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The authors are discussing the project management. They are focusing on the importance of white papers, the work plan in project management. They also propose that white papers are the foundation of all activities to be undertaken and it can be used as proposal and short status documents. It makes the things organized in project management.

Compared to single physical products or services, Industrial Product-Service Systems (IPS2) are characterized by a very high degree of dynamic changes not only during their planning, but throughout their entire life cycle. These changes have to be managed, tracked and documented by a change management process and supported by a change management system. As IPS2 changes and change processes are very difficult to plan during the development phase of IPS2, existing static and deterministic change management solutions are not appropriate to be used for IPS2. This paper describes a new concept of an adaptive change management for IPS2. The concept described allows for appropriate redesigning, adaption and execution of change processes of IPS2 throughout its entire life cycle to carry out an IPS2 change most efficiently with regard to time and costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Industrial symbiosis activities are being implemented in the philosophy of “circular economy” in China. Integrating industrial symbiosis into the corporate development plans to optimize materials and energy flows is a feasible strategy for many corporations in their transition between nonsustainable and sustainable development. By constructing industrial ecosystems, Nanning Sugar Co., Ltd. in China, has achieved the successful transition from a traditional corporation to a sustainable corporation, or rather, a circular corporation. This study expounds on its whole transition course to a circular complex in the past decade, in which four factors are essential to making this symbiosis achievable: rational production structures; raw materials advantages; technical supports and correct diversification. The corporation is in charge of almost all the aspects of its affiliated companies and the management mode, in particular, differing from that of industrial symbiosis systems in Kalundborg, is considered another potential factor contributing to the corporate success. The transition mode in question is hoped to point to a feasible development path for similar corporations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Performance in dynamic complex problem tasks is affected by cognitive inflexibility, whereby people are sometimes unable to adapt their strategies to unexpected changes in their surroundings. This cognitive inflexibility only affects a person's performance when the environmental changes are relevant to the particular problem-solving strategy that they are using. This paper describes a new methodology to detect cognitive flexibility in the use of strategies and presents an experiment designed to test the hypothesis, proving that the type of training affects cognitive flexibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]