155 results on '"special issues"'
Search Results
2. Impact of the special issues in sport management and sociology journals.
- Author
-
Scelles, Nicolas
- Subjects
SPORTS administration ,SOCIOLOGY ,ESPORTS ,PERIODICAL publishing - Abstract
There is a lack of evidence of the impact of the special issues (SIs) published in sport management and sociology journals compared to "normal" issues, as well as the differing impacts of different SIs. This review analyses the impact of the SIs published in these journals over the 2014–2020 period. Two analyses were conducted based on Scopus data: "raw" and "relative" (SI cites divided by journal cites outside the SI). 205 SIs were identified, of which 180 had a CiteScore. SIs are more impactful than "normal" issues, in particular when they have an appropriate focus (broad enough but not too diluted). Besides, the mix between reviews and esports appears particularly impactful, as exemplified by the reviews published by Sport Management Review in 2018. A SI has a higher impact if it has an appropriate focus on a trendy topic and includes reviews. The review evidences the impact of the SIs in sport management and sociology journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Special Issues in hospitality and tourism management journals
- Author
-
Steinberg, Reece and Boettcher, Jennifer C.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Analysis of the Comprehensive Influence of Science and Technology of Cereals, Oils and Foods in the Past 10 Years
- Author
-
YOU Meng-chen, LI Si-yuan, and TAN Hong-zhuo
- Subjects
scientific journals ,influence ,new media ,special issues ,international manuscripts ,journal development ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Through the research on academic, social and industrial influences of Science and technology of cereals, oils and foods, focusing on the situation of journal manuscripts, academic influence indicators, new media indicators and industrial influence indicators, this papre systematically analyzed 17 items including the structure and number of papers, downloads and citations, publishing timeliness, WeChat and official website operation, authors and distribution groups, domestic and foreign media attention, database inclusion and awards, et al, which were collected from the past 11 years and new media since its establishment. The practical effects of the journal's reform measures from multiple dimensions since 2019 have been comprehensively verified and objectively evaluated, which grasped the development trend of the journal.These analysis could provide a data reference for adjustment the focus of journal work, optimization reform measures, improvement the quality of journals, expansion academic influence and enhancement the status of disciplines.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Chocolate Eaters Do Not Necessarily Win a Nobel Prize—Authors in Special Issues Do Not Necessarily Publish Lower Quality Papers
- Author
-
Nino Künzli, Christopher Woodrow, Anke Berger, Katarzyna Czabanowska, Licia Iacoviello, Raquel Lucas, Andrea Madarasova Geckova, Sonja Merten, Olaf von dem Knesebeck, Sarah Mantwill, Salvatore Panico, Lyda Osorio, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Paolo Chiodini, L. Suzanne Suggs, and Jean Coulibaly
- Subjects
editorial policies ,science funding policies ,peer review ,special issues ,regular issues ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Interdisciplinary Treatment of Malignant Chest Wall Tumors.
- Author
-
Khamitov, Koblandy, Dudek, Wojciech, Arkudas, Andreas, Haj Khalaf, Mohamed, Parjiea, Chirag, Higaze, Mostafa, Horch, Raymund E., and Sirbu, Horia
- Subjects
- *
PLASTIC surgeons , *SURGICAL excision , *SURGICAL complications , *OVERALL survival , *SURVIVAL rate - Abstract
Background: Chest wall resections for malignant chest wall tumors (MCWTs), particularly those with full-thickness chest wall involvement requiring reconstruction, present a therapeutic challenge for thoracic and plastic reconstructive surgeons. The purpose of this study was to review our experience with chest wall resection for primary and metastatic MCWTs, with a focus on perioperative outcomes and postoperative overall survival (OS). Methods: All patients who underwent surgical resection for primary and secondary MCWTs at our single institution between 2000 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 42 patients (25 male, median age 60 years) operated upon with curative (n = 37, 88.1%) or palliative (n = 5, 11.9%) intent were reviewed. Some 33 (78%) MCWTs were of secondary origin. Chest wall reconstruction was required in 40 (95%) cases. A total of 13 (31%) patients had postoperative complications and one (2.3%) died perioperatively. The 5-year postoperative overall survival rate was 51.9%. The postoperative 5-year survival rate of 42.6% in patients with secondary MCWTs was significantly lower compared to the figure of 87.5% in patients with primary MCWTs. Conclusions: In well-selected patients, chest wall resections for primary and secondary MCWTs are feasible and associated with good perioperative outcomes. For secondary MCWTs, surgery can also be performed with palliative intent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. 《粮油食品科技》近10 年 综合影响力分析.
- Author
-
尤梦晨, 李思源, and 谭洪卓
- Subjects
SOCIAL influence ,DATABASES ,UNIVERSITY research ,REFORMS ,MANUSCRIPTS ,ELECTRONIC journals ,CORPORATE websites ,CEREALS as food - Abstract
Copyright of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods is the property of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Chocolate Eaters Do Not Necessarily Win a Nobel Prize--Authors in Special Issues Do Not Necessarily Publish Lower Quality Papers.
