18 results on '"Meunier, Fanny"'
Search Results
2. A psychophysical imaging method evidencing auditory cue extraction during speech perception: a group analysis of auditory classification images.
- Author
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Varnet L, Knoblauch K, Serniclaes W, Meunier F, and Hoen M
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- Algorithms, Female, Humans, Male, Signal-To-Noise Ratio, Young Adult, Cues, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods, Psychoacoustics, Speech, Speech Perception physiology
- Abstract
Although there is a large consensus regarding the involvement of specific acoustic cues in speech perception, the precise mechanisms underlying the transformation from continuous acoustical properties into discrete perceptual units remains undetermined. This gap in knowledge is partially due to the lack of a turnkey solution for isolating critical speech cues from natural stimuli. In this paper, we describe a psychoacoustic imaging method known as the Auditory Classification Image technique that allows experimenters to estimate the relative importance of time-frequency regions in categorizing natural speech utterances in noise. Importantly, this technique enables the testing of hypotheses on the listening strategies of participants at the group level. We exemplify this approach by identifying the acoustic cues involved in da/ga categorization with two phonetic contexts, Al- or Ar-. The application of Auditory Classification Images to our group of 16 participants revealed significant critical regions on the second and third formant onsets, as predicted by the literature, as well as an unexpected temporal cue on the first formant. Finally, through a cluster-based nonparametric test, we demonstrate that this method is sufficiently sensitive to detect fine modifications of the classification strategies between different utterances of the same phoneme.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Gray and white matter distribution in dyslexia: a VBM study of superior temporal gyrus asymmetry.
- Author
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Dole M, Meunier F, and Hoen M
- Subjects
- Adult, Anisotropy, Brain Mapping, Case-Control Studies, Dyslexia physiopathology, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Noise, Reading, Temporal Lobe physiopathology, Dyslexia pathology, Speech physiology, Speech Perception physiology, Temporal Lobe pathology
- Abstract
In the present study, we investigated brain morphological signatures of dyslexia by using a voxel-based asymmetry analysis. Dyslexia is a developmental disorder that affects the acquisition of reading and spelling abilities and is associated with a phonological deficit. Speech perception disabilities have been associated with this deficit, particularly when listening conditions are challenging, such as in noisy environments. These deficits are associated with known neurophysiological correlates, such as a reduction in the functional activation or a modification of functional asymmetry in the cortical regions involved in speech processing, such as the bilateral superior temporal areas. These functional deficits have been associated with macroscopic morphological abnormalities, which potentially include a reduction in gray and white matter volumes, combined with modifications of the leftward asymmetry along the perisylvian areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate gray/white matter distribution asymmetries in dyslexic adults using automated image processing derived from the voxel-based morphometry technique. Correlations with speech-in-noise perception abilities were also investigated. The results confirmed the presence of gray matter distribution abnormalities in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the superior temporal Sulcus (STS) in individuals with dyslexia. Specifically, the gray matter of adults with dyslexia was symmetrically distributed over one particular region of the STS, the temporal voice area, whereas normal readers showed a clear rightward gray matter asymmetry in this area. We also identified a region in the left posterior STG in which the white matter distribution asymmetry was correlated to speech-in-noise comprehension abilities in dyslexic adults. These results provide further information concerning the morphological alterations observed in dyslexia, revealing the presence of both gray and white matter distribution anomalies and the potential involvement of these defects in speech-in-noise deficits.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Speech restoration: an interactive process.
