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The purpose of this study was to determine the range of threshold responses of healthy dental pulps and test the reproducibility of the electric pulp test (EPT). Forty‐nine dental students participated in the study. Sound teeth in both arches, except third molars, were included. The teeth were isolated using cotton rolls and dried with compressed air, and the threshold responses were recorded. Participants stopped the stimulus increase by pressing the switch at the first sensation of discomfort. The measurements were repeated after 30 days. The obtained data were analysed using SPSS®16.0. The mean thresholds for the maxillary incisors, canines, premolars and molars were 10.77, 21.07, 21.88 and 34.07 μA, and for mandibular incisors, canines, premolars and molars 9.81, 18.7, 19.24 and 30.1 μA respectively. The differences between the two measurements were statistically significant for teeth 32, 31, 41 and 42. The EPT was shown to be reproducible for all the teeth tested except mandibular incisors.

The primary objective of this study was to compare the dentin ablation volume and ablation rate of quantum square pulse (QSP), using two different pulse energy settings plus a new digitally controlled dental laser handpiece (X-Runner), with those of variable square pulse (VSP), using three different pulse durations. The secondary objective was to examine, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the surface effects of ablation with the different Er:YAG laser modes on the dentin surfaces.The available literature has limited data on the efficiency of different operating modes, pulse durations, and the new digitally controlled handpiece of the Er:YAG laser on human dentin.Freshly extracted human molars (n = 72) were divided into two experimental groups (n = 36 each): (1) QSP group, and (2) VSP group. Each group was randomly divided into three subgroups (n = 12 each). In the QSP group, preparations in dentin were performed using 250 and 500 mJ of pulse energy with the conventional handpiece, and with the X-Runner handpiece set at 250 mJ pulse energy. In the VSP group, cavity preparations were performed using three pulse variables: super short pulse (SSP), micro short pulse (MSP), and short pulse (SP). Cavity preparations were made in dentin at time intervals of 1, 2, and 5 sec. A laser triangulation profilometer was used to determine cavity volumes. Surface analysis of the ablated dentin specimens was performed by SEM.For time intervals of 1 and 2 sec, ablated volume and ablation rate for QSP-500 mJ were significantly higher than for all other groups (p 0.0001). For the 5-sec time interval, X-Runner and QSP-500 mJ were the most efficient in dentin ablation (p 0.0001). Dentin surfaces were free of smear layer in all groups.The most efficient modes of dentin ablation in the study were the QSP-500 mJ and X-Runner groups. Dentin surfaces were free of smear layer in all groups.

The purpose of the research was to compare oral health behavior and plaque indices between Croatian first-year and final-year dental students. Therefore, 46.9% of first-year and 47% of final-year dental students were surveyed using the Hiroshima University Dental Behavior Inventory (HU-DBI) questionnaire and had their plaque indices determined. Descriptive statistics analysis, nonparametric tests, and correlation analysis were performed (p, Svrha istraživanja bila je usporediti navike i znanja o oralnoj higijeni te indekse plaka studenata dentalne medicine prve i šeste godine. Upitnik Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) ispunilo je 46,9% studenata prve i 47% studenata šeste godine te im je određen indeks plaka. Podatci su obrađeni deskriptivnom statistikom, neparametrijskim testovima i korelacijskom analizom (p

The purpose of the research was to compare oral health behavior and plaque indices between Croatian first-year and final-year dental students. Therefore, 46.9% of first-year and 47% of final-year dental students were surveyed using the Hiroshima University Dental Behavior Inventory (HU-DBI) questionnaire and had their plaque indices determined. Descriptive statistics analysis, nonparametric tests, and correlation analysis were performed (p

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of third molars in terms of respondents’ age. Furthermore it was desired to determine the extent of the manifestation of pathological changes, such as caries, apical lesions, and al- veolar bone resorption. This study was based on 500 OPGs of patients from the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Zagreb. Patients were divided into seven age groups. The total number of molars, the number of cavities on remaining molars, the quality of endodontic treatment and the evaluation of their performance and presence of periapical lesions was ana- lyzed. As a part of the periodontal status, the number of inadequate fillings, the number of damaged furcations and bone resorption was analyzed. The statistical analysis was performed by means of STATISTICA 7 statistical package (Stat- Soft, Tulsa, USA). The correlation between the total number of molars and the age of patients was analyzed by means of Spearman’s correlation to the level of significance of 0.05. The number of first, second and third molars significantly de- creased in higher age groups. The prevalence of caries in third molars as compared to first and second molars was gener- ally lower, third molars were endodontic treated at least. Assessment of involved furcations showed that the lowest per- centage of 8% was found in third molars. The majority of all remaining molars had bone resorption of 1–3 mm.

