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Stegana (Steganina) stachydifolia sp. nov. (Figs 2F, 9) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. malanostoma Chen & Chen, 2008 from Hubei, China in the colour patterns of body (Fig. 2F) and some characters of male terminalia (Fig. 9), but can be distinguished by the aedeagus with 1 pair of fringe-like processes ventrally (Fig. 9C, D); gonopods slightly protruded dorsomedially, with a few serrated, minute processes (Fig. 9E, F). The minimum interspecific genetic distance to S. malanostoma is 3.4%, which is smaller than to other species (Table 2). Description. Male: Frons black on upper half, with 1 yellow band medially, brown below. First flagellomere yellow on basal 2/3, black on distal 1/3. Clypeus black medially, yellow laterally. Palpus yellow, slightly brownish apically. Mesonotum brown medially, yellowish brown laterally (Fig. 2F). Katepisternum entirely white. Scutellum brown (Fig. 2F). Foreleg femur with 4 long suberect setae near distal part of posteroventral surface. Abdominal tergites entirely brown (Fig. 2F). Male terminalia (Fig. 9): Epandrium with ca. 24 setae on dorsal to posterolateral portion per side. Cercus lacking pubescence. Surstylus distally with numerous setulae on inner surface. Paramere with ca. 2 setulae. Aedeagus with numerous, thin setae along apical margin and serration processes on dorsal portion. Gonopods with 1 small projection distodorsally in lateral view. Measurements. BL = 2.80 mm in holotype (4♂ paratypes: 2.47–2.67), ThL = 1.33 mm (1.11–1.58), WL = 2.20 mm (1.87–2.00), WW = 1.01 mm (0.87–1.00), arb = 7/4 (7/4–8/4), avd = 0.75 (0.50–0.67), adf = 1.60 (1.43– 1.80), flw = 2.4 (1.57–2.20), FW/HW = 0.41 (0.40–0.44), ch/o = 0.10 (0.10–0.12), prorb = 0.94 (0.93–1.07), rcorb = 0.63 (0.71–0.79), vb = 0.30 (0.26–0.36), dcl = 0.48 (0.44–0.63), presctl = 0.40 (0.45–0.53), sctl = 1.60 (1.61– 1.75), sterno = 0.79 (0.75–0.83), orbito = 1.82 (1.50–1.80), dcp = 0.23 (0.22–0.24), sctlp = 2.5 (2.67–3.3), C = 2.06 (2.00–2.07), 4c = 0.89 (0.79–1.07), 4v = 1.42 (1.21–1.79), 5x = 1.16 (1.16–2.00), ac = 8.5 (7.5–8.5), M = 0.37 (0.41–0.43), C3F = 0.71 (0.66–0.84), A = 1.17(1.03–1.17), H = 0.17(0.17–0.22). Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 121491), China: Yixiang, Pu'er, Yunnan, 22°42'N, 101°09'E, altitude 1400m, 2.x.2011, tree trunk, HW Chen. Paratypes: 3♂ (SCAU, Nos 121492 –94), 13.v.2012, same data as holotype; 1♂ (KIZ, No. 0090662), Guanlei, Mengla, Yunnan, 21°37'39''N, 101°9'55''E, altitude 670m, 14.ix.2012, tussock, JJ Gao; 1♂ (SCAU, No. 124705), Husa, Longchuan, Yunnan, 24°27'37''N, 97°45'9''E, altitude 1227m, 7.ix.2017, tree trunk, HW Chen. Etymology. From the Greek word: stachydifolius, referring to the aedeagus with 1 pair of fringe-like processes. Distribution. China (Yunnan).

Stegana (Steganina) biflava sp. nov. (Figs 2I, 12) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. flavichypeata Chen & Chen in Lu et al. 2011a in the yellow clypeus and palpus, and colour patterns of body (Fig. 2I), but can be distinguished by having the face black on upper 2/3, yellow on lower 1/3; aedeagus with triangular opening in ventral view (Fig. 12B). In S. flavichypeata: Face black, with yellow band medially; aedeagus with rhombic opening in ventral view (fig. 24 in Lu et al. 2011a). The minimum interspecific genetic distance to P. flavichypeata is 7.1%, which is smaller than to other species in this group (Table 2). Description. Male and female. Frons black, with orange yellow stripe medially and band submedially. First flagellomere medially grayish yellow on basal half, black on distal half. Mesonotum black, with thin, yellow longitudinal stripes sublaterally (Fig. 2I). Katepisternum entirely white (Fig. 2I). Scutellum black, yellow at tip (Fig. 2I). Veins R 4+5 and M 1 lacking setae on basal section of dorsal surface. Legs white on basal half of all femora, brown on distal 1/3 of foreleg femur, black on distal half of femora and basal half of tibiae of mid and hindleg, yellow on the rest. Fore femur distally with 3 or 4 setae on posteroventral surface. Abdominal tergites 1st to 5th medially brown, laterally yellowish brown, nearly black on 6th tergite in male; all tergites black in female. Sternites yellow to brownish yellow. Male terminalia (Fig. 12 A���F): Hypandrium anteromedially slightly elongated, about 1.2 times as long as width of epandrium, with a few paramedian setae posteroventrally. Gonopods slightly triangular. Aedeagus slightly expanded distally in ventral view, about 3/5 times as long as aedeagal apodeme. Female terminalia (Fig. 12 G���I): Epiproct, cercus and hypoproct with dense setae and pubescence. Eighth sternite glabrous on anterior 2/3 region, with dense setae and pubescence on posterior 1/3 region. Measurements. BL = 3.60 mm in holotype (mm in 2♂ and 3♀ paratypes: 3.67���4.13 in ♂, 4.00��� 4.13 in ♀), ThL = 1.73 mm (1.53���2.33 in ♂, 1.87���2.07 in ♀), WL = 3.00 mm (2.80���3.47 in ♂, 3.00��� 3.87 in ♀), WW = 1.53 mm (1.40���1.87 in ♂, 1.33���1.60 in ♀), arb = 4/2 (7���8/3���5), avd = 0.50 (0.33���0.89), adf = 2.40 (1.50���1.88), flw = 1.60 (1.40���2.40), FW/HW = 0.51 (0.40���0.50), ch/o = 0.17 (0.16���0.33), prorb = 0.93 (0.82���1.42), rcorb = 0.71 (0.70���1.00), orbito = 1.80 (2.20���3.00), vb = 0.75 (0.18���0.80), sctl = 1.60 (1.25���1.60), sterno = 0.67 (0.50���0.89), sctlp = 1.45 (1.27���1.83), C = 1.92 (1.25���2.00), 4c = 1.50 (1.08���1.40), 4v = 2.38 (1.10���2.00), 5x = 1.50 (1.25��� 2.00), ac = 6.00 (6.50���12.00), M = 0.75 (0.50���0.80), C3F = 0.67 (0.67���0.79). Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 111533), China: Mulun, Huanjiang, Guangxi, 25��07'N, 108��02'E, altitude 480m, 16.ix.2015, tree trunk, YQ Liu. Paratypes: China: 2♀ (SCAU, Nos 111534, 35), same data as holotype; 1♂ (KIZ, No. 0090669), Qimaba, L��hun, Yunnan, 22��49'8''N, 102��17'25''E, altitude 1280m, 3.viii.2016, tree trunk, HW Chen; 1♂ (KIZ, No. 0090670), Yakou, Huanglianshan, L��hun, Yunnan, 22��53'40''N, 102��18'17''E, altitude 1900m, 31.x.2016, tree trunk, HW Chen; 2♂, 1♀ (SCAU, Nos 111536 ���38), Wengang, Libo, Guizhou, 25��13'N, 107��56'E, altitude 754m, 19.ix.2015, tree trunks, YQ Liu, Y Zhang, L Zhu. Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: bi- + flavus, referring to the yellow clypeus and palpus. Distribution. China (Yunnan, Guizhou)., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on page 102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Lu, J. M., Gao, J. J., Chen, X. P. & Chen, H. W. (2011 a). The Stegana undulata species group (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Chinese species. European Journal of Entomology, 108, 139 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2011.017"]}

