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Rumohra aconquijana sp. nov., a restricted endemism of the Montane Jungle district (700-1,500 m asl; Yungas biogeographic province) is reported, described and illustrated. Rumohra aconquijana grows as epiphyte on Ocotea porphyria (Lauraceae) and Sambucus peruviana (Viburnaceae) in humid terraces and slopes of the cloud forest. The new species differs from the widespread R. adiantiformis, especially by the dissection of the laminae, the shape and size of the pinnules. Also, there are differences with all Argentinean and Bolivian and Chilean species of Rumohra in the ornamentation of the perispore, which is folded with few folds, partially fused, narrow and with ridged margins. Here, we present the first species of Rumohra endemic from Argentinean Yungas, as well as a key to identifying the species occurring in Argentina and Bolivia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Laportea aestuans (Urticaceae) is an herb possibly native to Madagascar (Africa) and widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics of the world. In the Americas, it have been reported as a weed from southern United States of America and throughout Central America to South America in Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil. The aim of this paper was to report the presence of L. aestuans in Argentina for the first time. M&M: For the morphological description and illustrations, live plants from our collections were studied in addition to other herbarium specimens. Our specimens were deposited in the Herbarium LIL. Type and non-type specimens preserved in BR, COL, K, LINN and the original description were analyzed. Results: A morphological description of the species is provided together with illustrations, photographs and a key to differentiate Laportea from the other genera of Urticaceae present in Argentina. Conclusions: The presence of L. aestuans in Argentina is recorded for the first time. According to previous research, it is a species that exhibits a potentially invasive behavior, so there is the possibility that it may establish itself as a weed in natural environments and cause detrimental impacts on biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caiophora vallegrandensis, a new species endemic to a small area of the Sierras de Calilegua (Jujuy, Argentina) and closely related to the informal group Caiophora lateritia, is described and illustrated. The new taxon is characterized by its broadly triangular, pinnatisect to bipinnatisect sepals and green dorsal appendages of nectar scales. A key to differentiate Argentine, Bolivian, and Peruvian related species is provided, as well as information on geographic distribution, habitat and conservation status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]