- Author
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Grataloup C, Hoen M, Veuillet E, Collet L, Pellegrino F, and Meunier F
- Subjects
- Acoustic Stimulation, Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Female, Functional Laterality, Humans, Male, Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous, Phonetics, Psychoacoustics, Time Factors, Vocabulary, Young Adult, Comprehension physiology, Speech, Speech Perception physiology
- Abstract
Purpose: This study investigates the ability to understand degraded speech signals and explores the correlation between this capacity and the functional characteristics of the peripheral auditory system., Method: The authors evaluated the capability of 50 normal-hearing native French speakers to restore time-reversed speech. The task required them to transcribe two-syllable items containing temporal reversions of variable sizes, ranging from no reversion to complete reversion, increasing by half-syllable steps. In parallel, the functionality of each participant's auditory efferent system was evaluated using contralateral suppression of click-evoked otoacoustic emissions., Results: Perceptual accuracy for time-reversed speech diminished when the size of the applied temporal distortion increased. A lexical benefit was evident, and an important interindividual variability in performance was observed. Functional exploration of the auditory system revealed that speech restoration performances correlated with the suppression strength of the participant's auditory efferent system., Conclusions: These results suggest a clear relation between the functional asymmetry of the auditory efferent pathway (the right-side activity is greater than the left-side activity in right-handed participants) and the comprehension of acoustically distorted speech in normal-hearing participants. Further experiments are needed to better specify how the functionality of the medial olivocochlear bundle can cause phonological activation to be more efficient.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Speech-in-Noise Perception Deficit in Adults with Dyslexia: Effects of Background Type and Listening Configuration
- Author
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Dole, Marjorie, Hoen, Michel, and Meunier, Fanny
- Abstract
Developmental dyslexia is associated with impaired speech-in-noise perception. The goal of the present research was to further characterize this deficit in dyslexic adults. In order to specify the mechanisms and processing strategies used by adults with dyslexia during speech-in-noise perception, we explored the influence of background type, presenting single target-words against backgrounds made of cocktail party sounds, modulated speech-derived noise or stationary noise. We also evaluated the effect of three listening configurations differing in terms of the amount of spatial processing required. In a monaural condition, signal and noise were presented to the same ear while in a dichotic situation, target and concurrent sound were presented to two different ears, finally in a spatialised configuration, target and competing signals were presented as if they originated from slightly differing positions in the auditory scene. Our results confirm the presence of a speech-in-noise perception deficit in dyslexic adults, in particular when the competing signal is also speech, and when both signals are presented to the same ear, an observation potentially relating to phonological accounts of dyslexia. However, adult dyslexics demonstrated better levels of spatial release of masking than normal reading controls when the background was speech, suggesting that they are well able to rely on denoising strategies based on spatial auditory scene analysis strategies. (Contains 2 tables and 5 figures.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. How musical expertise shapes speech perception: Evidence from auditory classification images
- Author
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Varnet, Léo, Wang, Tianyun, Chloe, Peter, Meunier, Fanny, Hoen, Michel, Dynamique Cérébrale et Cognition, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des Sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Laboratoire sur le langage, le cerveau et la cognition (L2C2), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Institut cellule souche et cerveau (U846 Inserm - UCBL1), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), European Project: 267237,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2010-COFUND,SIRG(2012), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut cellule souche et cerveau (SBRI), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Analysis of Variance ,[SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,Article ,musical expertise ,Young Adult ,Professional Competence ,Acoustic Stimulation ,categorisation ,classification images ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,Reaction Time ,Speech Perception ,Humans ,Speech ,Female ,percetion ,syllable ,Music ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
It is now well established that extensive musical training percolates to higher levels of cognition, such as speech processing. However, the lack of a precise technique to investigate the specific listening strategy involved in speech comprehension has made it difficult to determine how musicians' higher performance in non-speech tasks contributes to their enhanced speech comprehension. The recently developed Auditory Classification Image approach reveals the precise time-frequency regions used by participants when performing phonemic categorizations in noise. Here we used this technique on 19 non-musicians and 19 professional musicians. We found that both groups used very similar listening strategies, but the musicians relied more heavily on the two main acoustic cues, at the first formant onset and at the onsets of the second and third formants onsets. Additionally, they responded more consistently to stimuli. These observations provide a direct visualization of auditory plasticity resulting from extensive musical training and shed light on the level of functional transfer between auditory processing and speech perception.