Svrha rada: Svrha ove studije bila je procijeniti utjecaj oralne primjene Ekolostruma (goveđeg kolostruma) na koncentraciju salivarnog IgA (sIgA). Materijali i metode: Dvadesetero zdravih ispitanika u dobi između 23 i 54 godine nasumce je podijeljeno na ispitnu i kontrolnu skupinu (n = 10). Svatko u ispitnoj skupini dobio je 60 kapsula Ekolostruma. Na početku istraživanja od svih je sudionika bila prikupljena nestimulirana slina. To isto učinjeno je nakon 30 dana, na kraju pokusa. Koncentracija sIgA iz sline određivala se testom ELISA (enzim-linked immunosorbent assay). Usporedbe rezultata unutar skupine obavljene su studentovim t-testom, a usporedbe rezultata između dviju skupina primjenom ANOVE (p=0,05). Rezultati: Sudionici ispitivanja koji su uzimali Ekolostrum imali su statistički značajno (p = 0,026) niže koncentracije sIgA nakon tretmana negoli prije. Kontrolna skupina nije pokazala statistički značajnu razliku u koncentraciji sIgA na početku i na kraju istraživanja. Na kraju istraživanja nije bilo statistički značajne razlike (p = 0,047) srednjih koncentracija sIgA između ispitne i kontrolne skupine (464 ± 59.89μg/mL i 620,16 ± 42.26μg/mL). Zaključak: Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazuju da je nakon jednomjesečne oralne primjene Ekolostruma koncentracija sIgA bila statistički značajno niža nego prije tretmana. Potrebna su daljnja, opsežnija i detaljnija istraživanja kako bismo dobili pouzdanije rezultate., Objective: The aim of the present pilot- study was to evaluate the influence of oral intake of Ekolostrum (bovine colostrum) on concentration of salivary IgA( sIgA) in saliva. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy participants between 23 and 54 years of age were randomly selected for the test and control group (n= 10). The test group took 60 capsules of Ecolostrum. The entire amount of the unstimulated saliva was collected before treatment from all participants. The procedure was repeated after 30 days at the end of the experiment. The concentration of sIgA in saliva was determined using ELISA (enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay). Intra- group comparisons were performed by paired sample T-test and inter- group differences were compared by ANOVA (p=0.05) Results: Participants who were taking Ecolostrum had statistically significant (p=0.026) lower concentrations of sIgA after the treatment than before. The control group showed no statistically significant difference. There were statistically significant differences ( p=0.047) of mean concentrations of sIgA between the test group and control group at the end of the experiment(464 ±59.89μg/mL and 620.16± 42.26μg/mL). Conclusions: The results of this pilot- study show that after one month of orally administrated Ekolostrum, the amount of sIgA was lower than before treatment. Some more extensive and detailed studies are needed to obtain more reliable results.

Objective: The aim was to examine dental and periodontal status of adult Croatian 18th century population and compare the results with available literature data. Materials and methods: 104 specimens from the crypt of Poz y ega cathedral were grouped into three female and three male groups according to age. Caries was determined by visual inspection and dental probe. Ante and post mortem teeth losses were recorded. Periodontal status was determined according to the length of exposed tooth root from alveolar crest to cemento-enamel junction. The presence of dehiscences and fenestrations was recorded on facial and oral plate of alveolar bone. Results: The whole sample exhibited ante- and post mortem teeth loss of 19.57% and 24.91%, respectively. The teeth most frequently lost postmortem were incisors. The canines were best preserved. The frequency of caries in both jaws was the highest in molars (26.63% in maxilla and 28.10% in mandible), whilst central incisors exhibited the least carious lesions (11.59 and 1.92%). The most frequently affected surfaces were occlusal, then proximal and facio-oral. The percentage of teeth with either moderate or considerable bone loss was higher in females. The frequency of considerable bone loss increased significantly with age. The frequency of dehiscences was 3.11%. It was higher in maxilla than in the mandible. The frequency of fenestrations was 5.65% and it was significantly higher in maxilla. Conclusions: The results demonstrate poor oral health amongst 18th century population of continental Croatia, exhibiting high antemortem teeth loss, high periodontal disease frequency and occlusal and proximal caries frequency.