Stegana coleoptrata species group Stegana coleoptrata species group: La��tovka & M��ca 1982: 8. Diagnosis. Surstylus submedially strongly curved inward, apically with 1 small prensiseta (Figs 3���9A or B). Only those characters that depart from the description of the coleoptrata species group are provided here for the sake of brevity. For more detailed description see La��tovka & M��ca 1982; Hu & Toda 1994; B��chli et al. 2004., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on page 88, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Lastovka, P. & Maca, J. (1982) European and North American species of the genus Stegana (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Annotationes Zoologicae et Botanicae, 149, 1 - 38.","Hu, Y. G. & Toda, M. J. (1994) The Stegana (Steganina) coleoptrata species-group (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with descriptions of two new species and new records from eastern Palearctic region. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 62, 151 - 160.","Bachli, G., Vilela, C. R., Escher, S. A. & Saura, A. (2004) The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. In: Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica. Fol. 39. Brill, Leiden, New York, pp. 362."]}

Stegana (Steganina) flavivittata sp. nov. (Figs 2J, 13) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. flavipalpata Chen & Chen in Lu et al. 2011a in the yellow clypeus and palpus, and colour patterns of body (Fig. 2J), but can be distinguished by the aedeagus lacking serrated, minute processes basally in lateral view, and with round opening in ventral view (Fig. 13B, C). The minimum interspecific genetic distance to S. flavipalpata is 6.9 % (Table 2). ������continued on the next page Min. intra., minimum intraspecific distance; Max. intra., maximum intraspecific distance; Mean intra. Vari., mean intraspecific variability (standard deviation, SD); Min. inter., minimum interspecific distance; Max. inter., maximum interspecific distance; Mean inter. Vari., mean interspecific variability (SD); NA, not applicable. Description. Male and female. Frons black, with orange yellow stripe medially and band submedially. Frontoorbital plate orange yellow. First flagellomere medially grayish yellow on basal 2/3, black on distal 1/3. Face black on upper 2/3, yellow on lower 1/3. Mesonotum medially brown and with yellow, thin longitudinal stripe, laterally dark brown, with yellow longitudinal stripes and a few patches (Fig. 2J). Katepisternum entirely white (Fig. 2J). Scutellum brownish yellow medially, dark brown to balck laterally (Fig. 2J). Veins R 4+5 and M 1 lacking setae on basal section of dorsal surface. Legs white, brownish knee articulations of fore and hindlegs, and black on distal half of hindleg, distal half of femur and basal half of tibia of midleg. Fore femur distally with 6���8 setae on posteroventral surface. Abdominal 1st to 5th tergites dark brown to black medially, yellow laterally; 6th tergite nearly black. Sternites nearly yellow. Male terminalia (Fig. 13 A���F): Distal part of 10th sternite diamond-shaped, about 1.85 times as wide as long. Hypandrium anteromedially elongated, as long as width of epandrium and with a few paramedian setae posteroventrally. Gonopods slightly rounded apicoomedially. Aedeagus about 0.5 times as long as aedeagal apodeme. Female terminalia (Fig. 13 G���I): Epiproct, cercus and hypoproct with dense setae and pubescence. Eighth sternite mostly glabrous, with several setae and pubescence on posterolateral corners. Measurements. BL = 4.87 mm in holotype (mm in 5♂ and 5♀ paratypes: 3.20���4.67 in ♂, 4.13���4.53 in ♀), ThL = 2.53 mm (1.73���2.40 in ♂, 2.07���2.27 in ♀), WL = 3.47 mm (2.53���3.67 in ♂, 3.00��� 3.47 in ♀), WW = 1.73 mm (1.20���1.80 in ♂, 1.33���1.87 in ♀), arb = 10/6 (8���10/4���6), avd = 0.67 (0.67���0.83), adf = 1.80 (1.50���2.00), flw = 1.50 (1.30���2.13), FW/HW = 0.42 (0.36���0.48), ch/o = 0.21 (0.20���0.36), prorb = 0.65 (0.67���1.00), rcorb = 0.87 (0.60���1.10), orbito = 2.14 (1.50���2.33), vb = 0.40 (0.18���0.45), sctl = 1.69 (1.29���2.50), sterno = 1.00 (0.50���0.94), sctlp = 1.25 (1.67���2.50), C = 2.80 (1.59���2.92), 4c = 0.83 (1.00���1.38), 4v = 1.92 (1.77���2.50), 5x = 1.75 (1.50��� 2.50), ac = 5.00 (5.50���9.00), M = 0.58 (0.58���1.00), C3F = 0.80 (0.67���0.83). Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 111489), China: Hesong, Menghai, Yunnan, 21��49��� N, 100��06��� E, altitude 1800m, 7.v.2012, tree trunk, HW Chen. Paratypes: China: 6♂, 5♀ (SCAU, Nos 111490 ���500), same data as holotype; 1♂, 4♀ (SCAU, Nos 111501 ���05), altitude 1600m, 12.v.2012, same data as holotype; 1♂, 1♀ (SCAU, Nos 111506, 07), Mengyuan, Mengla, Yunnan, 21��43'56''N, 101��23'15''E altitude 876m, 18.xii.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen; 1♀ (SCAU, No. 111508), Wangtianshu Forest Park, Mengla, Yunnan, 21��36'9''N, 101��35'6''E, altitude 640m, 16.iv.2010, tree trunk, HW Chen; 4♀ (SCAU, Nos 111509 ���12), Menglai Grand Canyon, Cangyuan, Yunnan, 23��13'20''N, 99��15'4''E, altitude 1240m, 30.x.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong, BX Li; 3♂, 1♀ (KIZ, Nos 0090665���68), Longtan Forest Park, Ximeng, Yunnan, 22��38'44''N, 99��35'39''E, altitude 1145m, 27.x.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong, BX Li; 1♂ (SCAU, No. 111513), Moli Forest Park, Ruili, Yunnan, 24��7'5''N, 97��58'51''E, altitude 920m, 5.xi.2017, tree trunk, L Gong; 1♂, 8♀ (SCAU, Nos 111514 ���22), Yixiang, Pu'er, Yunnan, 22��42'N, 101��09'E, altitude 1400m, 13.v.2012, tree trunks, HW Chen; 1♀ (SCAU, No. 111539), Tongbiguan, Yingjiang, Yunnan, altitude 1310m, 19.v.2016, tree trunks, J Huang; 2♀ (SCAU, Nos 111523, 24), Husa, Longchuan, Yunnan, 24��25'19''N, 97��46'38''E, altitude 1227m, 20,21. viii.2016, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong; 2♂, 5♀ (SCAU, Nos 111525 ���1), Bangda, Mangshi, Yunnan, 24��7'55''N, 98��13'42''E, altitude 1780m, 8.xi.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong, BX Li; 1♀ (SCAU, No. 111532), Botanic Garden, Ruili, Yunnan, 24��4'19''N, 97��49'8''E, altitude 1174m, 22.v.2016, tussock, J Huang; 1♂ (SCAU, No. 111542), Mengdong, Cangyuan, Yunnan, 23��10'8''N, 99��13'52''E, altitude 1320m, tussock, 6.V.2016, J Huang. Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: flavus and vittatus, referring to the mesonotum with yellow longitudinal stripes. Distribution. China (Yunnan)., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on pages 103-107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Lu, J. M., Gao, J. J., Chen, X. P. & Chen, H. W. (2011 a). The Stegana undulata species group (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Chinese species. European Journal of Entomology, 108, 139 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2011.017"]}