- Author
-
Künzli, Nino, Woodrow, Christopher, Berger, Anke, Czabanowska, Katarzyna, Iacoviello, Licia, Lucas, Raquel, Geckova, Andrea Madarasova, Merten, Sonja, von dem Knesebeck, Olaf, Mantwill, Sarah, Panico, Salvatore, Osorio, Lyda, Ribeiro, Ana Isabel, Chiodini, Paolo, Suggs, L. Suzanne, and Coulibaly, Jean
- Subjects
CHOCOLATE ,OPEN access publishing ,COVID-19 pandemic ,NOBEL Prizes ,EDITORIAL policies - Abstract
This article provides a commentary on the challenges faced by scientific publishing, particularly in relation to special issues (SI) in academic journals. The authors argue against the notion that articles in SI are of lower quality compared to regular publications, emphasizing the importance of rigorous peer review and independent science-based editors in maintaining publication standards. They express concern about a public funding agency's policy of discontinuing funding for articles published in SI without assessing their quality. The authors defend the editorial freedom of independent journals and propose solutions that support high-quality open access publishing. The document, published in the International Journal of Public Health, outlines the terms and conditions for the use, distribution, and reproduction of the article, stressing the need to properly credit the original author and copyright owner when utilizing the article in other contexts. It also emphasizes compliance with these terms for any use, distribution, or reproduction. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Issues About Marketing Journals’ Special Issues
- Author
-
Salim Moussa
- Subjects
special issues ,marketing journals ,issues ,publishing ethics ,Marketing. Distribution of products ,HF5410-5417.5 ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
A special issue (SI) of an academic journal is a collection of articles on a specific research topic or theme, guest-edited by experts in the field. These SIs are becoming increasingly popular among marketing journals. Surprisingly, this group includes the discipline’s top-tier and top journals. But, what are the consequences of the profusion of SIs, particularly in marketing’s most prestigious/reputable journals? What are the disadvantages of SIs’ new incursion, and sometimes even dominance? In this paper, the author investigates the SIs published over the last five years (i.e., 2018-2022) in marketing’s top and top-tier journals. The aim of doing so is to draw attention to SI-related issues such as space allocation, intellect left to rot, command economy of ideas, over-fragmentation/specialization of marketing, and publication ethics.
- Published
- 2022
10. Gender bias in special issues: evidence from a bibliometric analysis.
- Author
-
Formanowicz, Magdalena, Witkowska, Marta, Hryniszak, Weronika, Jakubik, Zuzanna, and Cisłak, Aleksandra
- Abstract
Even though the majority of psychologists are women, they are outnumbered by men in senior academic ranks. One reason for this representation bias in academia is that men favor other men in decision-making, especially when the stakes are high. We tested the possibility of such bias in a bibliometric analysis, in which we coded editors' and authors' gender in regular and special issues, the latter considered of higher scientific prominence. We examined all special issues from five prominent scientific outlets in the fields of personality and social psychology published in the twenty-first century. Altogether, we analyzed 1911 articles nested in 93 sets comprising a special issue and a neighboring regular issue treated as a control condition. For articles published in special (but not regular) issues, when there were more men editors, more men first-authored and co-authored the work. This pattern suggests how gender bias can be perpetuated within academia and calls for revising the editorial policies of leading psychology journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Bring your paper into the 'Fast Lane' of the editorial process and increase your changes for final acceptance in Micron, The International Research and Review Journal for Microscopy – Part II.
- Author
-
Braet, Filip, Romani, Roberto, Hofer, Ferdinand, Kaiser, Ute, and Egerton, Ray
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Editorial Mentorship and Special Issues.
- Author
-
Mandinach, Ellen B.
- Subjects
- *
HISTORY of publishing , *COLLEGE teachers , *MENTORING , *RISK-taking behavior - Abstract
This article describes how mentorship and editorial guidance is important in the development and production of special issues of journals. Editors need to recognize the potential of emerging topics of interest in the field and sometimes take risks to publish cutting edge issues. Teachers College Record has a history of publishing outstanding and informative special issues. This article outlines the process for the development of one such special issue and credits the editors for their assistance and insights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. KUZEY KIBRIS TÜRK CUMHURİYETİ HUKUKUNDA AVUKATLIK ÜCRETİNE İLİŞKİN ÖZEL MESELELER.
- Author
-
BEYDOLA, Aysun
- Subjects
JUSTICE administration ,LEGAL procedure ,LAWYERS ,ADMINISTRATIVE fees ,CIVIL law ,LAWYERS' fees - Abstract
Copyright of Hacettepe Law Review is the property of Hacettepe Law Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Current Status and Plans for Further Development of Acta Informatica Pragensia
- Author
-
Zdenek Smutny and Stanislava Mildeova
- Subjects
journal ,information ,applied informatics ,editorial board changes ,special issues ,statistics ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
The editorial summarizes the development of the Acta Informatica Pragensia journal over the last four years (2019-2022). Thanks to the indexing of the journal in the Scopus citation database since 2019, the journal has not only consolidated its position in Central Europe but also began to build its position in the international community of informaticians. The paper presents Scopus metrics and statistics of submitted and accepted articles for the observed period of four years. Furthermore, it presents Acta Informatica Pragensia in the context of other informatics-oriented journals published in the Czech Republic and indexed in the Scopus or Web of Science citation databases. An overview of the main changes over the given period and plans for the further development of the journal are presented at the end of the paper.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The recent changes of Economic Notes, 2019–2021.
