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Charu Sharma,1 Abubaker Suliman,2 Sania Mazin AL Hamad,3 Javed Yasin,1 Mohamed Abuzakouk,4 Juma AlKaabi,1 Elhadi Husein Aburawi3 1Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; 2Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; 3Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; 4Department of Immunology & Allergy, Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesCorrespondence: Elhadi Husein Aburawi, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates, Email e.aburawi@uaeu.ac.aeObjective: The United Arab Emirates (UAE), with its characteristic local population, geography, and history, presents several risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in obese individuals. Obesity and its associated complications, including diabetes, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and CVDs leading to significant health risks. In the present study, “Youths” defined as young people between 18 and 22 years. We assessed dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress biomarker levels and their association with endothelial dysfunction (ED) in both overweight/obese and normal weight youths of UAE.Methods: There were 160 youths with overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) patients and healthy age- and sex-matched normal weight (BMI ≤ 24.9 kg/m2) as controls participated in this study. The anthropometric data and blood samples were collected to assess the biomarkers for dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, ED from all the youths.Results: The overall mean age and male-to-female ratio were 20± 1.5years and 1.0:1.2, respectively. There was statistically significant difference in HDL-C (p< 0.001), triglycerides (TG) (p< 0.001), ApoA (p=0.002), ApoB/ApoA ratio (p=0.009) between the overweight/obese and normal weight youths. Among, inflammatory markers: hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α also showed significant p< 0.001 and oxidative stress markers: DNA/RNA Damage, catalase and nitric oxide (NO) showed significant p< 0.001 between groups. Spearman correlation of ED markers with lipid profile markers showed Vitamin C levels positively correlated with HDL-C (p< 0.001) and negatively correlated with glucose (p< 0.001). ICAM-1showed significant negative correlation with HDL-C (p< 0.01) and ApoA (p< 0.001) but positive correlation with TG (p< 0.01) and HbA1c (p< 0.001) among groups. Spearman correlation of ED markers with inflammatory/oxidative stress biomarkers showed Vitamin C levels negatively correlated with ferritin (p < 0.001), NO (p < 0.001), GGT (p < 0.001), and ALT (p < 0.001) levels. The ICAM-1showed significant positive correlation with hs-CRP (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p < 0.001), TNF-α (p < 0.01), GGT (p < 0.05), and ALT (p < 0.05) in both groups.Conclusion: This study revealed a strong link between the biomarkers of dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress with ED in overweight/obese patients. This study might be used to predict future cardiovascular events in this population.Keywords: dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, obesity, youth

Charu Sharma,1 Abubaker Suliman,2 Sania Mazin AL Hamad,3 Javed Yasin,1 Mohamed Abuzakouk,4 Juma AlKaabi,1 Elhadi Husein Aburawi3 1Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; 2Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; 3Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; 4Department of Immunology & Allergy, Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesCorrespondence: Elhadi Husein Aburawi, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates, Email e.aburawi@uaeu.ac.ae

Javed Yasin,1,&ast; Charu Sharma,1,&ast; Muhammad Jawad Hashim,2 Sania Al Hamed,3 Juma AlKaabi,1 Elhadi H Aburawi3 1Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; 2Departments of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; 3Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Elhadi H Aburawi; Juma AlKaabi, Email e.aburawi@uaeu.ac.ae; jalkaabi@uaeu.ac.aeBackground: Childhood obesity is most prevalent nutritional disorder worldwide. Studies on clinical correlations between body fat (BF) composition, lipid profile, inflammatory biomarkers, and endothelial dysfunction (ED) parameters in children from United Arab Emirates (UAE) are limited. Therefore, we aimed to study obesity pattern in children and determine clinical correlations with biomarkers.Methods: Children (6– 13 years) from different schools were divided into obese, overweight, and normal groups based upon Centers for Disease Control and Prevention weight-for-age centiles study (n=166). Anthropometric, BF composition, lipid profile, inflammatory, and ED biomarkers were determined and analyzed using SPSS software.Results: The mean age and weight ± SD of participants were 10.6 ± 2.6 years and 48.2 ± 19.5 kg with 65% as overweight or obese. In normal, overweight, and obese group male were 40 (70.2%), 35 (67.3%), and 40 (70.2%) and female were 17 (29.8%), 17 (32.7%) and 17 (29.8%). There was significant difference in age (p< 0.01), height (p< 0.01), weight (p< 0.01) among groups. Obesity markers (MCP-1, leptin, adiponectin) showed positive correlation with age, height, weight, WC, BF%, body fat mass (BFM), body muscle mass (BMM). A significant correlation (all p< 0.01) of BMM with SBP (r=0.412), DBP (r=0.255), MCP-1 (r=0.558), adiponectin (r=0.635), hs-CRP (r=0.263), IL-6 (r=0.348), TNF-alpha (r=0.370), ICAM-1 (r=0.237), and VCAM-1 (r=0.343). The inflammatory markers (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) showed significant correlations with age, height, weight, WC, BF%, BFM, BMM. Leptin significantly (all p< 0.01) correlated with age (r=0.470), height (r=0.423), weight (r=0.677), WC (r=0.606), BF (r=0.700), BFM (r=0.752), and BMM (r=0.524) and negatively correlated with TBW (r=− 0.701). Adiponectin also showed a significant (all p< 0.01) positive correlation with age, height, weight, WC, BF, BFM, and BMM.Conclusion: A strong association between BF composition, lipid profile, and inflammatory and ED biomarkers was observed in the study. Thus, immediate measures should be implemented to reduce risk of obesity and associated diseases.Keywords: body fat, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, obesity, children