Stegana (Steganina) hirtifoliacea sp. nov. (Figs 2G, 10) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. unguiculata sp. nov. in the colour patterns of body (Fig. 2G) and male terminalia (Fig. 10), but can be distinguished by the aedeagus with 4 short and thick processes per side (Fig. 10C); sublateral processes of gonopods shorter and broadly separated than in S. unguiculata sp. nov. (Fig. 10D). The minimum interspecific genetic distance to S. unguiculata is 3.3%, which is smaller than to other species (Table 2); see description of S. unguiculata for more detail. Description. Male: Pedicel yellow medially, black laterally; first flagellomere nearly black. Palpus yellow basally, brown on distal 1/ 3 in male. Mesonotum brown (Fig. 2G). Katepisternum dark brown on upper part, whiteyellow on lower part (Fig. 2G). Scutellum black (Fig. 2G). Legs dark brown to black, yellow on basal part of fore femora and 2nd to 5th tarsomeres. Fore femur with 3 long setae on distal half of posteroventral surface. All abdominal tergites brown (Fig. 2G); all sternites yellowish brown. Male terminalia (Fig. 10): Epandrium with ca. 20 setae near posterior portion per side. Surstylus broad in lateral view. Cercus lacking pubescence. Tenth sternite with 1 pair of asymmetric projections sublaterally. Paramere with ca. 2 sensilla. Aedeagus with pubescence. Gonopods with 1 suberect lobe-like process bearing several pubescence. Measurements. BL = 2.80 mm in holotype (1♂ paratype: 2.75), ThL = 1.13 mm (1.26), WL = 2.00 mm (2.65), WW = 1.00 mm (1.21), arb = 6/5 (5/4), avd = 0.60 (0.84), adf = 1.43 (1.02), flw = 1.57 (1.90), FW/HW = 0.31 (0.40), ch/o = 0.13 (0.11), prorb = 1.07 (0.90), rcorb = 0.60 (0.62), vb = 0.25 (0.27), dc1 = damaged (damaged), presct1 = 0.50 (damaged), sct1 = 1.59 (damaged), sterno = damaged (0.87), orbito = 2.25 (1.91), dcp = 0.24 (0.25), sct1p = 1.08 (1.15), C = 2.00 (2.19), 4c = 1.13 (1.42), 4v = 1.57 (1.82), 5x = 1.33 (1.13), ac = 9.00 (7.47), M = 0.50 (0.62), C3F = 0.71 (0.58). Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 124706), China: Dashuigou, Lüchun, Yunnan, 22°57'19''N, 101°57'4''E, altitude 1310m, 2.viii.2016, tussock, HW Chen. Paratype: China: 1♂ (SCAU, No. 124709), Mengma, Menglian, Yunnan, 22°12'59''N, 99°22'51''E, altitude 1070m, 15.iv.2018, tree trunk, HW Chen. Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: hirtus + foliaceus, referring to the aedeagus with several setae. Distribution. China (Yunnan).

Stegana (Steganina) spatulata sp. nov. (Figs 2E, 8) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. nigrithorax Strobl, 1898 in some characters of the colour patterns of body (Fig. 2E) and semicircular gonopods (Fig. 8E), but can be distinguished by the median flaps of hypandrium (Hu & Toda, 1994; fused gonopod in Bächli et al., 2004) concave, spoon-like (Fig. 8E, F); aedeagus with numerous, serrated, minute processes medially (Fig. 8C, D). However, the minimum interspecific genetic distance is 3.1% to S. pililobosa (Table 2). Description. Male: Frons brown. First flagellomere yellow on basal 1/4, brown on distal 3/4. Clypeus yellow, slightly brownish medially. Palpus yellow. Katepisternum entirely white. Scutellum brown (Fig. 2E). Femur of foreleg with 5 long erect setae near distal part of posteroventral surface. Abdominal tergites entirely dark brown medially, yellowish brown laterally (Fig. 2E). Male terminalia (Fig. 8): Epandrium protruded ventrally, with ca. 20 setae on posterior portion per side. Surstylus distally with numerous setulae on inner surface. Cercus lacking pubescence. Tenth sternite with 1 pair of processes submedially. Paramere lacking setula. Measurements. BL = 3.47 mm, ThL = 1.46 mm, WL = 2.90 mm, WW = 1.14 mm, arb = 6/5, avd = 0.77, adf = 1.31, flw = 1.82, FW/HW = 0.28, ch/o = 0.23, prorb = 0.30, rcorb = 0.79, vb = 0.66, dc1 = 0.33, presct1 = 0.35, sct1 = damaged, sterno = 0.88, orbito = 1.45, dcp = 0.30, sct1p = 1.59, C = 2.00, 4c = 1.14, 4v = 1.36, 5x = 1.41, ac = 8.42, M = 0.54, C3F = 0.63. Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 110902), China: Guojiapuzi, Kuandian, Liaoning, 40°46'46''N, 124°45'07''E, altitude 342m, 26.vii.2018, tree trunk, NN Wang. Etymology. From the Latin word: spatulate, referring to the median flaps of hypandrium spoon-like. Distribution. China (Liaoning).

Stegana (Steganina) spatulata sp. nov. (Figs 2E, 8) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. nigrithorax Strobl, 1898 in some characters of the colour patterns of body (Fig. 2E) and semicircular gonopods (Fig. 8E), but can be distinguished by the median flaps of hypandrium (Hu & Toda, 1994; fused gonopod in B��chli et al., 2004) concave, spoon-like (Fig. 8E, F); aedeagus with numerous, serrated, minute processes medially (Fig. 8C, D). However, the minimum interspecific genetic distance is 3.1% to S. pililobosa (Table 2). Description. Male: Frons brown. First flagellomere yellow on basal 1/4, brown on distal 3/4. Clypeus yellow, slightly brownish medially. Palpus yellow. Katepisternum entirely white. Scutellum brown (Fig. 2E). Femur of foreleg with 5 long erect setae near distal part of posteroventral surface. Abdominal tergites entirely dark brown medially, yellowish brown laterally (Fig. 2E). Male terminalia (Fig. 8): Epandrium protruded ventrally, with ca. 20 setae on posterior portion per side. Surstylus distally with numerous setulae on inner surface. Cercus lacking pubescence. Tenth sternite with 1 pair of processes submedially. Paramere lacking setula. Measurements. BL = 3.47 mm, ThL = 1.46 mm, WL = 2.90 mm, WW = 1.14 mm, arb = 6/5, avd = 0.77, adf = 1.31, flw = 1.82, FW/HW = 0.28, ch/o = 0.23, prorb = 0.30, rcorb = 0.79, vb = 0.66, dc1 = 0.33, presct1 = 0.35, sct1 = damaged, sterno = 0.88, orbito = 1.45, dcp = 0.30, sct1p = 1.59, C = 2.00, 4c = 1.14, 4v = 1.36, 5x = 1.41, ac = 8.42, M = 0.54, C3F = 0.63. Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 110902), China: Guojiapuzi, Kuandian, Liaoning, 40��46'46''N, 124��45'07''E, altitude 342m, 26.vii.2018, tree trunk, NN Wang. Etymology. From the Latin word: spatulate, referring to the median flaps of hypandrium spoon-like. Distribution. China (Liaoning)., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on pages 95-96, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Hu, Y. G. & Toda, M. J. (1994) The Stegana (Steganina) coleoptrata species-group (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with descriptions of two new species and new records from eastern Palearctic region. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 62, 151 - 160.","Bachli, G., Vilela, C. R., Escher, S. A. & Saura, A. (2004) The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. In: Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica. Fol. 39. Brill, Leiden, New York, pp. 362."]}