- Published
- 2015
7. Multi-linguistic babble intelligibility for native and non-native listeners: Effect of concurrent language knowledge on lexical access
- Author
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Meunier, Fanny, Gautreau, Aurore, Institut des Sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Laboratoire sur le langage, le cerveau et la cognition (L2C2), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, European Project: 209234,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2007-StG,SPIN(2008), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
lexical decision ,Speech-in-noise ,speech ,babble ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,linguistic interference ,bilinguism ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,masking effect ,speech-in-speech - Abstract
International audience; This research examines the nature of the interference that occurs during speech-in-speech processing for late bilingual listeners. Native French-speaking listeners with Italian as their L2 performed a lexical decision task with French target words presented amid background speech (i.e., 4-talker babble) and nonspeech background noise (i.e., speech-shaped fluctuating noise). We compared the masking effects of babble generated in the listeners’ L1 (French), their L2 (Italian), or an unknown language (Irish) to the masking effects of corresponding fluctuating noise. The fluctuating noise contained spectro-temporal information similar to babble but lacked linguistic information. This design allowed us to compare lexical decision times obtained with the 2 kinds of background noise in each language and thus to assess the linguistic interference caused by babble. Results revealed that babble spoken in the known languages (French and Italian) produced both linguistic and acoustic interference and that babble spoken in the unknown language (Irish) produced acoustic interference only. Furthermore, the L1-French L2-Italian listeners were more strongly affected by the L2 babble than by the L1 babble.
- Published
- 2015
8. Acoustic cues for segmentation resist within speaker variation: An EEG study
- Author
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Pota, Stéphane, Spinelli, Elsa, Boulenger, Véronique, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Meunier, Fanny, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Dynamique Du Langage (DDL), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Linguistique Inter-langues, de Lexicologie, de Linguistique Anglaise et de Corpus (CLILLAC-ARP (EA_3967)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire sur le langage, le cerveau et la cognition (L2C2), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
- Subjects
Segmentation ,speech ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
In order to recognize spoken words, listeners must map sensory information from the acoustic input onto stored lexical entries. Because the speech signal is continuous, listeners must segment the speech stream in order to recognize words. To accomplish the task of segmentation listeners use their tacit knowledge of a wide range of patterns in their native language including cues from allophonic variation, phonotactic constraints, transitional probabilities, lexical stress etc. Among those cues, there is now a growing body of evidence suggesting that fine-grained acoustic information is available for lexical access and used for segmenting the speech stream. Although it is generally agreed that acoustic cues are used on line to segment the speech signal and to bias lexical access, some important questions remained unanswered. First we ought to know whether these cues are robust enough to be used in the context of multiple productions of the same segmentation as speech is by nature variable and listeners are never exposed to invariant speech. The second important open question is that of the timing of the use of the cues.
- Published
- 2011
9. Acoustical cues used to segment phonemically identical speech sequences: An EEG study
- Author
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Pota, Stéphane, Boulenger, Véronique, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Spinelli, Elsa, Meunier, Fanny, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dynamique Du Langage (DDL), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Linguistique Inter-langues, de Lexicologie, de Linguistique Anglaise et de Corpus (CLILLAC-ARP (EA_3967)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
- Subjects
Speech ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2010
10. Understanding speech-in-speech: frequency effects of multi-talker babble on word lexical access
- Author
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Boulenger, Véronique, Hoen, Michel, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Pellegrino, François, Meunier, Fanny, Dynamique Du Langage (DDL), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut cellule souche et cerveau / Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute (SBRI), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Linguistique Inter-langues, de Lexicologie, de Linguistique Anglaise et de Corpus (CLILLAC-ARP (EA_3967)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut cellule souche et cerveau (U846 Inserm - UCBL1), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Ferragne, Emmanuel
- Subjects
Speech ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,[SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2010
