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Background: Highlighting gender in physical education is particularly important due to the prevalence of gender inequalities and stereotypes in this context. Research Objectives: The purpose of this study is to to analyse the development, trends, and patterns of research on gender in physical education. Methods: This research uses bibliometric analysis. The search was initiated using the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The results of article findings on the Scopus database showed 242 articles, while the WoS database showed 252 articles. Pre-process bibliographic datasets generated with the ScientoPy tools. Findings/Results: This research shows a growing interest in the topic of gender in physical education since 2005, with a peak in 2023. Publications from different disciplines, such as education, social sciences, sport science, and psychology, demonstrate a multidisciplinary approach to addressing gender inequality. The analysis also identified influential authors, including Daniel Mayorga-Vega and Jesús Viciana, who wrote five articles each. Spain was the largest contributing country, with 105 articles. The keyword “physical activity” appeared 15 times, highlighting the focus on the relationship between physical activity and gender. Conclusion: Bibliometric analyses indicate a strong and growing interest in gender research in physical education. Contributions from influential authors and support from key academic journals have fuelled this progress. Emerging patterns and themes highlight the complexity of gender issues in this context, emphasising the need for ongoing research and practical interventions to promote gender equality. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of gender research in this field, offering valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers to create an inclusive and equitable physical education environment.

A limited literature on mixed method research to reveal the effect of blended learning in physical education turn out to be a gap in this research. Therefore, our study aims to investigate the perceptions of teachers about the effects, effectiveness, and challenges of blended learning in physical education classes through mixed-methods research. This study adopted a mixed-methods type with a mixed methods research. There were 12 participants involved in this study, which included elementary school teachers (n=4) and high school teachers (n=4) from Indonesia and elementary school teachers (n=2) and high school teachers (n=2) from Malaysia. The qualitative instrument included in-depth interviews. While, the quantitative instrument used a questionnaire. The qualitative study used statistical analysis with qualitative thematic methods. Meanwhile, in the quantitative study, all responses from 12 analyses were to find the frequency and percentage values of each response. Based on the results of the qualitative study, the majority of teachers perceived that blended learning in physical education classes had a significant effect on the development of students' domains and it was effective to implement physical education learning in elementary schools and high schools. While, results of quantitative study show that the biggest challenges due to the implementation of blended learning in physical education were the lack of technological facilities (86.2%), lack of understanding of teachers and students (72.7%), poor internet connection (64.8%), and limited learning duration in offline classes (50.0%). Therefore, the results of this study are essential and must be evaluated continuously, so that the physical education learning process through blended learning in a sustainable manner can have a positive effect on students at all levels of education in Indonesia and Malaysia or other countries in the world.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh dari metode pelatihan blocked dan random untuk meningkatkan teknik dasar bolavoli pada atlet level pemula. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan the static group pre-test–post-test design dan penelitian dilakukan selama 14 kali pertemuan dengan rincian seminggu tiga kali yaitu pada hari Selasa, Kamis dan Sabtu. Subjek dalam penelitian ini merupakan atlet bolavoli sebanyak 20 orang dari Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes servis, passing atas, passing bawah dan smash. Analisis data pre-test dan post-test menggunakan IBM SPSS 25 dengan taraf signifikansi 0.05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kedua metode pelatihan antara blocked dan random terbukti mempunyai efek yang signifikan untuk meningkatkan teknik dasar bolavoli pada atlet level pemula. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode pelatihan blocked dan random mempunyai karakteristik latihan yang berbeda, namun keduanya dapat digunakan sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan teknik dasar bolavoli pada atlet level pemula.

The purpose of this study is to improve students' mood state and motivation to learn through blended learning versus full online. This research is quantitative with the use of experimental methods. Participants in this study were students from University of Muhammadiyah Malang (n=42) who take physical education courses. The forty-two participants were allocated to the blended learning group (n=21) and full online group (n=21). The instruments in this study used the mood states and motivation questionnaire. The intervention program was carried out for four weeks with three weekly meetings. The raw data in this study will be analyzed using the SPSS application to find the mean and standard deviation, normality test, and homogeneity test. Independent sample t-test was used to test the difference in pre-test and post-test mood state scores and student motivation. The level of significance used in this study is 0.05. The study results found that there was a significant difference in effect between blended learning and full online and the data proved that blended learning had a better effect than full online. This research contributes to developing a learning system that can be used in the new normal era so that lecturers can create optimal lectures.