Stegana ornatipes species group Stegana ornatipes group: Cheng, Gao & Chen, 2009: 38. Diagnosis. Surstylus with several thin, long setae basally and 1 strong prensiseta apically (Figs 10B, 11B); gonopods with 1 pair of projections sublaterally (Figs 10D, 11D); aedeagus mostly ciliate and separated to leafiness from basally (Figs 10C, 11C); 10th sternite mostly narrow, nearly arcuate, with 1 pair of projections posterolaterally (Figs 10E, 11E). Only characters departing from the diagnosis of the ornatipes species group (Cheng et al. 2009) are provided for brevity., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on page 98, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Cheng, Y., Gao, J. J. & Chen, H. W. (2009) The Stegana ornatipes species group from the Oriental Region (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa, 2216, 37 - 48."]}

Stegana undulata species group Stegana undulata species group: Lu et al. 2011a: 140. Diagnosis. Surstylus not strongly arcuate, mostly with 1 small acute prensiseta submedially on inner margin, lacking setae basally, with dense setae distally (Figs 12A, 13A); 10th sternite erect and expanded distally (Figs 12F, 13F). Only characters that depart from the diagnosis of the undulata species group (Lu et al. 2011a) are provided., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on page 102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Lu, J. M., Gao, J. J., Chen, X. P. & Chen, H. W. (2011 a). The Stegana undulata species group (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Chinese species. European Journal of Entomology, 108, 139 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2011.017"]}

Stegana (Steganina) unguiculata sp. nov. (Figs 2H, 11) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. linnanensis Cheng, Gao & Chen, 2009 from southern China in the colour patterns of body (Fig. 2H) and male terminalia (Fig. 11), but can be distinguished from it by the aedeagus nearly bilobed, with 7 pair of slender processes and thick, long pubescence laterally (Fig. 11C); gonopods with 1 suberect lobe-like process bearing several pubescence (Fig. 11D). However, the minimum interspecific genetic distance is 3.3% to S. hirtifoliacea (Table 2). Description. Male and Female: Pedicel brown medially, black laterally; first flagellomere nearly black. Palpus yellow basally, brown on distal 1/ 3 in male, brown on distal 2/ 3 in female. Mesonotum dark brown medially, brown laterally (Fig. 2H). Katepisternum dark brown on upper part, white-yellow on lower part (Fig. 2H). Scutellum black (Fig. 2H). Legs dark brown to black, yellow on basal part of fore femora and 2nd to 5th tarsomeres. Fore femur with 3 long setae on distal half of posteroventral surface. All abdominal tergites brown (Fig. 2H); all sternites yellowish brown. Male terminalia (Fig. 11 A���E): Epandrium with approximately 22 setae near posterior portion per side. Surstylus broad in lateral view. Cercus lacking pubescence. Tenth sternite with 1 pair of asymmetric projection sublaterally. Plate between hypandrium and aedeagus with 4 sensilla. Aedeagus composed of 1 bilobed medial process with pubescence. Female terminalia (Fig. 11 F���H): Epiproct and cercus with setae, lacking pubescence. Hypoproct pubescent medially, with dense setae along lateral and posterior margins. Eighth sternite glabrous, with a pair of small setae near posterior margin. Measurements. BL = 2.83 mm in holotype (mm in five ♂ and five ♀ paratypes: 2.37���2.83 in ♂, 2.87���3.27 in ♀), ThL = 1.17 mm (1.20���1.30 in ♂, 1.20���1.47 in ♀), WL = 1.83 mm (1.93���2.17 in ♂, 2.00��� 2.23 in ♀), WW = 1.00 mm (1.00��� 1.10 in ♂, 1.07���1.17 in ♀), arb = 7/5 (7���9/5���6), avd = 0.90 (0.60���0.92), adf = 1.67 (1.11���1.83), flw = 2.17 (1.57���2.50), FW/HW = 0.46 (0.34���0.44), ch/o = 0.10 (0.09���0.16), prorb = 0.94 (1.00���1.27), rcorb = 0.59 (0.60���0.91), vb = 0.29 (0.18���0.31), dc1 = damaged (0.31���0.48), presctl = damaged (0.55���0.71), sct1 = 2.00 (1.40��� 1.90), sterno = 1.00 (0.85���1.25), orbito = 2.25 (1.67���2.50), dcp = 0.29 (0.17���0.36), sct1p = 1.30 (1.09���1.42), C = 1.89 (1.71���2.06), 4c = 1.20 (1.00���1.29), 4v = 1.60 (1.50���1.81), 5x = 1.50 (1.18���1.54), ac = 9.00 (7.00���10.05), M = 0.60 (0.43���0.67), C3F = 0.39 (0.50���0.74). Specimens examined. Holotype: ♂ (SCAU, No. 111477), China: Qimaba, L��chun, Yunnan, 22��49'8''N, 102��17'25''E, altitude 1280m, 3,4. viii.2016, tree trunk, HW Chen. Paratypes: China: 3♂, 7♀ (SCAU, Nos 111478 ��� 7), same data as holotype, HW Chen, L Gong, YQ Liu; 1♀ (SCAU, No. 111488), Dashuigou, L��hun, Yunnan, 22��57'19''N, 101��57'4''E, altitude 1310m, 2.viii.2016, tree trunk, HW Chen; 1♂, 1♀ (SCAU, Nos 111540, 41), Jinshan Forest Park, Menglian, Yunnan, 22��20'6''N, 99��34'34''E, altitude 1049m, 24.x.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong; 1♂, 1♀ (KIZ, Nos 0 0 90663, 64), Moli Forest Park, Ruili, Yunnan, 24��7'5''N, 97��58'51''E, altitude 920m, 5.xi.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong; 1♀ (SCAU, No. 124146), Beibeng, Motuo, Xizang, 29��19'N, 95��20'E, altitude 800m, 29.ix.2010, tree trunk, L Wang. Etymology. From the Latin word: unguiculus, referring to the aedeagus with claw-shape processes. Distribution. China (Yunnan, Xizang)., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on pages 100-102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Cheng, Y., Gao, J. J. & Chen, H. W. (2009) The Stegana ornatipes species group from the Oriental Region (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa, 2216, 37 - 48."]}

Stegana (Steganina) pinguifoliacea sp. nov. (Figs 2D, 7) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. longifibula Takada, 1968 in some characters of the body colour patterns (Fig. 2D), but can be distinguished by the male terminalia, in this species, the surstylus without minute projections, except acute apically (Fig. 7A); aedeagus medially expanded in lateral view, strongly narrowed in ventrally (Fig. 7B, C); gonopods nearly vaulted in ventral view (Fig. 7D). The minimum interspecific genetic distance to S. longifibula is 4.3%, which is smaller than to other species (Table 2). Description. Male: Frons black. First flagellomere greish yellow. Clypeus and palpus yellow. Mesonotum brown to dark brown, with 1 thin, unconspicuous, yellow longitudinal stripe medially, yellowish brown laterally. Katepisternum entirely white. Scutellum black. Femur of foreleg with 4 long erect setae near distal part of posteroventral surface. Abdominal tergites nearly black. Male terminalia (Fig. 7): Epandrium slightly protruded ventrally, with ca. 15 setae on posterior portion per side. Surstylus with numerous setulae distally. Cercus lacking pubescence. Paramere with 2 setulae. Tenth sternite flat dorsolaterally. Measurements. BL = 3.01 mm in holotype, ThL = 1.47 mm, WL = 2.95 mm, WW = 1.26 mm, arb = 6/4, avd = 0.62, adf = 1.36, flw = 1.87, FW/HW = 0.41, ch/o = 0.22, prorb = 1.30, rcorb = 0.73, vb = 0.52, dc1 = damaged, presct1 = damaged, sct1 = damaged, sterno = damaged, orbito = 1.73, dcp = 0.35, sct1p = 1.68, C = 2.08, 4c = 1.02, 4v = 1.55, 5x = 1.26, ac = 9.25, M = 0.45, C3F = 0.65. Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 110944), China: Pangquangou, Jiaocheng, Shanxi, 37��04'47''N, 111��30'20''E, altitude 2200m, 30.vii.2016, tree trunk, L Zhu. Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: pinguis and foliaceous, reference to the aedeagus medially expanded in lateral view., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on pages 94-95, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Takada, H. (1968) Drosophila survey of Hokkaido, XXVI. Descriptions of three new species of Drosophilidae from Japan. Journal of the Faculty of General Education, Sapporo University, 1, 119 - 129."]}