11. Speech-in-speech perception and executive function involvement.
- Author
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Perrone-Bertolotti, Marcela, Tassin, Maxime, and Meunier, Fanny
- Subjects
SPEECH perception ,EXECUTIVE function ,SHORT-term memory ,PRIMING (Psychology) ,SENTENCES (Grammar) ,STATISTICAL correlation - Abstract
This present study investigated the link between speech-in-speech perception capacities and four executive function components: response suppression, inhibitory control, switching and working memory. We constructed a cross-modal semantic priming paradigm using a written target word and a spoken prime word, implemented in one of two concurrent auditory sentences (cocktail party situation). The prime and target were semantically related or unrelated. Participants had to perform a lexical decision task on visual target words and simultaneously listen to only one of two pronounced sentences. The attention of the participant was manipulated: The prime was in the pronounced sentence listened to by the participant or in the ignored one. In addition, we evaluate the executive function abilities of participants (switching cost, inhibitory-control cost and response-suppression cost) and their working memory span. Correlation analyses were performed between the executive and priming measurements. Our results showed a significant interaction effect between attention and semantic priming. We observed a significant priming effect in the attended but not in the ignored condition. Only priming effects obtained in the ignored condition were significantly correlated with some of the executive measurements. However, no correlation between priming effects and working memory capacity was found. Overall, these results confirm, first, the role of attention for semantic priming effect and, second, the implication of executive functions in speech-in-noise understanding capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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12. Direct Viewing of Dyslexics’ Compensatory Strategies in Speech in Noise Using Auditory Classification Images.
- Author
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Varnet, Léo, Meunier, Fanny, Trollé, Gwendoline, and Hoen, Michel
- Subjects
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CHILDREN with dyslexia , *ARTICULATION disorders , *PHONEME (Linguistics) , *ALLOPHONES , *LEARNING disabilities , *SYLLABLE (Grammar) - Abstract
A vast majority of dyslexic children exhibit a phonological deficit, particularly noticeable in phonemic identification or discrimination tasks. The gap in performance between dyslexic and normotypical listeners appears to decrease into adulthood, suggesting that some individuals with dyslexia develop compensatory strategies. Some dyslexic adults however remain impaired in more challenging listening situations such as in the presence of background noise. This paper addresses the question of the compensatory strategies employed, using the recently developed Auditory Classification Image (ACI) methodology. The results of 18 dyslexics taking part in a phoneme categorization task in noise were compared with those of 18 normotypical age-matched controls. By fitting a penalized Generalized Linear Model on the data of each participant, we obtained his/her ACI, a map of the time-frequency regions he/she relied on to perform the task. Even though dyslexics performed significantly less well than controls, we were unable to detect a robust difference between the mean ACIs of the two groups. This is partly due to the considerable heterogeneity in listening strategies among a subgroup of 7 low-performing dyslexics, as confirmed by a complementary analysis. When excluding these participants to restrict our comparison to the 11 dyslexics performing as well as their average-reading peers, we found a significant difference in the F3 onset of the first syllable, and a tendency of difference on the F4 onset, suggesting that these listeners can compensate for their deficit by relying upon additional allophonic cues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Let's All Speak Together! Exploring the Masking Effects of Various Languages on Spoken Word Identification in Multi-Linguistic Babble.
- Author
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Gautreau, Aurore, Hoen, Michel, and Meunier, Fanny
- Subjects
PSYCHOLINGUISTICS ,SENSE organs ,AUDITORY pathways ,SIGNAL-to-noise ratio ,PERFORMANCE evaluation ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the linguistic interference that occurs during speech-in-speech comprehension by combining offline and online measures, which included an intelligibility task (at a −5 dB Signal-to-Noise Ratio) and 2 lexical decision tasks (at a −5 dB and 0 dB SNR) that were performed with French spoken target words. In these 3 experiments we always compared the masking effects of speech backgrounds (i.e., 4-talker babble) that were produced in the same language as the target language (i.e., French) or in unknown foreign languages (i.e., Irish and Italian) to the masking effects of corresponding non-speech backgrounds (i.e., speech-derived fluctuating noise). The fluctuating noise contained similar spectro-temporal information as babble but lacked linguistic information. At −5 dB SNR, both tasks revealed significantly divergent results between the unknown languages (i.e., Irish and Italian) with Italian and French hindering French target word identification to a similar extent, whereas Irish led to significantly better performances on these tasks. By comparing the performances obtained with speech and fluctuating noise backgrounds, we were able to evaluate the effect of each language. The intelligibility task showed a significant difference between babble and fluctuating noise for French, Irish and Italian, suggesting acoustic and linguistic effects for each language. However, the lexical decision task, which reduces the effect of post-lexical interference, appeared to be more accurate, as it only revealed a linguistic effect for French. Thus, although French and Italian had equivalent masking effects on French word identification, the nature of their interference was different. This finding suggests that the differences observed between the masking effects of Italian and Irish can be explained at an acoustic level but not at a linguistic level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. The effect of musical expertise on whistled vowel identification.
