .08) was not significantly different than placebo.ConclusionsAzithromycin affects the composition of the pediatric intestinal microbiome. The effect of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole on microbiome composition was less clear.Clinical trials registrationclinicaltrials.gov NCT03187834.
- Published
- 2018
3. Prevalence and correlates of adolescent self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A population-based study in Burkina Faso.
- Author
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Ebalu, Tracie I, Kearns, Jaclyn C, Ouermi, Lucienne, Bountogo, Mamadou, Sié, Ali, Bärnighausen, Till, and Harling, Guy
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MEDICAL care for teenagers ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,SELF-evaluation ,SELF-injurious behavior ,MANN Whitney U Test ,RISK assessment ,TEENAGERS' conduct of life ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CHI-squared test ,DISEASE prevalence ,RESEARCH funding ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,DATA analysis software ,ODDS ratio - Abstract
Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) are a growing concern among youth in sub-Saharan Africa, but their prevalence and correlates in this region are poorly understood. We therefore examined self-reported SITBs in a population-representative sample of youth in rural Burkina Faso. We used interviews from 1,538 adolescents aged 12 to 20 years living in 10 villages and 1 town in northwestern Burkina Faso. Adolescents were asked about their experiences with suicidal and nonsuicidal SITBs, adverse environmental factors, psychiatric symptoms, and interpersonal-social experiences. SITBs included lifetime prevalence of life is not worth living, passive suicide ideation, active suicide ideation, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). After describing SITB prevalence, we ran logistic and negative binomial regression models to predict SITBs. Weighted lifetime SITB prevalence estimates were: 15.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.7–18.0) for NSSI; 15.1% (95% CI: [13.2, 17.0]) for life is not worth living; 5.0% (95% CI [3.9, 6.0]) for passive suicide ideation; and 2.3% (95% CI [1.6, 3.0]) for active suicide ideation. Prevalence of life is not worth living increased with age. All four SITBs were significantly positively associated with mental health symptoms (depression symptoms, probable posttraumatic stress disorder) and interpersonal-social experiences (peer and social connectedness, physical assault, sexual assault and unwanted sexual experiences). Females were significantly more likely to report that their life was not worth living compared to males (aOR = 0.68; 95% CI [0.48, 0.96]). There is a high prevalence of SITBs among youth in rural Burkina Faso, most notably NSSI and life is not worth living, with interpersonal-social factors being the strongest predictors. Our results highlight the need for longitudinal SITB assessment to understand how risk for SITBs operates in resource-constrained settings, and to design interventions to mitigate risk. Given low school enrollment in rural Burkina Faso, it will be important to consider youth suicide prevention and mental health initiatives that are not school-based. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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4. Impairment in Activities of Daily Living and Unmet Need for Care Among Older Adults: A Population-Based Study From Burkina Faso.
- Author
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Brinkmann, Ben, Davies, Justine I, Witham, Miles D, Harling, Guy, Bärnighausen, Till, Bountogo, Mamadou, Siedner, Mark J, Ouermi, Lucienne, Junghanns, Jana, Coulibaly, Boubacar, Sié, Ali, Payne, Collin F, and Kohler, Iliana V
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STATISTICS ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,RURAL conditions ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,ACTIVITIES of daily living ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,DISEASE prevalence ,STATISTICAL correlation ,ODDS ratio ,MEDICAL needs assessment - Abstract
Objectives The importance of impairment in performing activities of daily living (ADL) is likely to increase in sub-Saharan Africa because few care options for affected people exist. This study investigated the prevalence of ADL impairment, the extent to which care need was met, and described characteristics of people with ADL impairment and unmet need in Burkina Faso. Methods This study used data from the Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna Heidelberg Aging Study, a population-based study among 3,026 adults aged older than 40 years conducted in rural Burkina Faso. Information on 6 basic ADL items was sought, with a follow-up question asking whether care need was not met, partially met, or met. Bivariable correlations and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine sociodemographic and health characteristics associated with ADL impairment and unmet need. Results ADL impairment of any kind was reported by 1,202 (39.7%) respondents and was associated with older age (adjusted odds ratio: 1.05 [95% CI: 1.04–1.06]), being a woman (1.33 [1.06–1.60]), and reporting depressive symptoms (1.90 [1.65–2.18]). Among those with ADL impairment, 67.8% had at least one unmet need. Severe ADL impairment was found in 202 (6.7%) respondents, who reported a lower prevalence of unmet need (43.1%). Severe ADL impairment was associated with depressive symptoms (2.55 [2.11–3.07]) to a stronger degree than any ADL impairment. Discussion Prevalence of ADL impairment and unmet need was high in this setting. Variation in impairment across the population highlighted key groups for future interventions. Unmet need for care was highest in middle-aged adults, indicating a gap in care provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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