Stegana (Steganina) longifibula Takada, 1968 (Fig. 3) Stegana (Steganina) longifibula Takada, 1968: 123. Diagnosis. Surstylus acute apically, with 2 minute projections (Fig. 3A); aedeagus concave medially in lateral view (Fig. 3C); gonopods nearly triangular in ventral view (Fig. 3D). Description. Male: Frons black. First flagellomere greish yellow. Clypeus and palpus yellow. Mesonotum brown to dark brown, with 1 thin, yellow longitudinal stripe medially, yellowish brown laterally. Katepisternum entirely white. Scutellum black. Femur of foreleg with 4 long erect setae near distal part of posteroventral surface. Abdominal tergites dark brown to black medially, brown to dark brown laterally. Male terminalia (Fig. 3): Epandrium slightly protruded ventrally, with ca. 30 setae on posterior portion per side. Surstylus with numerous setulae distally. Cercus lacking pubescence. Paramere with 2 setulae. Tenth sternite convex dorsolaterally. Measurements. BL = 2.90���3.02 mm in 5♂, ThL = 1.26���1.35 mm in ♂, WL = 2.66���3.02 mm in ♂, WW = 1.13���1.21 mm in ♂, arb = 3���4/4���6, avd = 0.61���0.67, adf = 1.21���1.42, flw = 1.74���2.00, FW/HW = 0.36���0.37, ch/o = 0.22���0.25, prorb = 0.29���0.30, rcorb = 0.65���0.83, vb = 0.58���0.72, dcl = 0.57���0.59, presctl = 0.65���0.68, sctl = 1.27���1.30, sterno = 1.29���1.30, orbito = 1.57���1.95, dcp = 0.28���0.30, sctlp = 1.59���1.64, C = 2.09���2.23, 4c = 0.90��� 1.00, 4v = 1.50���1.70, 5x = 1.32���1.69, ac = 6.40���7.77, M = 0.41���0.47, C3F = 0.58���0.61. Specimens examined. China: 1♂ (SCAU, No. 110905), Gangshan Forest Park, Xinbin, Liaoning, 41��37'07''N, 125��24'03''E, altitude 539m, 15.vii.2018, tree trunk, Y Lin; 2♂ (SCAU, Nos 110906, 07), Green Stone Valley Forest Park, Benxi, Liaoning, 41��04'09''N, 124��12'12''E, altitude 570m, 17.vii.2018, tussock, L Gong; 2♂ (SCAU, Nos 110908, 09), Dayangcha, Kuandian, Liaoning, 124��7'01''E, 41��1'48''N, altitude 485m, 23.vii.2018, tree trunk, BX Li. Distribution. China * (Liaoning), Russia (Far East, Europan), Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu), Finland., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on pages 88-89, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Takada, H. (1968) Drosophila survey of Hokkaido, XXVI. Descriptions of three new species of Drosophilidae from Japan. Journal of the Faculty of General Education, Sapporo University, 1, 119 - 129."]}

Stegana (Steganina) biflava sp. nov. (Figs 2I, 12) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. flavichypeata Chen & Chen in Lu et al. 2011a in the yellow clypeus and palpus, and colour patterns of body (Fig. 2I), but can be distinguished by having the face black on upper 2/3, yellow on lower 1/3; aedeagus with triangular opening in ventral view (Fig. 12B). In S. flavichypeata: Face black, with yellow band medially; aedeagus with rhombic opening in ventral view (fig. 24 in Lu et al. 2011a). The minimum interspecific genetic distance to P. flavichypeata is 7.1%, which is smaller than to other species in this group (Table 2). Description. Male and female. Frons black, with orange yellow stripe medially and band submedially. First flagellomere medially grayish yellow on basal half, black on distal half. Mesonotum black, with thin, yellow longitudinal stripes sublaterally (Fig. 2I). Katepisternum entirely white (Fig. 2I). Scutellum black, yellow at tip (Fig. 2I). Veins R 4+5 and M 1 lacking setae on basal section of dorsal surface. Legs white on basal half of all femora, brown on distal 1/3 of foreleg femur, black on distal half of femora and basal half of tibiae of mid and hindleg, yellow on the rest. Fore femur distally with 3 or 4 setae on posteroventral surface. Abdominal tergites 1st to 5th medially brown, laterally yellowish brown, nearly black on 6th tergite in male; all tergites black in female. Sternites yellow to brownish yellow. Male terminalia (Fig. 12 A–F): Hypandrium anteromedially slightly elongated, about 1.2 times as long as width of epandrium, with a few paramedian setae posteroventrally. Gonopods slightly triangular. Aedeagus slightly expanded distally in ventral view, about 3/5 times as long as aedeagal apodeme. Female terminalia (Fig. 12 G–I): Epiproct, cercus and hypoproct with dense setae and pubescence. Eighth sternite glabrous on anterior 2/3 region, with dense setae and pubescence on posterior 1/3 region. Measurements. BL = 3.60 mm in holotype (mm in 2♂ and 3♀ paratypes: 3.67–4.13 in ♂, 4.00– 4.13 in ♀), ThL = 1.73 mm (1.53–2.33 in ♂, 1.87–2.07 in ♀), WL = 3.00 mm (2.80–3.47 in ♂, 3.00– 3.87 in ♀), WW = 1.53 mm (1.40–1.87 in ♂, 1.33–1.60 in ♀), arb = 4/2 (7–8/3–5), avd = 0.50 (0.33–0.89), adf = 2.40 (1.50–1.88), flw = 1.60 (1.40–2.40), FW/HW = 0.51 (0.40–0.50), ch/o = 0.17 (0.16–0.33), prorb = 0.93 (0.82–1.42), rcorb = 0.71 (0.70–1.00), orbito = 1.80 (2.20–3.00), vb = 0.75 (0.18–0.80), sctl = 1.60 (1.25–1.60), sterno = 0.67 (0.50–0.89), sctlp = 1.45 (1.27–1.83), C = 1.92 (1.25–2.00), 4c = 1.50 (1.08–1.40), 4v = 2.38 (1.10–2.00), 5x = 1.50 (1.25– 2.00), ac = 6.00 (6.50–12.00), M = 0.75 (0.50–0.80), C3F = 0.67 (0.67–0.79). Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 111533), China: Mulun, Huanjiang, Guangxi, 25°07'N, 108°02'E, altitude 480m, 16.ix.2015, tree trunk, YQ Liu. Paratypes: China: 2♀ (SCAU, Nos 111534, 35), same data as holotype; 1♂ (KIZ, No. 0090669), Qimaba, Lühun, Yunnan, 22°49'8''N, 102°17'25''E, altitude 1280m, 3.viii.2016, tree trunk, HW Chen; 1♂ (KIZ, No. 0090670), Yakou, Huanglianshan, Lühun, Yunnan, 22°53'40''N, 102°18'17''E, altitude 1900m, 31.x.2016, tree trunk, HW Chen; 2♂, 1♀ (SCAU, Nos 111536 –38), Wengang, Libo, Guizhou, 25°13'N, 107°56'E, altitude 754m, 19.ix.2015, tree trunks, YQ Liu, Y Zhang, L Zhu. Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: bi- + flavus, referring to the yellow clypeus and palpus. Distribution. China (Yunnan, Guizhou).

