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Muscular problems in leisure and elite sports represent the most common causes for training and competition breaks. This includes not only simple strains, but also complicated injuries. Thus, early recognition of the injury pattern and magnitude is key to successful treatment. The diagnosis is based on the anamnesis and clinical examination, which can be complemented by imaging results. There is currently no general consensus concerning the treatment of muscle injuries and no scientific evidence for the efficacy of various treatment options. The focus of the present paper is injection treatment of muscle lesions. Its use in the relief of pain is part of sports medicine. However, there are currently few publications; in particular studies with larger numbers of cases and randomized studies are needed. An improved scientific database is urgently necessary before a recommendation can be given for further patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]