- Author
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Tran Ngoc, Anaïs, Meyer, Julien, and Meunier, Fanny
- Subjects
- *
VOWELS , *SPEECH perception , *KNOWLEDGE representation (Information theory) , *SPEECH , *EXPERTISE - Abstract
• Musicians and non-musicians process the whistled speech signal differently. • Musical expertise affects whistled vowel perception with advantages for lower vowels. • Inter-whistler variation affects both musicians and non-musicians. • Musical advantages are more marked with a wider whistled production range and stable frequencies. In this paper, we looked at the impact of musical experience on whistled vowel categorization by native French speakers. Whistled speech, a natural, yet modified speech type, augments speech amplitude while transposing the signal to a range of fairly high frequencies, i.e. 1 to 4 kHz. The whistled vowels are simple pitches of different heights depending on the vowel position, and generally represent the most stable part of the signal, just as in modal speech. They are modulated by consonant coarticulation(s), resulting in characteristic pitch movements. This change in speech mode can liken the speech signal to musical notes and their modulations; however, the mechanisms used to categorize whistled phonemes rely on abstract phonological knowledge and representation. Here we explore the impact of musical expertise on such a process by focusing on four whistled vowels (/i, e, a, o/) which have been used in previous experiments with non-musicians. We also included inter-speaker production variations, adding variability to the vowel pitches. Our results showed that all participants categorize whistled vowels well over chance, with musicians showing advantages for the middle whistled vowels (/a/ and /e/) as well as for the lower whistled vowel /o/. The whistler variability also affects musicians more than non-musicians and impacts their advantage, notably for the vowels /e/ and /o/. However, we find no specific training advantage for musicians over the whole experiment, but rather training effects for /a/ and /e/ when taking into account all participants. This suggests that though musical experience may help structure the vowel hierarchy when the whistler has a larger range, this advantage cannot be generalized when listening to another whistler. Thus, the transfer of musical knowledge present in this task only influences certain aspects of speech perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Speech-in-noise perception deficit in adults with dyslexia: Effects of background type and listening configuration
- Author
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Dole, Marjorie, Hoen, Michel, and Meunier, Fanny
- Subjects
- *
SPEECH perception , *DYSLEXIA , *SPEECH disorders , *LISTENING , *SIGNAL-to-noise ratio , *PHONOLOGY - Abstract
Abstract: Developmental dyslexia is associated with impaired speech-in-noise perception. The goal of the present research was to further characterize this deficit in dyslexic adults. In order to specify the mechanisms and processing strategies used by adults with dyslexia during speech-in-noise perception, we explored the influence of background type, presenting single target-words against backgrounds made of cocktail party sounds, modulated speech-derived noise or stationary noise. We also evaluated the effect of three listening configurations differing in terms of the amount of spatial processing required. In a monaural condition, signal and noise were presented to the same ear while in a dichotic situation, target and concurrent sound were presented to two different ears, finally in a spatialised configuration, target and competing signals were presented as if they originated from slightly differing positions in the auditory scene. Our results confirm the presence of a speech-in-noise perception deficit in dyslexic adults, in particular when the competing signal is also speech, and when both signals are presented to the same ear, an observation potentially relating to phonological accounts of dyslexia. However, adult dyslexics demonstrated better levels of spatial release of masking than normal reading controls when the background was speech, suggesting that they are well able to rely on denoising strategies based on spatial auditory scene analysis strategies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Interplay between acoustic/phonetic and semantic processes during spoken sentence comprehension: An ERP study
- Author
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Boulenger, Véronique, Hoen, Michel, Jacquier, Caroline, and Meunier, Fanny
- Subjects
- *
PHONETICS , *SEMANTICS , *SENTENCES (Grammar) , *COMPREHENSION , *EVOKED potentials (Electrophysiology) , *ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY , *ARTICULATION disorders , *SPEECH - Abstract