Stegana (Steganina) hirtifoliacea sp. nov. (Figs 2G, 10) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. unguiculata sp. nov. in the colour patterns of body (Fig. 2G) and male terminalia (Fig. 10), but can be distinguished by the aedeagus with 4 short and thick processes per side (Fig. 10C); sublateral processes of gonopods shorter and broadly separated than in S. unguiculata sp. nov. (Fig. 10D). The minimum interspecific genetic distance to S. unguiculata is 3.3%, which is smaller than to other species (Table 2); see description of S. unguiculata for more detail. Description. Male: Pedicel yellow medially, black laterally; first flagellomere nearly black. Palpus yellow basally, brown on distal 1/ 3 in male. Mesonotum brown (Fig. 2G). Katepisternum dark brown on upper part, whiteyellow on lower part (Fig. 2G). Scutellum black (Fig. 2G). Legs dark brown to black, yellow on basal part of fore femora and 2nd to 5th tarsomeres. Fore femur with 3 long setae on distal half of posteroventral surface. All abdominal tergites brown (Fig. 2G); all sternites yellowish brown. Male terminalia (Fig. 10): Epandrium with ca. 20 setae near posterior portion per side. Surstylus broad in lateral view. Cercus lacking pubescence. Tenth sternite with 1 pair of asymmetric projections sublaterally. Paramere with ca. 2 sensilla. Aedeagus with pubescence. Gonopods with 1 suberect lobe-like process bearing several pubescence. Measurements. BL = 2.80 mm in holotype (1♂ paratype: 2.75), ThL = 1.13 mm (1.26), WL = 2.00 mm (2.65), WW = 1.00 mm (1.21), arb = 6/5 (5/4), avd = 0.60 (0.84), adf = 1.43 (1.02), flw = 1.57 (1.90), FW/HW = 0.31 (0.40), ch/o = 0.13 (0.11), prorb = 1.07 (0.90), rcorb = 0.60 (0.62), vb = 0.25 (0.27), dc1 = damaged (damaged), presct1 = 0.50 (damaged), sct1 = 1.59 (damaged), sterno = damaged (0.87), orbito = 2.25 (1.91), dcp = 0.24 (0.25), sct1p = 1.08 (1.15), C = 2.00 (2.19), 4c = 1.13 (1.42), 4v = 1.57 (1.82), 5x = 1.33 (1.13), ac = 9.00 (7.47), M = 0.50 (0.62), C3F = 0.71 (0.58). Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 124706), China: Dashuigou, L��chun, Yunnan, 22��57'19''N, 101��57'4''E, altitude 1310m, 2.viii.2016, tussock, HW Chen. Paratype: China: 1♂ (SCAU, No. 124709), Mengma, Menglian, Yunnan, 22��12'59''N, 99��22'51''E, altitude 1070m, 15.iv.2018, tree trunk, HW Chen. Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: hirtus + foliaceus, referring to the aedeagus with several setae. Distribution. China (Yunnan)., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on pages 99-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686

Stegana (Steganina) panda sp. nov. (Figs 2C, 6) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. toyaensis Okada & Sidorenko, 1992 in some characters of the male terminalia, but can be distinguished by the mesonotum dark brown, with 1 thin, unconspicuous, yellow longitudinal stripe medially, yellowish brown laterally (Fig. 2C); aedeagus slightly flat apically in ventral view (Fig. 6C, D). The minimum interspecific genetic distance to S. toyaensis is 3.5%, which is smaller than to other species (Table 2). Description. Male: Frons black. First flagellomere yellow on basal 2/3, black on distal 1/3. Clypeus and palpus yellow. Katepisternum entirely white. Scutellum black (Fig. 2C). Femur of foreleg with 4 long erect setae near distal part of posteroventral surface. Abdominal tergites dark brown to black (Fig. 2C). Male terminalia (Fig. 6): Epandrium slightly protruded ventrally, with numerous setae on posterior portion per side. Surstylus with numerous setulae basally. Cercus lacking pubescence. Tenth sternite broadened, with 1 pair of processes submedially. Paramere with 1 setula. Measurements. BL = 4.07 mm, ThL = 1.87 mm, WL = 3.20 mm, WW = 1.50 mm, arb = 8/6, avd = 1.00, adf = 1.11, flw = 1.89, FW/HW = 0.45, ch/o = 0.10, prorb = 1.11, rcorb = 0.84, vb = 0.35, dc1 = 0.64, presct1 = 0.64, sct1 = damaged, sterno = damaged, orbito = 2.83, dcp = 0.18, sct1p = 1.90, C = 2.23, 4c = 0.87, 4v = 1.40, 5x = 1.22, ac = 8.66, M = 0.37, C3F = 0.84. Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 122193), China: Fengtongzhai, Baoxing, Sichuan, 30��32'55''N, 102��53'56''E, altitude 1500m, 18.vii.2017, tree trunk, L Gong. Etymology. Pertaining to the type locality, where Giant Panda was distributed in. Distribution. China (Sichuan)., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on pages 92-93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Okada, T. & Sidorenko, V. S. (1992) New or unrecorded species of Stegana (Steganina) (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from the Old World, especially Japan and Russia. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 60, 655 - 662."]}

Stegana (Steganina) stachydifolia sp. nov. (Figs 2F, 9) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. malanostoma Chen & Chen, 2008 from Hubei, China in the colour patterns of body (Fig. 2F) and some characters of male terminalia (Fig. 9), but can be distinguished by the aedeagus with 1 pair of fringe-like processes ventrally (Fig. 9C, D); gonopods slightly protruded dorsomedially, with a few serrated, minute processes (Fig. 9E, F). The minimum interspecific genetic distance to S. malanostoma is 3.4%, which is smaller than to other species (Table 2). Description. Male: Frons black on upper half, with 1 yellow band medially, brown below. First flagellomere yellow on basal 2/3, black on distal 1/3. Clypeus black medially, yellow laterally. Palpus yellow, slightly brownish apically. Mesonotum brown medially, yellowish brown laterally (Fig. 2F). Katepisternum entirely white. Scutellum brown (Fig. 2F). Foreleg femur with 4 long suberect setae near distal part of posteroventral surface. Abdominal tergites entirely brown (Fig. 2F). Male terminalia (Fig. 9): Epandrium with ca. 24 setae on dorsal to posterolateral portion per side. Cercus lacking pubescence. Surstylus distally with numerous setulae on inner surface. Paramere with ca. 2 setulae. Aedeagus with numerous, thin setae along apical margin and serration processes on dorsal portion. Gonopods with 1 small projection distodorsally in lateral view. Measurements. BL = 2.80 mm in holotype (4♂ paratypes: 2.47���2.67), ThL = 1.33 mm (1.11���1.58), WL = 2.20 mm (1.87���2.00), WW = 1.01 mm (0.87���1.00), arb = 7/4 (7/4���8/4), avd = 0.75 (0.50���0.67), adf = 1.60 (1.43��� 1.80), flw = 2.4 (1.57���2.20), FW/HW = 0.41 (0.40���0.44), ch/o = 0.10 (0.10���0.12), prorb = 0.94 (0.93���1.07), rcorb = 0.63 (0.71���0.79), vb = 0.30 (0.26���0.36), dcl = 0.48 (0.44���0.63), presctl = 0.40 (0.45���0.53), sctl = 1.60 (1.61��� 1.75), sterno = 0.79 (0.75���0.83), orbito = 1.82 (1.50���1.80), dcp = 0.23 (0.22���0.24), sctlp = 2.5 (2.67���3.3), C = 2.06 (2.00���2.07), 4c = 0.89 (0.79���1.07), 4v = 1.42 (1.21���1.79), 5x = 1.16 (1.16���2.00), ac = 8.5 (7.5���8.5), M = 0.37 (0.41���0.43), C3F = 0.71 (0.66���0.84), A = 1.17(1.03���1.17), H = 0.17(0.17���0.22). Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 121491), China: Yixiang, Pu'er, Yunnan, 22��42'N, 101��09'E, altitude 1400m, 2.x.2011, tree trunk, HW Chen. Paratypes: 3♂ (SCAU, Nos 121492 ���94), 13.v.2012, same data as holotype; 1♂ (KIZ, No. 0090662), Guanlei, Mengla, Yunnan, 21��37'39''N, 101��9'55''E, altitude 670m, 14.ix.2012, tussock, JJ Gao; 1♂ (SCAU, No. 124705), Husa, Longchuan, Yunnan, 24��27'37''N, 97��45'9''E, altitude 1227m, 7.ix.2017, tree trunk, HW Chen. Etymology. From the Greek word: stachydifolius, referring to the aedeagus with 1 pair of fringe-like processes. Distribution. China (Yunnan)., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on pages 97-98, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Chen, X. P. & Chen, H. W. (2008) The Stegana coleoptrata species group (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from mainland China. Zootaxa, 1891, 55 - 65."]}

