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Molecular analyses based on the comparison of Chirocephalus species mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequences obtained from Algeria, Morocco and France with other available sequences were performed. The analysis clarified the status of the genus Chirocephalus Prévost, 1803 in Algeria and its phylogenetic links with other populations. Three lineages occur in Algeria representing three different species: Chirocephalus salinus Daday, 1910, C. sanhadjaensis Boumendjel, Rabet and Amarouayache, 2018 and a new species sampled in Reghaïa (Alger, Algeria) near Algiers. All these species, belonging to the "diaphanus" group, seem to be endemic to Algeria except C. salinus also present in France (Corsica). The new species C. algeriensis sp. n. is described and its affinities with other species of the genus are presented. This species is until now restricted to Algiers region and shares several characters with C. diaphanus Prévost, 1803. It is separated from all other species by the shape and size of the second antennal appendages of the male and the female. The resting eggs of C. algeriensis sp. n. are morphologically similar to those of many Chirocephalus but a variation of size of eggs can be used at a specific level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new species, Cerviniella bisegmenta sp. nov. and C. permixta sp. nov., are described in detail with illustrations based on females from the Korean Yellow Sea. These species lacking the fourth leg endopod belong to the mirabilipes group, one of two species groups within the genus Cerviniella Smirnov, 1946. Both species can be distinguished from each other by the surface ornamentation of the cephalothorax, shape of the rostrum tip, antennule segments, armature formula of thoracic legs 1-4, and length ratio of the caudal rami. Cerviniella bisegmenta sp. nov. is characterized by a short caudal ramus and a two-segmented antennary exopod, which are unique within the genus. Cerviniella permixta sp. nov. differs from other congeners of the mirabilipes group by the seven-segmented antennule, the armature formulae of the exopod of the antenna and thoracic legs 1-4, and the modified apical inner element of the second endopodal segment of the second leg. The present study is the first to identify the genus Cerviniella in Korean waters, resulting in extension of its distribution area to East Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fairy shrimp genus Parartemiopsis Rogers, 2005 currently contains a single species reported from Russia and Mongolia. In 2013, an unidentified Parartemiopsis population was reported from the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau in China's Yunnan Province, from Patatson National Park in Shangri-La County. Here, we describe the Chinese populations as a new species, Parartemiopsis shangrilaensis sp. nov. This new species is distinguished from its congener, P. longicornis (Smirnov, 1930), by the form of the male second antennae and the gonopod. The discovery of P. shangrilaensis sp. nov. extends the known distribution of the genus, and more Parartemiopsis species may be found in the future. We present a key to the genera and species of Chirocephalidae in China as an aid to future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The large branchiopod crustacean fauna (fairy shrimp, tadpole shrimp and clam shrimp) of the Neotropical Bioregion are incompletely known, with scattered records for many taxa, and many new taxa discovered and described regularly. As an aid to furthering our knowledge of the group in this region, we present an assortment of notes and records on various Neotropical taxa. We present our information in the form of a checklist, listing all reported species, with a review of their known distribution, with 56 new distributional records for 29 taxa. We also include a revised description of Spiralifrons mira based on new material from Brazil, and provide important comments on the Leptestheriidae, reducing Strakrabiidae, Straskrabia, and Brtekia to synonymy. The information presented here will assist in additional studies, surveys, and conservation, as well as help develop a biogeographical understanding of this vast region. Thus, we have compiled these records so that it will be available to other researchers. Future survey efforts will undoubtedly reveal additional records and taxa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brackish-water calanoid copepod known as Pseudodiaptomus inopinus in the mainland of Japan consists of two genetically separate species. One is P. japonicus, which was once synonymized with P. inopinus but was recently revived. This paper describes the other species as Pseudodiaptomus yamato n. sp., which is confirmed to have morphological differences from P. inopinus s.s. based on specimens from the type locality (Lake Taihu, China) of the latter. We also redescribe P. japonicus and P. inopinus s.s. for comparative purposes. The three species are distinguishable by the combination of the following morphologies: 1) weak or prominent posterior round projections of the female last pediger; 2) relative length of posterior processes of the female genital operculum; 3) presence or absence of medial spinules on the first exopodal segment of the female leg 5; and 4) the size of spinules at the center of the ventral surface of the male second urosomite. Significant inter-population variation is observed in some spinules of P. japonicus. The past and present records indicate that Pseudodiaptomus yamato n. sp. is endemic to Japan and confined to the coasts affected by the warm Kuroshio Current from western Kyushu to the middle of Honshu, while P. japonicus is widespread in northern East Asia without overlapping the range of P. yamato n. sp. The range of Pseudodiaptomus inopinus s.s. most certainly does not extend to those of P. yamato n. sp. and P. japonicus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]