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Fifteen species of Agistemus Summers were previously reported from Brazil. Herein, Agistemus bahiensissp. nov. is described and illustrated from specimens collected on Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae), Euterpe oleracea Mart. and Polyandrococos caudescens (Mart.) Barb. Rodr. (Arecaceae) at the Southern Coastal Region of the state of Bahia, Brazil, between April 2007 and August 2017. The new species mainly differs from all other similar species by having a pattern of longitudinal striae as a band of dashes on the hysterosomal shield. It can also be distinguished by the dorsal setae measurements and the distances between them, being all dorsal setae of equal size in the new species (22–29), except for ve, which exceeds 30 (29–35), with none of them reaching the bases of the subsequent setae. Dorsal setae are always greater than 30 and ve is always greater than 55 (56–80) in the other five similar species. A key to Brazilian species of the genus is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Leonseius Chant & McMurtry (Phytoseiidae: Typhlodrominae) was proposed to accommodate Typhloseiopsis regularisDe Leon, 1965, a species with a troubled taxonomic history that was previously classified in the genera Typhlodromus Scheuten, Diadromus Athias-Henriot and Chanteius Wainstein. Due to its Amblyseius-like appearance (long s4, Z4 and Z5, most other setae minute; atypical for a typhlodromine), the poor descriptions of reproductive structures (spermatheca, spermatodactyl), and probably also because at the time it was a monotypic genus, researchers over the years have based the species-level identification of Leonseius regularis mainly on dorsal and ventral idiosomal chaetotaxy and setal length. In a survey of phytoseiid mites conducted in cacao plantations (Theobroma cacao L.: Malvaceae) of the municipality of Ilhéus, Bahia, northeastern Brazil, we identified two distinct morphotypes among specimens initially identified as L. regularis. Herein we provide new morphological data for L. regularis to complement the original description and previous redescriptions, and then describe Leonseius elbanhawyi Carvalho, Ferragut & Oliveira sp. nov., from cacao, distinguishing it from L. regularis by its spermatheca and spermatodactyl. Also, the diagnosis of Leonseius is amended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]