Stegana (Steganina) unguiculata sp. nov. (Figs 2H, 11) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. linnanensis Cheng, Gao & Chen, 2009 from southern China in the colour patterns of body (Fig. 2H) and male terminalia (Fig. 11), but can be distinguished from it by the aedeagus nearly bilobed, with 7 pair of slender processes and thick, long pubescence laterally (Fig. 11C); gonopods with 1 suberect lobe-like process bearing several pubescence (Fig. 11D). However, the minimum interspecific genetic distance is 3.3% to S. hirtifoliacea (Table 2). Description. Male and Female: Pedicel brown medially, black laterally; first flagellomere nearly black. Palpus yellow basally, brown on distal 1/ 3 in male, brown on distal 2/ 3 in female. Mesonotum dark brown medially, brown laterally (Fig. 2H). Katepisternum dark brown on upper part, white-yellow on lower part (Fig. 2H). Scutellum black (Fig. 2H). Legs dark brown to black, yellow on basal part of fore femora and 2nd to 5th tarsomeres. Fore femur with 3 long setae on distal half of posteroventral surface. All abdominal tergites brown (Fig. 2H); all sternites yellowish brown. Male terminalia (Fig. 11 A–E): Epandrium with approximately 22 setae near posterior portion per side. Surstylus broad in lateral view. Cercus lacking pubescence. Tenth sternite with 1 pair of asymmetric projection sublaterally. Plate between hypandrium and aedeagus with 4 sensilla. Aedeagus composed of 1 bilobed medial process with pubescence. Female terminalia (Fig. 11 F–H): Epiproct and cercus with setae, lacking pubescence. Hypoproct pubescent medially, with dense setae along lateral and posterior margins. Eighth sternite glabrous, with a pair of small setae near posterior margin. Measurements. BL = 2.83 mm in holotype (mm in five ♂ and five ♀ paratypes: 2.37–2.83 in ♂, 2.87–3.27 in ♀), ThL = 1.17 mm (1.20–1.30 in ♂, 1.20–1.47 in ♀), WL = 1.83 mm (1.93–2.17 in ♂, 2.00– 2.23 in ♀), WW = 1.00 mm (1.00– 1.10 in ♂, 1.07–1.17 in ♀), arb = 7/5 (7–9/5–6), avd = 0.90 (0.60–0.92), adf = 1.67 (1.11–1.83), flw = 2.17 (1.57–2.50), FW/HW = 0.46 (0.34–0.44), ch/o = 0.10 (0.09–0.16), prorb = 0.94 (1.00–1.27), rcorb = 0.59 (0.60–0.91), vb = 0.29 (0.18–0.31), dc1 = damaged (0.31–0.48), presctl = damaged (0.55–0.71), sct1 = 2.00 (1.40– 1.90), sterno = 1.00 (0.85–1.25), orbito = 2.25 (1.67–2.50), dcp = 0.29 (0.17–0.36), sct1p = 1.30 (1.09–1.42), C = 1.89 (1.71–2.06), 4c = 1.20 (1.00–1.29), 4v = 1.60 (1.50–1.81), 5x = 1.50 (1.18–1.54), ac = 9.00 (7.00–10.05), M = 0.60 (0.43–0.67), C3F = 0.39 (0.50–0.74). Specimens examined. Holotype: ♂ (SCAU, No. 111477), China: Qimaba, Lüchun, Yunnan, 22°49'8''N, 102°17'25''E, altitude 1280m, 3,4. viii.2016, tree trunk, HW Chen. Paratypes: China: 3♂, 7♀ (SCAU, Nos 111478 – 7), same data as holotype, HW Chen, L Gong, YQ Liu; 1♀ (SCAU, No. 111488), Dashuigou, Lühun, Yunnan, 22°57'19''N, 101°57'4''E, altitude 1310m, 2.viii.2016, tree trunk, HW Chen; 1♂, 1♀ (SCAU, Nos 111540, 41), Jinshan Forest Park, Menglian, Yunnan, 22°20'6''N, 99°34'34''E, altitude 1049m, 24.x.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong; 1♂, 1♀ (KIZ, Nos 0 0 90663, 64), Moli Forest Park, Ruili, Yunnan, 24°7'5''N, 97°58'51''E, altitude 920m, 5.xi.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong; 1♀ (SCAU, No. 124146), Beibeng, Motuo, Xizang, 29°19'N, 95°20'E, altitude 800m, 29.ix.2010, tree trunk, L Wang. Etymology. From the Latin word: unguiculus, referring to the aedeagus with claw-shape processes. Distribution. China (Yunnan, Xizang).