- Author
-
Ferri, Giovanni
- Subjects
ECONOMIC change ,FEED quality ,CONTINUITY - Abstract
We assess that the passage of Economic Notes' property from the founding Bank Monte dei Paschi di Siena to Wiley occurred smoothly, and behind formal discontinuities, a real continuity occurred. Over the years 2012–2019, Economic Notes had starved because the difficulties of Monte obstructed the regular flow of financial support. The survival of the Journal was achieved through editorial innovations through attractive Calls for Papers and the ensuing quality submissions to feed Special Issues. These efforts restored the good health of Economic Notes when its ownership switched, and in the final 3 years considered here (2019–2021), the Journal showed no sign of worsening performance. Thus, we may state that the lifesaver passage under Wiley's ownership was not the swan song but the Journal is still alive and well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The years of Monte dei Paschi's disengagement 2012–2019.
- Author
-
Ferri, Giovanni and Fiorito, Luca
- Subjects
NEW business enterprises - Abstract
We review the critical phase of Economic Notes focusing on the years from 2012 to 2019 when the Journal suffered from the progressive disengagement by its founder, the Monte dei Paschi di Siena. The main reason for that gradual detachment is identified in the performance difficulties Monte was suffering from. Against the progressive fading away of the support provided by the Bank, the Journal entered a halo of the potential crisis itself. However, soon some measures were taken to allow Economic Notes to develop new and autonomous ways to project its own future. Specifically, we outline how the major changes in the structure of the Editorial Board were conducive to launching a new phase in which the Journal learned to rely more and more on low‐cost ways to gain visibility and attract quality submissions. That new strategy materialized through the widespread adoption of repeated Calls for Papers to generate the consequent Special Issues. The topics selected for the Calls for Papers were selected with a view at themes that were policy‐relevant and, whenever possible, not too far from the potential interest of Monte dei Paschi. We show that those Special Issues were functional to engineer a recovery in the Journal's performance. It was essentially owing to that resumed good health and recovered resonance that when Monte finally abandoned it Economic Notes was by and large equipped for the new venture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Tbilisi's "Sounds Of Silence"—(In)action in the policy ≠ embodiments of environmental education.
- Author
-
Payne, Phillip G.
- Subjects
- *
ENVIRONMENTAL education , *PRAXIS (Process) , *INTERDISCIPLINARY education , *EDUCATION policy , *EDUCATION research - Abstract
Based in the 1977 Tbilisi formalization of Environmental Education (EE), this memory-work study of contemporary silences in Environmental Education Research (EER) emphasizes an embodied∼materialist theorization and activist conception of ecological experience in EE (eco)pedagogy. Relevant empirical-conceptual research drawn from EER Special Issues (SI) provides an evidence-base for re-storying numerous post-Tbilisi silences. Of central importance in critiquing various policy transitions in EE and frequent theory turns in EER are the enigmatically 'lived' practices of educative experience (human-culture actions and felt other-than-human-Nature interactions). Ecological experiences within experiential and interdisciplinary EE curriculum are inadequately researched in relation to action. Forty-five years after Tbilisi, the power and promise of its "Recommendations" are re-sounded. Tbilisi's potentials to reconstruct mainstream education policy have been muted for the past two decades of EER. Evidence-driven critical histories of the praxis of key Tbilisi principles are needed if the narrative continuity of the field is to be radically reclaimed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. „Мировая русистика' в журналe Русский язык за рубежом - специальные выпуски
- Author
-
Halina Uchto
- Subjects
journal ,researchers ,Russian studies ,source of information ,special issues ,Literature (General) ,PN1-6790 ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
The present paper aims to detail the profile of the scientific-didactic illustrated journal “Russian Language Abroad”, established by International Association of the Russian Language and Literature Teachers and State Russian Language Institute and set in Lomonosov Moscow State University. A new project carried out by Pushkin State Russian Language Institute in Moscow involves a compilation of special issues of “Russian Language Abroad” under the title “Russian Studies Worldwide”.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. The FEBS Journal in 2023: building back better.
- Author
-
Martin, Seamus J.
- Subjects
- *
PERIODICAL publishing , *SCIENCE publishing , *LIFE sciences - Abstract
The FEBS Journal publishes high impact research on diverse topics in the life sciences, with a focus on molecular mechanisms underpinning biological processes. Here, Editor‐in‐Chief Seamus Martin discusses highlights of the journal from the past year and gives a glimpse into what's in store for 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. AAAJ, thematic special issues and research innovation: revisiting the next decade
- Author
-
Carnegie, Garry D.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. El año que nos volvimos insostenibles: Análisis de la producción española en Sustainability (2020).