Abstract: When listening to speech in everyday-life situations, our cognitive system must often cope with signal instabilities such as sudden breaks, mispronunciations, interfering noises or reverberations potentially causing disruptions at the acoustic/phonetic interface and preventing efficient lexical access and semantic integration. The physiological mechanisms allowing listeners to react instantaneously to such fast and unexpected perturbations in order to maintain intelligibility of the delivered message are still partly unknown. The present electroencephalography (EEG) study aimed at investigating the cortical responses to real-time detection of a sudden acoustic/phonetic change occurring in connected speech and how these mechanisms interfere with semantic integration. Participants listened to sentences in which final words could contain signal reversals along the temporal dimension (time-reversed speech) of varying durations and could have either a low- or high-cloze probability within sentence context. Results revealed that early detection of the acoustic/phonetic change elicited a fronto-central negativity shortly after the onset of the manipulation that matched the spatio-temporal features of the Mismatch Negativity (MMN) recorded in the same participants during an oddball paradigm. Time reversal also affected late event-related potentials (ERPs) reflecting semantic expectancies (N400) differently when words were predictable or not from the sentence context. These findings are discussed in the context of brain signatures to transient acoustic/phonetic variations in speech. They contribute to a better understanding of natural speech comprehension as they show that acoustic/phonetic information and semantic knowledge strongly interact under adverse conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Let's all speak together! Exploring the masking effects of various languages on spoken word identification in multi-linguistic babble
- Author
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Michel Hoen, Fanny Meunier, Aurore Gautreau, Dynamique Du Langage (DDL), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Laboratoire sur le langage, le cerveau et la cognition (L2C2), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, European Project: 209234,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2007-StG,SPIN(2008), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Meunier, Fanny, Natural speech comprehension: Comprehension of speech in noise - SPIN - - EC:FP7:ERC2008-10-01 - 2013-09-30 - 209234 - VALID, and École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
- Subjects
Male ,lcsh:Medicine ,Intelligibility (communication) ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,01 natural sciences ,[SHS.STAT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics ,Human Performance ,Psychology ,lcsh:Science ,010301 acoustics ,Language ,Multidisciplinary ,Psycholinguistics ,[SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics ,05 social sciences ,Phonology ,Linguistics ,Sensory Systems ,Auditory System ,[SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,language ,Speech Perception ,Female ,Natural Language ,Research Article ,Adult ,Speech perception ,lexical access ,Foreign language ,050105 experimental psychology ,Speech Acoustics ,Young Adult ,Irish ,Rule-based machine translation ,0103 physical sciences ,Lexical decision task ,Humans ,Speech ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Biology ,intelligibility ,Behavior ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,lcsh:R ,multi-language babble ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,language.human_language ,Communications ,Speech-in-speech ,Language transfer ,speech in noise ,lcsh:Q ,[SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics ,spoken word ,Neuroscience - Abstract
International audience; This study aimed to characterize the linguistic interference that occurs during speech-in-speech comprehension by combining offline and online measures, which included an intelligibility task (at a 25 dB Signal-to-Noise Ratio) and 2 lexical decision tasks (at a 25 dB and 0 dB SNR) that were performed with French spoken target words. In these 3 experiments we always compared the masking effects of speech backgrounds (i.e., 4-talker babble) that were produced in the same language as the target language (i.e., French) or in unknown foreign languages (i.e., Irish and Italian) to the masking effects of corresponding non-speech backgrounds (i.e., speech-derived fluctuating noise). The fluctuating noise contained similar spectro-temporal information as babble but lacked linguistic information. At 25 dB SNR, both tasks revealed significantly divergent results between the unknown languages (i.e., Irish and Italian) with Italian and French hindering French target word identification to a similar extent, whereas Irish led to significantly better performances on these tasks. By comparing the performances obtained with speech and fluctuating noise backgrounds, we were able to evaluate the effect of each language. The intelligibility task showed a significant