1. Shedding Light on Osteosarcoma Cell Differentiation: Impact on Biomineralization and Mitochondria Morphology
- Author
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Francesca Rossi, Giovanna Picone, Concettina Cappadone, Andrea Sorrentino, Marta Columbaro, Giovanna Farruggia, Emilio Catelli, Giorgia Sciutto, Silvia Prati, Robert Oliete, Alice Pasini, Eva Pereiro, Stefano Iotti, and Emil Malucelli
- Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry ,osteogenic sarcoma ,bone cancer ,osteoblastic differentiation ,biomineralization ,mitochondria ,cryo-XANES ,calcium L-edge ,Organic Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,Spectroscopy ,Catalysis ,Computer Science Applications - Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor and its etiology has recently been associated with osteogenic differentiation dysfunctions. OS cells keep a capacity for uncontrolled proliferation showing a phenotype similar to undifferentiated osteoprogenitors with abnormal biomineralization. Within this context, both conventional and X-ray synchrotron-based techniques have been exploited to deeply characterize the genesis and evolution of mineral depositions in a human OS cell line (SaOS-2) exposed to an osteogenic cocktail for 4 and 10 days. A partial restoration of the physiological biomineralization, culminating with the formation of hydroxyapatite, was observed at 10 days after treatment together with a mitochondria-driven mechanism for calcium transportation within the cell. Interestingly, during differentiation, mitochondria showed a change in morphology from elongated to rounded, indicating a metabolic reprogramming of OS cells possibly linked to an increase in glycolysis contribution to energy metabolism. These findings add a dowel to the genesis of OS giving new insights on the development of therapeutic strategies able to restore the physiological mineralization in OS cells.
- Published
- 2023
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