- Author
-
Repiso, Rafael, Merino-Arribas, Adoración, and Cabezas-Clavijo, Álvaro
- Subjects
- *
INBREEDING , *SUSTAINABILITY , *POLICY sciences , *PUBLISHING , *EDITING - Abstract
The journal Sustainability, published by MDPI, was the journal that published the most papers by researchers from Spanish institutions in 2020. This justifies a detailed examination of the Spanish scientific production in this journal. At the same time, the work of editing monographic issues in which papers with Spanish authors have been published is analyzed. For this purpose, we have identified whether each paper belongs to regular or to special issues of the journal, identifying whether the author of the paper is also editor of the monograph, or a university colleague. The nationality of the editors was also studied. The subject matter of the articles and their belonging to the area of the journal were analyzed. Most of the papers published by Spanish authors were published in special issues (81.6%), mainly edited by authors of the same nationality (63.1%). It is also found that there is an important production carried out by the same editor of the monograph, or by colleagues from the same institution. It is also found that a substantial number of works published in Sustainability (42.3%) have minimal or no relationship with the subject of sustainability. Finally, the implications of these findings are discussed under the light of the publication strategies of Spanish researchers and the science evaluation policies applied in Spain. The main controversial aspects identified have to do with the publication of papers on other subjects, the value of publishing in monographs, which in some cases could be considered as inbreeding, and the short editing times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Communication clarity in calls for papers issued by journal special issues: First impressions matter.
- Author
-
Plakhotnik, Maria S.
- Subjects
- *
SCHOLARLY periodicals , *PERSONNEL management , *PAPER arts , *HOTEL guests , *CONTENT analysis - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine communication clarity in calls for papers issued by peer reviewed journals for special issues. I wanted to explore what could hinder and help guest editors to communicate their intent to potential contributors. I searched peer reviewed journals in the field of human resource management published by five leading publishers, including Emerald, Sage, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, and Elsevier. Forty‐seven journals were identified, and the sample included 33 calls for papers that I examined using content analysis. The results showed that many guest editors include a problem statement; purpose statement including explicative statements and specifications; and research questions, topics, or themes. Based on this result, I created a composite profile that describes how guest editors typically craft their calls, including the average number of sources, topics, and paragraphs. I also identified eight additional tools guest editors use to increase clarity of their calls. Additionally, my analysis indicated that guest editors vary greatly in their approaches to crafting calls for papers. I identified a number of inconsistencies, inaccuracies, omissions, and redundancies that could confuse or discourage potential contributors. Journal editors could use the results of this study to examine their editorial strategies and practices and revise and improve their guidelines and templates related to special issues and their calls. Special issue guest editors might use the study results to increase the chances of receiving quality submissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. The FEBS Journal in 2021: a sharp reminder that science really matters.
- Author
-
Martin, Seamus J.
- Subjects
- *
COVID-19 pandemic , *LIFE sciences , *COVID-19 , *HEALTH care reminder systems , *VISIBILITY - Abstract
The FEBS Journal, a leading multidisciplinary journal in the life sciences, continues to grow in visibility and impact. Here, the Editor‐in‐Chief Seamus Martin discusses developments at the journal over the past year and the impact of the COVID‐19 crisis on research activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Journal of Scandinavian Cinema turns ten: About the past and for the future.
- Author
-
Holmlund, Chris and Nestingen, Andrew
- Subjects
SCANDINAVIANS ,FILM studies ,MEDIA studies ,WOMEN on television ,ETHNICITY - Abstract
Chris Holmlund and Andrew Nestingen have long been involved with the Journal of Scandinavian Cinema (JSCA) – Chris since 2013, Andy since the journal's inception in 2010. This article reviews trends in the journal's first decade and identifies areas where more scholarship would be welcome. JSCA has built a reputation for excellence and is the authoritative publication on cinema and media of the Nordic region. Special Issues, articles on the representation of sexuality and discussions of national cinema constitute valuable contributions. There have been many excellent articles on male auteurs, and several articles on popular cinema. Women auteurs remain underrepresented; more research on television and media and additional studies of race and ethnicity in all media are needed. The authors encourage JSCA and its contributors to continue to build alliances with film studies organizations in Europe, North America, South America and Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Facts on psychotraumatology
- Author
-
Miranda Olff
- Subjects
psychotrauma ,ptsd ,open access ,impact factor ,altmetrics ,special issues ,registered reports ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Daily news is dominated by reports of traumatic events across the world. Is trauma indeed rather the norm than the exception? What are the facts? How can we better understand, prevent and treat the consequences of trauma? This past year the European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT) has again tried to address these questions. With the gold Open Access model articles in the journal are being made immediately available without any barriers to access. In Europe, promising developments with regard to Open Science emerged in 2018, for instance, cOAlition S with their ambitious Plan S boosting the transition to full Open Access. In this editorial these and other developments in the journal, such as Registered Reports as a way to reduce Questionable Research Practices (QRPs), journal metrics, and the ESTSS EJPT award finalists for best paper of 2018 are being presented.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Introduction: The Journal of European Studies at 50.