difference between babble and fluctuating noise for French, Irish and Italian, suggesting acoustic and linguistic effects for each language. However, the lexical decision task, which reduces the effect of post-lexical interference, appeared to be more accurate, as it only revealed a linguistic effect for French. Thus, although French and Italian had equivalent masking effects on French word identification, the nature of their interference was different. This finding suggests that the differences observed between the masking effects of Italian and Irish can be explained at an acoustic level but not at a linguistic level. Citation: Gautreau A, Hoen M, Meunier F (2013) Let's All Speak Together! Exploring the Masking Effects of Various Languages on Spoken Word Identification in Multi-Linguistic Babble. PLoS ONE 8(6): e65668.
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- 2013
18. Gray and white matter distribution in dyslexia: a VBM study of superior temporal gyrus asymmetry
- Author
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Fanny Meunier, Michel Hoen, Marjorie Dole, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut des Sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Laboratoire sur le langage, le cerveau et la cognition (L2C2), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique Du Langage (DDL), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 209234,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2007-StG,SPIN(2008), Dole, Marjorie, Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Meunier, Fanny, and Natural speech comprehension: Comprehension of speech in noise - SPIN - - EC:FP7:ERC2008-10-01 - 2013-09-30 - 209234 - VALID
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Medicine ,Phonological deficit ,Audiology ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,050105 experimental psychology ,Lateralization of brain function ,Temporal lobe ,White matter ,Dyslexia ,03 medical and health sciences ,Superior temporal gyrus ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Humans ,Speech ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,lcsh:Science ,Brain Mapping ,Multidisciplinary ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,05 social sciences ,[SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,lcsh:R ,Voxel-based morphometry ,Superior temporal sulcus ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Temporal Lobe ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Reading ,Case-Control Studies ,[SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,Speech Perception ,Anisotropy ,Female ,lcsh:Q ,medicine.symptom ,[SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics ,Psychology ,Noise ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Research Article - Abstract
International audience; : In the present study, we investigated brain morphological signatures of dyslexia by using a voxel-based asymmetry analysis. Dyslexia is a developmental disorder that affects the acquisition of reading and spelling abilities and is associated with a phonological deficit. Speech perception disabilities have been associated with this deficit, particularly when listening conditions are challenging, such as in noisy environments. These deficits are associated with known neurophysiological correlates, such as a reduction in the functional activation or a modification of functional asymmetry in the cortical regions involved in speech processing, such as the bilateral superior temporal areas. These functional deficits have been associated with macroscopic morphological abnormalities, which potentially include a reduction in gray and white matter volumes, combined with modifications of the leftward asymmetry along the perisylvian areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate gray/white matter distribution asymmetries in dyslexic adults using automated image processing derived from the voxel-based morphometry technique. Correlations with speech-in-noise perception abilities were also investigated. The results confirmed the presence of gray matter distribution abnormalities in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the superior temporal Sulcus (STS) in individuals with dyslexia. Specifically, the gray matter of adults with dyslexia was symmetrically distributed over one particular region of the STS, the temporal voice area, whereas normal readers showed a clear rightward gray matter asymmetry in this area. We also identified a region in the left posterior STG in which the white matter distribution asymmetry was correlated to speech-in-noise comprehension abilities in dyslexic adults. These results provide further information concerning the morphological alterations observed in dyslexia, revealing the presence of both gray and white matter distribution anomalies and the potential involvement of these defects in speech-in-noise deficits.
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- 2013
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