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Objectives Cryopreservation is discussed as a viable method of preserving teeth for determined autogenous tooth transplantation. Unchanged physical properties of hard tooth tissues are crucial for functional healing. Due to different thermal expansion coefficients of enamel and dentin or the crystallization process, the freezing process may lead to crack formation, which could adversely impact the long‐term prognosis of the teeth. Material and methods Twenty third molars (n = 20) were frozen slowly using a conservative cryopreservation protocol and stored at −80°C (group 1) and −196°C (group 2). After a storage time of 2 weeks, the samples were thawed to a temperature of +36°C and embedded in polymethyl methacrylate blocks. Cyclic loading was carried out using a spherical steel test specimen with 50,000 mechanical load cycles, followed by load to failure testing for determination of critical load. Results No significant difference in the first load drop could be detected during the load to failure test under different storage conditions. The values until fracture correlated very closely in contralateral tooth pairs, which emphasizes the importance of crown geometry in load to failure tests. Conclusions Conclusions: Cryopreservation, specifically the storage temperature, does not appear to have a significant effect on the physical properties of tooth transplants.

A new technique of primary tooth autotransplantation has recently been published demonstrating reliable replacement of missing permanent incisors in young children due to trauma or agenesis. This retrospective clinical study reports on the longterm success of this new technique in a larger patient group regarding its potential to support bone and soft tissue growth.40 children (age range: 2.7-17.6 years) received 53 primary tooth autotransplants (49 canines and 4 incisors) due to traumatic tooth loss (73%), agenesis (19%) or dysplasia/displacement (8%). Clinical and radiological follow-up examinations were performed to check up on root resorption, bone and soft tissue growth, survival and success.22 transplants still present in the oral cavity of 18 patients yielded a success rate of 77%. The Kaplan-Meier estimator measured a median survival time of 86 months (7.2 years) for all 53 grafts. In all cases, increasing soft tissue and bone development enabled a successful prosthetic rehabilitation regarding aesthetics and function.Primary tooth autotransplantation reliably restores edentulous anterior space in children experiencing traumatic tooth loss or agenesis and acts as an immediate therapy before other therapies such as premolar transplantation or orthodontic space closure can be carried out at a later time. It guarantees the co-development of soft tissue and bone in the teenage jaw which is associated with high patient satisfaction and acceptance of this method.

Premolar autotransplantation represents an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of juvenile dentition with either aquired or congenital hypodontia. The objective of this prospective clinical study was to quantitatively assess bone and soft tissue levels after autogenous premolar transplantation by clinical and radiographic parameters.In the study, 26 premolars were transplanted in 20 patients after traumatic tooth loss (n = 16) or congenital aplasia (n = 10) in the anterior maxilla. Based on standardized photographic documentation, the relative soft tissue level was measured compared to the healthy adjacent teeth. Radiographic findings included evaluation of root resorption, pulp canal obliteration, and relative bone height.Average survival rate of transplanted premolars (n = 26) was 100% over a follow-up period of 29 months (range 10-60 months). The relative soft tissue level significantly increased by +1.1 mm (P .01). Radiographs showed a tendency toward vertical bone growth. Continuous root development and signs of pulpal healing were observed postoperatively in 18 transplants (69.2%).Autogenous premolar transplantation represents a safe method to ensure functional and aesthetic rehabilitation in the anterior maxilla irrespective of the nature of tooth loss.

Background: To present a new idea for rapid management of tooth avulsion in young children and adolescents (age: 6 to 16) by this case report. Case presentation: A nine-year-old boy presented with loss of upper permanent central incisor in early mixed dentition (6 to 10 years, phase I). The not yet fully resorbed primary canine was used as tooth transplant for the lost incisor. The intentional renounce on endodontic treatment of the primary transplant permits natural exfoliation of the transplant occurring either spontaneously or due to undermining resorption through the adjacent erupting teeth. In the late mixed dentition (10 to 16 years, phase II), the primary tooth transplant is electively removed and replaced by a premolar autotransplant for long-term rehabilitation of the meanwhile adolescent patient. Results: Primary canine autoTX acts as a temporary denture with instant surgical gap closure. Ensuing premolar autoTX in phase II then acts as permanent denture with excellent 10 years survival rates. Patient satisfaction issued by a questionnaire resulted in good to very good school grades for both phases of autotransplantation. Conclusions: The “TPTX” concept is a new surgical approach that immediately restores the patient’s function and aesthetics after tooth loss in early childhood supporting the growth of local bone and soft tissue in the growing adolescent jaw.

This retrospective clinical study aimed to determine the success rate of autotransplanted impacted or retained teeth along with a patient satisfaction survey and to analyze the influence of relevant clinical and radiographic parameters.Fifty-seven teeth (37 canines, 10 molars, seven premolars, three incisors) in 45 patients (median 15 years) were evaluated over a mean of 1.6 years. The success criteria were pocket probing depth ≤3.5 mm, mobility grade ≤ II, Periotest ≤30 and complete alveolar bone healing. The influencing parameters were oral hygiene, smoking, periodontal screening index, occlusal/proximal contacts, horizontal position, dental age, pulp obliteration and degree of displacement. Furthermore, bone height was measured.The overall success rate was 74%, along with a high patient satisfaction. The survival rate was 96% after a mean follow-up of 1.6 years. The favorable factors were proper oral hygiene, non-smoking, good general periodontal condition, proximal contacts and pulp obliteration. An increase in or maintenance of bone level was found in 96%.Autotransplantation of impacted or retained teeth is an appropriate treatment, if orthodontic alignment has failed, especially in growing patients.

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the growth of soft tissue and bone in children with traumatic tooth loss or agenesis of teeth can be developed reliably, using a new technique of autogenous primary canine transplant. Study Design. A total of 10 patients (age range, 7-13 years) were treated either for trauma or for agenesis (n ¼ 14 primary canine transplants). In addition to the clinical examination, patients were subjected to radiologic examinations with regard to root resorption, bone height, and soft tissue level. Results. With an average survival rate of 87%, the average survival time of the transplants using the Kaplan-Meier estimator was 5.2 years. In all cases, soft tissue and bone growth was effectively developed. Conclusions. Autogenous primary canine transplant is a reliable surgical method for rehabilitating children in the early mixed dentition after traumatic tooth loss, enabling adequate soft tissue and bone growth. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2015;119:158-169) The lack of a permanent upper incisor, either due to traumatic loss in the early mixed dentition (ages 6 to 10 years) or due to congenital tooth agenesis, always presents the dentist with the difficult task of satisfactorily rehabilitating the affected patients in terms of both aesthetics and function. Epidemiologic studies have found that in Europe, every second child experiences a tooth trauma before the age of 16 years 1,2 ;8 % to 10% of all dental injuries are injuries with loss of permanent teeth. 3 In contrast to traumatic tooth loss, multiple aplasia of teeth is rather rare in the maxillary anterior region. Nevertheless, it presents the dentist with a difficult task, as natural bite raising with alveolar process growth does not occur, owing to the absence of tooth development. The incidence of aplasia in adolescent dentition is found to be approximately 8%. 4 The loss of a permanent tooth in adolescent dentition, and also agenesis of the corresponding tooth, is always accompanied by an inhibition of the vertical and horizontal alveolar process growth. 5 Especially between the ages of 6 and 10 (in the so-called early mixed dentition), a fixed restoration of existing primary or traumatically incurred tooth gaps is not possible because during this time, neither orthodontic gap closure nor endosseous implantation are available as treatment options. Endosseous implants placed before the completion