- Author
-
Flower, John
- Subjects
- *
EUROPEAN studies - Abstract
This introductory article offers a brief account of the first 50 years of the existence of the Journal of European Studies from its conception at the University of East Anglia in 1969 to the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Anatomical Variation and Clinical Diagnosis
- Author
-
Heather F. Smith
- Subjects
anatomy ,anatomical variation ,special issues ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
In the anatomical sciences, it has long been recognized that the human body displays a range of morphological patterns and arrangements, often termed “anatomical variation” [...]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Life Cycle Assessment as Reflected by the International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
- Author
-
Heinrich, Almut B., Klöpffer, Walter, Series editor, and Curran, Mary Ann, Series editor
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis
- Author
-
Foeldvari, Ivan, Varga, John, editor, Denton, Christopher P., editor, and Wigley, Fredrick M., editor
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. ChemPlusChem Is More than the Sum of Its Parts.
- Author
-
Spiniello, Marisa
- Subjects
- *
EDITORIAL boards , *CHEMISTRY periodicals - Abstract
The Loco‐Motion: There's a lot of movement at ChemPlusChem. Read about the special issues of 2018 and those planned for 2019, prizes for young researchers, reviewer rewards, changes to the editorial staff and much more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Facts on psychotraumatology.
- Author
-
Olff, Miranda
- Abstract
Copyright of European Journal of Psychotraumatology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Leading in times of crisis: How perceived COVID‐19‐related work intensification links to daily e‐mail demands and leader outcomes
- Author
-
Laura Venz and Katrin Boettcher
- Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,e-mail overload appraisal ,COVID‐19‐related acceleration ,Special Issues ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,diary study ,exhaustion ,transformational leadership ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Psychology ,Applied Psychology ,COVID-19-related acceleration ,Special Issue ,business.industry ,Multilevel model ,Digital transformation ,Workload ,e‐mail overload appraisal ,Public relations ,Work life ,Transformational leadership ,Work (electrical) ,business - Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis brought numerous challenges to work life. One of the most notable may be the acceleration of digital transformation, accompanied by an intensification of e-mail usage and related demands such as high e-mail workload. While research quickly started to examine the implications of these changes for employees, another important group of stakeholders has been overlooked: leaders. We focus on leaders during the COVID-19 crisis and examine how COVID-19 related work intensification links to leaders? e-mail overload appraisal and finally exhaustion and transformational leadership, a leader behavior especially needed in times of crisis. In a five-day diary study in September 2020, 84 leaders responded to daily surveys on 343 days. Results of multilevel analysis showed that perceived COVID-19 related work intensification was positively linked to worktime spent dealing with e-mail and appraised e-mail overload. E-mail overload appraisal was positively related to leaders? exhaustion, but unrelated to their transformational behavior. Day-specific time spent dealing with e-mail, however, was negatively related to transformational leadership. E-mail overload appraisal mediated the relationship between COVID-19 related work intensification and exhaustion. Turning the focus on leaders during the COVID-19 crisis, our study has important implications for the design of work of leaders in times of crisis and beyond.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Psychotraumatology on the move
- Author
-
Miranda Olff
- Subjects
psychotrauma ,ptsd ,open access ,impact factor ,altmetrics ,special issues ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Psychotraumatology is on the move. Worldwide, there is an increasing awareness of the negative impact of psychotrauma, which is reflected in the number of publications on the topic. These publications become more and more available to the public (Open Access), even more so than in other fields, and thus lead to quicker implementation of research findings. In this editorial, the editor of the European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT) provides a brief review of how the journal has been doing, including recent accomplishments, some metrics and the ESTSS EJPT award for best paper of 2017, and identifies a number of priorities for the next year.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. COVID‐19’s impact on Australian wine markets and regions*
- Author
-
Kym Anderson and Glyn Wittwer
- Subjects
Wine ,Economics and Econometrics ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,F14 ,Special Issue ,CGE modelling ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Social distance ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,regional impacts ,International economics ,R11 ,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Special Issues ,tourism ,C68 ,L83 ,Psychological resilience ,Business ,wine ,Closure (psychology) ,Tourism ,media_common - Abstract
This paper provides an empirical case study of impacts of COVID-19 on Australia's wine sector. Wine exports were subject to disruptions and, like domestic wine sales, were adversely affected not only by temporary declines in consumers' expected incomes but also by the social distancing measures and self-isolation that led to closure of restaurants, bars, cafes and clubs plus declines in international travel and tourism. Partly offsetting this has been a boost to off-premise and direct e-commerce sales. We first estimate those impacts and their expected partial recovery in 2021 using a new model of global beverage markets. Then, we add results on regional effects, including through domestic wine tourism, using a new economy-wide model with sub-national regions. The paper concludes by drawing lessons on how this sector's resilience to future global shocks could be strengthened.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Followership at a distance: Follower adjustment to distal leadership during COVID‐19