Stegana (Steganina) flavivittata sp. nov. (Figs 2J, 13) Diagnosis. This species resembles S. flavipalpata Chen & Chen in Lu et al. 2011a in the yellow clypeus and palpus, and colour patterns of body (Fig. 2J), but can be distinguished by the aedeagus lacking serrated, minute processes basally in lateral view, and with round opening in ventral view (Fig. 13B, C). The minimum interspecific genetic distance to S. flavipalpata is 6.9 % (Table 2). ……continued on the next page Min. intra., minimum intraspecific distance; Max. intra., maximum intraspecific distance; Mean intra. Vari., mean intraspecific variability (standard deviation, SD); Min. inter., minimum interspecific distance; Max. inter., maximum interspecific distance; Mean inter. Vari., mean interspecific variability (SD); NA, not applicable. Description. Male and female. Frons black, with orange yellow stripe medially and band submedially. Frontoorbital plate orange yellow. First flagellomere medially grayish yellow on basal 2/3, black on distal 1/3. Face black on upper 2/3, yellow on lower 1/3. Mesonotum medially brown and with yellow, thin longitudinal stripe, laterally dark brown, with yellow longitudinal stripes and a few patches (Fig. 2J). Katepisternum entirely white (Fig. 2J). Scutellum brownish yellow medially, dark brown to balck laterally (Fig. 2J). Veins R 4+5 and M 1 lacking setae on basal section of dorsal surface. Legs white, brownish knee articulations of fore and hindlegs, and black on distal half of hindleg, distal half of femur and basal half of tibia of midleg. Fore femur distally with 6–8 setae on posteroventral surface. Abdominal 1st to 5th tergites dark brown to black medially, yellow laterally; 6th tergite nearly black. Sternites nearly yellow. Male terminalia (Fig. 13 A–F): Distal part of 10th sternite diamond-shaped, about 1.85 times as wide as long. Hypandrium anteromedially elongated, as long as width of epandrium and with a few paramedian setae posteroventrally. Gonopods slightly rounded apicoomedially. Aedeagus about 0.5 times as long as aedeagal apodeme. Female terminalia (Fig. 13 G–I): Epiproct, cercus and hypoproct with dense setae and pubescence. Eighth sternite mostly glabrous, with several setae and pubescence on posterolateral corners. Measurements. BL = 4.87 mm in holotype (mm in 5♂ and 5♀ paratypes: 3.20–4.67 in ♂, 4.13–4.53 in ♀), ThL = 2.53 mm (1.73–2.40 in ♂, 2.07–2.27 in ♀), WL = 3.47 mm (2.53–3.67 in ♂, 3.00– 3.47 in ♀), WW = 1.73 mm (1.20–1.80 in ♂, 1.33–1.87 in ♀), arb = 10/6 (8–10/4–6), avd = 0.67 (0.67–0.83), adf = 1.80 (1.50–2.00), flw = 1.50 (1.30–2.13), FW/HW = 0.42 (0.36–0.48), ch/o = 0.21 (0.20–0.36), prorb = 0.65 (0.67–1.00), rcorb = 0.87 (0.60–1.10), orbito = 2.14 (1.50–2.33), vb = 0.40 (0.18–0.45), sctl = 1.69 (1.29–2.50), sterno = 1.00 (0.50–0.94), sctlp = 1.25 (1.67–2.50), C = 2.80 (1.59–2.92), 4c = 0.83 (1.00–1.38), 4v = 1.92 (1.77–2.50), 5x = 1.75 (1.50– 2.50), ac = 5.00 (5.50–9.00), M = 0.58 (0.58–1.00), C3F = 0.80 (0.67–0.83). Specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 111489), China: Hesong, Menghai, Yunnan, 21°49′ N, 100°06′ E, altitude 1800m, 7.v.2012, tree trunk, HW Chen. Paratypes: China: 6♂, 5♀ (SCAU, Nos 111490 –500), same data as holotype; 1♂, 4♀ (SCAU, Nos 111501 –05), altitude 1600m, 12.v.2012, same data as holotype; 1♂, 1♀ (SCAU, Nos 111506, 07), Mengyuan, Mengla, Yunnan, 21°43'56''N, 101°23'15''E altitude 876m, 18.xii.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen; 1♀ (SCAU, No. 111508), Wangtianshu Forest Park, Mengla, Yunnan, 21°36'9''N, 101°35'6''E, altitude 640m, 16.iv.2010, tree trunk, HW Chen; 4♀ (SCAU, Nos 111509 –12), Menglai Grand Canyon, Cangyuan, Yunnan, 23°13'20''N, 99°15'4''E, altitude 1240m, 30.x.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong, BX Li; 3♂, 1♀ (KIZ, Nos 0090665–68), Longtan Forest Park, Ximeng, Yunnan, 22°38'44''N, 99°35'39''E, altitude 1145m, 27.x.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong, BX Li; 1♂ (SCAU, No. 111513), Moli Forest Park, Ruili, Yunnan, 24°7'5''N, 97°58'51''E, altitude 920m, 5.xi.2017, tree trunk, L Gong; 1♂, 8♀ (SCAU, Nos 111514 –22), Yixiang, Pu'er, Yunnan, 22°42'N, 101°09'E, altitude 1400m, 13.v.2012, tree trunks, HW Chen; 1♀ (SCAU, No. 111539), Tongbiguan, Yingjiang, Yunnan, altitude 1310m, 19.v.2016, tree trunks, J Huang; 2♀ (SCAU, Nos 111523, 24), Husa, Longchuan, Yunnan, 24°25'19''N, 97°46'38''E, altitude 1227m, 20,21. viii.2016, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong; 2♂, 5♀ (SCAU, Nos 111525 –1), Bangda, Mangshi, Yunnan, 24°7'55''N, 98°13'42''E, altitude 1780m, 8.xi.2017, tree trunks, HW Chen, L Gong, BX Li; 1♀ (SCAU, No. 111532), Botanic Garden, Ruili, Yunnan, 24°4'19''N, 97°49'8''E, altitude 1174m, 22.v.2016, tussock, J Huang; 1♂ (SCAU, No. 111542), Mengdong, Cangyuan, Yunnan, 23°10'8''N, 99°13'52''E, altitude 1320m, tussock, 6.V.2016, J Huang. Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: flavus and vittatus, referring to the mesonotum with yellow longitudinal stripes. Distribution. China (Yunnan).

Stegana (Steganina) toyaensis Okada & Sidorenko, 1992 (Figs 2A, 4) Stegana (Steganina) toyaensis Okada & Sidorenko, 1992: 417. Diagnosis. Mesonotum black medially, brown laterally (Fig. 2A); aedeagus convex apicomedially (Fig. 4C, D). Description. Male: Frons black. First flagellomere orange on basal 2/3, black on distal 1/3. Clypeus and palpus yellow. Katepisternum entirely white. Scutellum black (Fig. 2A). Femur of foreleg with 4 long erect setae near distal part of posteroventral surface. Abdominal tergites nearly black (Fig. 2A). Male terminalia (Fig. 4 A���G): Epandrium slightly protruded ventrally, with ca. 30 setae on posterior portion per side. Surstylus slender, with several setulae distally. Cercus lacking pubescence. Paramere with 1 setula. Tenth sternite broadened, with 1 pair of processes submedially. Female terminalia (Fig. 4 H���J): Epiproct and cercus with setae, lacking pubescence. Hypoproct entirely pubescent, with dense setae along posterior margin. Eighth sternite glabrous on basal 3/4 region, with pubescence and a few of setae on distal 1/4 region. Measurements. BL = 3.27 mm in 1♂, 2.93 mm in 1♀, ThL = 1.42 mm in ♂, 1.54 mm in ♀, WL = 3.32 mm in ♂, 2.59 mm in ♀, WW = 1.21 mm in ♂, 1.23 mm in ♀, arb = 5���7/4���6, avd = 0.65���0.75, adf = 1.26���1.27, flw = 1.76���1.82, FW/HW = 0.30���0.33, ch/o = 0.23���0.25, prorb = 0.27���0.28, rcorb = 0.74���0.90, vb = 0.57���0.60, dcl = 0.57���0.62, presctl = 0.64���0.72, sctl = damaged, sterno = 0.82, orbito = 1.59���1.68, dcp = 0.32���0.33, sctlp = 1.73��� 1.74, C = 1.94���2.08, 4c = 0.95���1.13, 4v = 1.30���1.45, 5x = 1.26���1.63, ac = 8.39���9.92, M = 0.42���0.50, C3F = 0.63��� 0.70. Specimens examined. China: 2♂, 1♀ (SCAU, Nos 110910, 11), Laobiangou, Benxi, Liaoning, 41��04'39''N, 124��30'03''E, altitude 575m, 21.vii.2018, tree trunk, L Gong, NN Wang. Distribution. China * (Liaoning), Japan (Hokkaido)., Published as part of Li, Bingxue, Zhang, Yuan & Chen, Hongwei, 2019, Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with DNA barcoding information (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 81-108 in Zootaxa 4576 (1) on page 89, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2624686, {"references":["Okada, T. & Sidorenko, V. S. (1992) New or unrecorded species of Stegana (Steganina) (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from the Old World, especially Japan and Russia. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 60, 655 - 662."]}