1. Structure-based glycoconjugate vaccine design: The example of Group B Streptococcus type III capsular polysaccharide.
- Author
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Carboni F and Adamo R
- Subjects
- Animals, Crystallography, X-Ray, Disease Models, Animal, Drug Design, Epitopes administration & dosage, Epitopes immunology, Epitopes ultrastructure, Glycoconjugates administration & dosage, Glycoconjugates chemistry, Glycoconjugates immunology, Humans, Immunogenicity, Vaccine, Polysaccharides, Bacterial immunology, Polysaccharides, Bacterial ultrastructure, Streptococcal Infections immunology, Streptococcal Infections microbiology, Streptococcal Vaccines chemical synthesis, Streptococcal Vaccines immunology, Structure-Activity Relationship, Vaccines, Synthetic administration & dosage, Vaccines, Synthetic chemistry, Vaccines, Synthetic immunology, Polysaccharides, Bacterial administration & dosage, Streptococcal Infections prevention & control, Streptococcal Vaccines administration & dosage, Streptococcus agalactiae immunology
- Abstract
Microbial surface polysaccharides are important virulence factors and targets for vaccine development. Glycoconjugate vaccines, obtained by covalently linking carbohydrates and proteins, are well established tools for prevention of bacterial infections. Elucidation of the minimal portion involved in the interactions with functional antibodies is of utmost importance for the understanding of their mechanism of induction of protective immune responses and the design of synthetic glycan based vaccines. Typically, this is achieved by combination of different techniques, which include ELISA, glycoarray, Surface Plasmon Resonance in conjunction with approaches for mapping at atomic level the position involved in binding, such as Saturation Transfer NMR and X-ray crystallography. This review provides an overview of the structural studies performed to map glycan epitopes (glycotopes), with focus on the highly complex structure of Group B Streptococcus type III (GBSIII) capsular polysaccharide. Furthermore, it describes the rational process followed to translate the obtained information into the design of a protective glycoconjugate vaccine based on a well-defined synthetic glycan epitope., (Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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