- Author
-
Ashita Goswami, Agnieszka Shepard, Lilah I. Donnelly, and Melissa K. Carsten
- Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Special Issue ,Work from home ,media_common.quotation_subject ,followership role orientations ,followership theory ,Affect (psychology) ,Special Issues ,Coproduction ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Extant taxon ,COVID‐19 ,Followership ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Conversation ,leader distance ,Predicting performance ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Applied Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Leader distance theory has received scant empirical attention in the extant literature; however, the “work from home” orders associated with COVID‐19 have made this theory and its empirical findings highly relevant for organizations. Our study integrates leader distance theory and followership theory to understand how follower role beliefs affect follower effort, performance, and withdrawal under physical leader distance and varying conditions of leader interaction frequency. Using a three‐wave survey methodology with 260 adults working remotely, our study finds that followers' levels of effort, performance, and withdrawal were contingent on leader interaction frequency. Specifically, followers with a coproduction role orientation, who see their role as more collaborative, reported higher levels of effort under conditions of high leader interaction. Furthermore, the indirect effect of coproduction on follower performance and withdrawal via effort was moderated by leader interaction frequency. The results for followers with passive role orientations, however, were in the opposite direction. These followers reported less effort when leader interaction was high, and the mediational chain predicting performance and withdrawal was contingent on leader interaction frequency. Our study contributes to the ongoing conversation about the positive and negative effects of leader distance and positions followership characteristics as important boundary conditions of distal leadership.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Coping with seasonality in a quarterly CGE model: COVID‐19 and U.S. agriculture *
- Author
-
Maureen T. Rimmer and Peter B. Dixon
- Subjects
seasonal factors in agriculture ,Computable general equilibrium ,Economics and Econometrics ,Coping (psychology) ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Special Issue ,business.industry ,Harvest time ,supply‐chain disruption ,COVID pandemic ,Seasonality ,Quarter (United States coin) ,medicine.disease ,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Special Issues ,quarterly CGE modelling ,Work (electrical) ,Agriculture ,U.S. agriculture ,medicine ,Economics ,Econometrics ,business - Abstract
Most dynamic CGE models work with periods of 1 year. This limits their applicability for analysing the effects of shocks that operate over a short period or with different intensities through a year. It is relatively easy to convert an annual CGE model to shorter periodicity, for example a quarter, if we ignore seasonal differences in the pattern of economic activity, but this is not acceptable for agriculture. This paper introduces seasonal factors to the agricultural specification in a detailed quarterly CGE model of the United States. The model is then applied to analyse the effects of the COVID pandemic on U.S. farm industries. Taking account of the general features of the pandemic such as the reduction in household spending, we find that these effects are mild relative to the effects on most other industries. However, agriculture is subject to potential supply‐chain disruptions. We apply our quarterly model to analyse two such possibilities: loss of labour at harvest time in Fruit & nut farms, and temporary closure of meat‐processing plants. We find that these disruptions are unlikely to cause noticeable reductions in the supply of food products to U.S. households.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Followers’ unclear demands during the COVID-19 Pandemic can undermine leaders’ well-being: A moderated mediation model from an entrapment perspective
- Author
-
Xiaotong Zheng, Chia-Huei Wu, Yuyan Zheng, and Jingzhou Pan
- Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Special Issue ,leadership responsibility ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Perspective (graphical) ,Face (sociological concept) ,Special Issues ,entrapment ,well‐being ,Moderated mediation ,leaders ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Feeling ,COVID‐19 ,Well-being ,Pandemic ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Applied Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Although effective leaders are important for reducing employee stress during the COVID‐19, limited studies have examined how follower behaviors can influence leader stress and well‐being during the COVID‐19. This study draws on defeat‐entrapment theory to examine how followers' unclear demands during the COVID‐19 consequently impact leaders' psychological states and well‐being. We conducted a three‐wave time‐lagged investigation with a sample of 281 leaders in the United Kingdom and found that followers' unclear demands could generate feelings of entrapment in leaders, leading to decreased levels of well‐being outcomes in leaders. Importantly, we found that leaders who have higher levels of leadership responsibility during the COVID‐19 are likely to feel trapped by followers' unclear demands. They are also likely to face higher levels of feelings of entrapment and impaired well‐being compared with leaders who have lower levels of leadership responsibility. We discuss the implications for theories and practices, as well as directions for future research.
- Published
- 2022
38. The special issue: AAAJ and research innovation
- Author
-
Carnegie, Garry D. and Carnegie, Garry D.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Contributing to the international accounting history movement: Integrated forums of discourse.
- Author
-
Carnegie, Garry D.