The study purpose. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the Tabata aquatic training method program in increasing the muscle power of beginner level athletes. Materials and methods. The researcher used a mixed method in this study. There were twenty swimming athletes (n = 20, age: 14.40 ± 1.18 years, height: 169.20 ± 3.18 cm, weight: 62.20 ± 2.26 kg) who agreed to participate in this study and were divided into two groups. The treatment group (n = 10) received the Tabata aquatic program and the control group (n = 10) swam every day without participating in any physical activity. The Tabata aquatic program was carried out for 9 weeks with a frequency of 3 times a week. After implementing the Tabata aquatic program, 10 athletes were interviewed. This study applied a quantitative research instrument, including squat jumps, and a qualitative research instrument, including individual in-depth interviews lasting for 30 minutes each. Analysis of quantitative data using IBM SPSS version 25.0 and qualitative data using thematic analysis was applied. Results. Quantitative study results showed that there was a significant increase in the squat jumps test (leg muscle power) in the treatment group and vice versa, there was no increase in the control group. However, in qualitative research results, most participants mentioned that the Tabata aquatic program is a fun training method and has a positive effect. Conclusions. After carrying out the Tabata aquatic program for 9 weeks, we confirmed that this training method has a great impact on improving athletes’ leg muscle power in swimming.

Study purpose. This study aims to investigate the effect of the peer teaching model on improving the physical literacy of pencak silat athletes. Materials and methods. This study applied a mixed method. Participants were pencak silat male athletes (N=30) who studied at elementary schools in Cianjur district (Indonesia). Participants were divided into an experimental group (n=15) that carried out the peer teaching model and a control group (n=15) that carried out daily teaching routines without participating in any activities. After implementing the peer teaching model, 15 participants were interviewed about the implementation of peer teaching in school model and the benefits of peer teaching. The quantitative research instrument involved physical literacy-movement competence, cognitive and affective domains. Meanwhile, the qualitative research instrument involved in-depth interviews for 30 minutes. Analysis of quantitative data used IBM SPSS. Analysis of qualitative data used thematic analysis. Results. The quantitative study results showed that there was a significant increase in physical literacy in the experimental group (p0.05). The qualitative study results showed that most of participants gave diverse perceptions and all agreed that the peer teaching model could improve the physical literacy of athletes with poor condition. Conclusions. This study concluded that peer teaching is an alternative teaching that can be used during COVID-19 to improve the physical literacy of pencak silat athletes.

Sports coaches hold integral roles in sports organizations. As important figures for athletes, coaches are responsible for maintaining athletes’ motivation which will drive their performances in matches. To motivate athletes, coaches must possess good competence which reflect their quality as coaches. This study analyzes the effect of coach competency on athlete motivation. Coach competency in this study is represented by four indicators: Motivation Competency, Game-strategy Competency, Technique Competency, and Character-building Competency. Each and every indicator’s effect on athlete motivation was investigated. The instrument in this study used a questionnaire with 42 question items. This study is an explanatory research conducted on 114 student basketball athletes in Indonesia as respondents. Data analysis was conducted using SEM-PLS on the WARP-PLS 7 software. The results of this research show that overall, motivation competency, technique competency, character building competency, and game-strategy competency which represents the coach competency variable have a positive effect on athlete motivation (p0.05). Game strategy competency, technique competency, and character building competency has positive effects on athlete motivation (p

The decline in the psychological aspect between the mood state and student self-confidence in the COVID-19 era became a gap in this research. The purpose of this research is try to increasing of two psychological aspects between students' self-confidence and mood state through learning archery with PVC plywood bows. The research method used was experimental and as many as 70 students from Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang were prepared to be subjects in this research. Data analysis used the IBM SPSS version 25.0 application to test descriptive statistics, normality and homogeneity of data and paired sample t-test to determine the increase in mood state and self-confidence state before and after the intervention program. The level of significance chosen was .05. The results of the research found that archery learning with PVC plywood bows had a significant positive effect on increasing two psychological aspects, namely students' mood state and self-confidence. Thus, this research concludes that eventhough there are many obstacles in the learning conditions in the COVID-19 era, then learning archery with PVC plywood bows has been proven to increase of students' mood state and self-confidence for the better.

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the position of teacher creativity in an effort to mediate the influence of the practice of Human Resource Management (HRM) which can be carried out by schools to improve teacher performance. This type of research is an explanatory research and also uses a quantitative approach. The variables in this research include several aspects such as the practice of implementing HRM, Teacher Creativity, and the performance of Sports Physical Education Teachers. This research was conducted by reaching a number of 102 Sports Physical Education teachers consisting of several levels such as elementary, middle, and high schools in Malang City, Malang Regency and Batu City. Information can be obtained by distributing questionnaires either directly (offline) or online. The analysis of data information was carried out by researchers using SEM-PLS with the WARP PLS 7 application Meanwhile, the results of this research indicate the findings that the practice of HRM does not have a direct influence on the performance of Sports Physical Education Teachers with a significance value of 0.30 and the effect of HR Practice on The performance of sports teachers mediated by teacher creativity has a significance value of