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We present a study of blue straggler stars (BSSs) of open cluster NGC 7142 using AstroSat /UVIT data and other archival data. Using a machine-learning-based algorithm, ML-MOC, on Gaia DR3 data, we find 546 sources as cluster members. Based on the location on the Gaia colour–magnitude diagram, we identify 10 BSS candidates, also detected in UVIT/ F 148 W filter. We study the variable nature of BSSs by constructing their light curves using the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite data. Two BSSs reported as eclipsing binaries in Gaia DR3 are confirmed to be eclipsing binaries based on our analysis and also show the presence of hot companions as per the multiwavelength spectral energy distributions (SEDs). The physical parameters of the hot companions of these two BSSs derived by fitting binary models to their light curves and those derived from the SEDs are found to be in good agreement. Additionally, five more BSSs in the cluster shows UV excess, four of which are likely to have a hot companion based on SEDs. The hot companions with the estimated temperatures ∼14 000–28 000 K, radii ∼0.01–0.05 R⊙, and luminosities ∼0.03–0.1 L⊙ are inferred to be extremely low-mass (<0.2 M⊙), low-mass (0.2–0.4 M⊙), normal-mass (0.4–0.6 M⊙), and high-mass (>0.6 M⊙) white dwarfs (WDs). For the first time in an open cluster, we find the entire range of masses in WDs found as hot companions of BSSs. These masses imply that the Case-A/Case-B mass transfer and merger are responsible for the formation of at least 60  per cent of the BSSs of this cluster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study an intermediate-age open cluster (OC) NGC 2506 using the ASTROSAT /UVIT data and other archival data. We identified 2175 cluster members using a machine learning-based algorithm, ML–MOC, on Gaia EDR3 data. Among the cluster members detected in UVIT filters, F148W, F154W , and F169M , we detect nine blue straggler stars (BSS), three yellow straggler stars (YSS), and three red clump (RC) stars. We construct multiwavelength spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these objects to characterize them and to estimate their parameters. We discovered hot companions to three BSS, two YSS, and three RC candidates and estimated their properties. The hot companions with estimated temperatures, T eff ∼ 13250–31 000 K, are WDs of extremely low mass (ELM, ∼ 0.20 M⊙), low mass (LM, ∼ 0.20–0.40 M⊙), normal mass (∼ 0.40–0.60 M⊙), and high mass (∼ 0.8 M⊙). We suggest that systems with ELM and LM WDs as companions are formed via Case-A/Case-B mass transfer mechanism. A BSS is the likely progenitor of the high-mass WD, as a star with more than the turn-off mass of the cluster is needed to form a high-mass WD. Thus, systems with a high-mass WD are likely to be formed through merger in triple systems. We conclude that mass transfer as well as merger pathways of BSS formation are present in this cluster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultraviolet (UV) wavelength observations have made a significant contribution to our understanding of hot stellar populations of star clusters. Multiwavelength spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of stars, including ultraviolet observations, have proven to be an excellent tool for discovering unresolved hot companions in exotic stars such as blue straggler stars (BSS), thereby providing helpful clues to constrain their formation mechanisms. Melotte 66 is a 3.4 Gyr old open cluster located at a distance of 4810 pc. We identify the cluster members by applying the ML-MOC algorithm on Gaia EDR3 data. Based on our membership identification, we find 1162 members, including 14 BSS candidates, 2 yellow straggler candidates (YSS), and one subdwarf B candidate (sdB). We generated SEDs for 11 BSS candidates and the sdB candidate using Swift /UVOT data combined with other archival data in the optical and IR wavelengths. We discover a hot companion of one BSS candidate, BSS3, with temperature of 38 000 |$_{-6000}^{+7000}$| K, luminosity of 2.99 |$_{-1.86}^{+5.47}$| L⊙, and radius of 0.04 |$_{-0.005}^{+0.008}$| R⊙. This hot companion is a likely low-mass WD with an estimated mass of 0.24–0.44 M⊙. We report one BSS candidate, BSS6, as an Algol-type eclipsing binary with a period of 0.8006 d, based on the Gaia DR3 variability classification. We suggest that BSS3 is formed via either the Case A or Case B mass-transfer channel, whereas BSS6 is formed via the Case A mass transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NGC 7789 is a ∼1.6 Gyr old, populous open cluster located at ∼2000 pc. We characterize the blue straggler stars (BSS) of this cluster using the Ultraviolet (UV) data from the UVIT/ AstroSat. We present spectral energy distributions (SED) of 15 BSS candidates constructed using multiwavelength data ranging from UV to IR wavelengths. In 8 BSS candidates, a single temperature SED is found to be satisfactory. We discover hot companions in 5 BSS candidates. The hot companions with T eff ∼ 11750–15500 K, R ∼ 0.069–0.242 R⊙, and L  ∼ 0.25–1.55 L⊙, are most likely extremely low mass (ELM) white dwarfs (WDs) with masses smaller than ∼0.18 M⊙, and thereby confirmed post mass transfer systems. We discuss the implication of this finding in the context of BSS formation mechanisms. Two additional BSS show excess in one or more UV filters, and may have a hot companion, however we are unable to characterize them. We suggest that at least 5 of the 15 BSS candidates (33 per cent) studied in this cluster have formed via the mass-transfer mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]