- Subjects
ENGLISH language ,HISTORY of accounting ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,ACCOUNTING ,COLLEGE curriculum ,PERIODICALS - Abstract
The purpose of this article is to examine the emergence and development of all conferences, colloquia and symposia connected with Accounting History, a specialist, English-language international journal. These journal-associated events comprise an integrated, multidimensional set of scholarly forums which have contributed to the international accounting history movement. This article presents an historical account of the motivation for establishing the Accounting History International Conference and the later associated colloquia, first, in the form of the Accounting History Doctoral Colloquium and, second, the Accounting History International Emerging Scholars’ Colloquium, as part of the international strategy of the New Series of the journal from 1996. Regional symposia across Australia and New Zealand, known as the Accounting History Symposium, were also introduced under a holistic approach to nurturing historical accounting research. An overview of the conferences, colloquia and symposia held to the time of writing is provided along with a discussion of the key distinguishing features of these integrated forums of discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Variable routes to genomic and host adaptation among coronaviruses
- Author
-
Angela McLaughlin, Vincent Montoya, Jeffrey B. Joy, Rachel L Miller, and Gideon J. Mordecai
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Nonsynonymous substitution ,viruses ,coronaviruses ,Population ,Adaptation, Biological ,Genome, Viral ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,spike protein ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Viral Zoonoses ,Special Issues ,Evolution, Molecular ,03 medical and health sciences ,Negative selection ,Molecular evolution ,medicine ,genomics ,Animals ,Humans ,Selection, Genetic ,education ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Selection (genetic algorithm) ,Coronavirus ,Genetics ,education.field_of_study ,Natural selection ,Special Issue ,molecular evolution ,viral adaptation ,3. Good health ,zoonoses ,030104 developmental biology ,role of selection in host switches ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,Host adaptation - Abstract
Natural selection operating on the genomes of viral pathogens in different host species strongly contributes to adaptation facilitating host colonization. Here, we analyse, quantify and compare viral adaptation in genomic sequence data derived from seven zoonotic events in the Coronaviridae family among primary, intermediate and human hosts. Rates of nonsynonymous (d N) and synonymous (d S) changes on specific amino acid positions were quantified for each open reading frame (ORF). Purifying selection accounted for 77% of all sites under selection. Diversifying selection was most frequently observed in viruses infecting the primary hosts of each virus and predominantly occurred in the orf1ab genomic region. Within all four intermediate hosts, diversifying selection on the spike gene was observed either solitarily or in combination with orf1ab and other genes. Consistent with previous evidence, pervasive diversifying selection on coronavirus spike genes corroborates the role this protein plays in host cellular entry, adaptation to new hosts and evasion of host cellular immune responses. Structural modelling of spike proteins identified a significantly higher proportion of sites for SARS‐CoV‐2 under positive selection in close proximity to sites of glycosylation relative to the other coronaviruses. Among human coronaviruses, there was a significant inverse correlation between the number of sites under positive selection and the estimated years since the virus was introduced into the human population. Abundant diversifying selection observed in SARS‐CoV‐2 suggests the virus remains in the adaptive phase of the host switch, typical of recent host switches. A mechanistic understanding of where, when and how genomic adaptation occurs in coronaviruses following a host shift is crucial for vaccine design, public health responses and predicting future pandemics., Colonization of a novel host by a virus is typically followed by substantial genomic adaptation for processes involved with host cellular entry, viral replication, and evasion from the host immune system. Here, we use a whole genome sequencing approach to analyze viral genomic adaptation for all known hosts of the 7 coronaviruses which have zoonotically jumped into humans. We show that selection most often occurs in primary hosts, and on replication, host‐ cellular entry, and immune evasion genes. Modeling of spike proteins revealed selected sites of SARS‐CoV‐2 close to glycan attachment sites more often than in other coronaviruses.
- Published
- 2021
41. Managing Pandemics—Demands, Resources, and Effective Behaviors Within Crisis Management Teams
- Author
-
Stefan Röseler, Guido Hertel, Meinald T. Thielsch, Christoph Lamers, Julia Kirsch, and Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster
- Subjects
Process management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,050109 social psychology ,Crisis management ,Structuring ,Special Issues ,ddc:150 ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Multidisciplinary approach ,0502 economics and business ,Pandemic ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Applied Psychology ,media_common ,High‐Reliability Teams ,Teamwork ,Emergency management ,Special Issue ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Resources ,Forschungsprojekt FIRE ,Work (electrical) ,Crisis Management ,OVID‐19 ,Structured interview ,Business ,Demands ,Disaster Management ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Pandemics, such as the COVID‐19 crisis, are very complex emergencies that can neither be handled by individuals nor by any single municipality, organization or even country alone. Such situations require multidisciplinary crisis management teams (CMTs) at different administrative levels. However, most existing CMTs are trained for rather local and temporary emergencies but not for international and long‐lasting crises. Moreover, CMT members in a pandemic face additional demands due to unknown characteristics of the disease and a highly volatile environment. To support and ensure the effectiveness of CMTs, we need to understand how CMT members can successfully cope with these multiple demands. Connecting teamwork research with the job demands and resources approach as starting framework, we conducted structured interviews and critical incident analyses with 144 members of various CMTs during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Content analyses revealed both perceived demands as well as perceived resources in CMTs. Moreover, structuring work processes, open, precise and regular communication, and anticipatory, goal‐oriented and fast problem solving were described as particularly effective behaviors in CMTs. We illustrate our findings in an integrated model and derive practical recommendations for the work and future training of CMTs.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Caught between Scylla and Charybdis: How Economic Stressors and Occupational Risk Factors Influence Workers’ Occupational Health Reactions to COVID‐19
- Author
-
Sinclair, Robert R., Probst, Tahira M., Watson, Gwendolyn Paige, and Bazzoli, Andrea
- Subjects
Special Issue ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Stressor ,050109 social psychology ,Resource depletion ,Mental health ,Special Issues ,Occupational safety and health ,Unit (housing) ,Risk perception ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Work (electrical) ,0502 economics and business ,Unemployment ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Demographic economics ,Psychology ,050203 business & management ,Applied Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Workers and their families bear much of the economic burden of COVID‐19. Even though they have declined somewhat, unemployment rates are considerably higher than before the start of the pandemic. Many workers also face uncertainty about their future employment prospects and increasing financial strain. At the same time, the workplace is a common source of transmission of COVID‐19 and many jobs previously seen as relatively safe are now viewed as potentially hazardous. Thus, many workers face dual threats of economic stress and COVID‐19 exposure. This paper develops a model of workers’ responses to these dual threats, including risk perception and resource depletion as mediating factors that influence the relationship of economic stress and occupational risk factors with COVID‐19 compliance‐related attitudes, safe behavior at work, and physical and mental health outcomes. The paper also describes contextual moderators of these relationships at the individual, unit, and regional level. Directions for future research are discussed.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Resilience in Times of Global Pandemic: Steering Recovery and Thriving Trajectories
- Author
-
Joana Kuntz
- Subjects
History ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Special Issue ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Outbreak ,050109 social psychology ,Special Issues ,Global population ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Infectious disease (medical specialty) ,0502 economics and business ,Terrorism ,Development economics ,Pandemic ,Thriving ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychological resilience ,050203 business & management ,Applied Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Disasters, including earthquakes, wildfires, terrorist attacks, and infectious disease outbreaks, are catastrophic events that expose individuals to stress, disrupt community routines and dynamics, undermine infrastructure and businesses, and result in economic losses for a significant period (Bader et al., 2019; Bakić, 2019). The World Health Organization declared the COVID‐19 outbreak a pandemic in the early months of 2020 and classed it as a major disaster. This pandemic is unique, one of few catastrophic events in recent history to affect the entire global population, and its severity and long‐term consequences will test individuals, organisations, communities, and nations in unprecedented ways.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Future Developments in Geographical Agent‐Based Models: Challenges and Opportunities
- Author
-
Andrew Crooks, Alison J. Heppenstall, Jiaqi Ge, Ed Manley, Michael Batty, and Nick Malleson
- Subjects
Calibration and validation ,Computer science ,Special Issue ,Field (Bourdieu) ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,Data science ,Special Issues ,Set (psychology) ,050703 geography ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
Despite reaching a point of acceptance as a research tool across the geographical and social sciences, there remain significant methodological challenges for agent‐based models. These include recognizing and simulating emergent phenomena, agent representation, construction of behavioral rules, and calibration and validation. While advances in individual‐level data and computing power have opened up new research avenues, they have also brought with them a new set of challenges. This article reviews some of the challenges that the field has faced, the opportunities available to advance the state‐of‐the‐art, and the outlook for the field over the next decade. We argue that although agent‐based models continue to have enormous promise as a means of developing dynamic spatial simulations, the field needs to fully embrace the potential offered by approaches from machine learning to allow us to fully broaden and deepen our understanding of geographical systems.
- Published
- 2020
45. Achieving Effective Remote Working During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Work Design Perspective
- Author
-
Yukun Liu, Sharon K. Parker, Jing Qian, and Bin Wang
- Subjects
Special Issue ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Applied psychology ,Procrastination ,Job design ,050109 social psychology ,Context (language use) ,Workload ,Loneliness ,Moderation ,Special Issues ,Social support ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,0502 economics and business ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,050203 business & management ,Applied Psychology ,Autonomy ,media_common - Abstract
Existing knowledge on remote working can be questioned in an extraordinary pandemic context. We conducted a mixed‐methods investigation to explore the challenges experienced by remote workers at this time, as well as what virtual work characteristics and individual differences affect these challenges. In Study 1, from semi‐structured interviews with Chinese employees working from home in the early days of the pandemic, we identified four key remote work challenges (work‐home interference, ineffective communication, procrastination, and loneliness), as well as four virtual work characteristics that affected the experience of these challenges (social support, job autonomy, monitoring, and workload) and one key individual difference factor (workers’ self‐discipline). In Study 2, using survey data from 522 employees working at home during the pandemic, we found that virtual work characteristics linked to worker's performance and well‐being via the experienced challenges. Specifically, social support was positively correlated with lower levels of all remote working challenges; job autonomy negatively related to loneliness; workload and monitoring both linked to higher work‐home interference; and workload additionally linked to lower procrastination. Self‐discipline was a significant moderator of several of these relationships. We discuss the implications of our research for the pandemic and beyond.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Potentially preventable hospitalizations—The ‘pre‐hospital syndrome’: Retrospective observations from the MonashWatch self‐reported health journey study in Victoria, Australia
- Author
-
Narelle Hinkley, Donald Campbell, Carmel M. Martin, and Keith Stockman
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Victoria ,Psychological intervention ,Aftercare ,Telehealth ,Special Issues ,post‐hospital syndrome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Global health ,Humans ,Medicine ,Retrospective Studies ,patient journeys ,Chronic care ,Special Issue ,readmission ,business.industry ,030503 health policy & services ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,FLAGS register ,Emergency department ,Hospitals ,Patient Discharge ,Hospitalization ,Cohort ,Public hospital ,Emergency medicine ,Female ,health transitions ,Self Report ,time series ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,0305 other medical science ,business - Abstract
Rationale, Aims, and Objectives HealthLinks: Chronic Care is a state‐wide public hospital initiative designed to improve care for cohorts at‐risk of potentially preventable hospitalizations at no extra cost. MonashWatch (MW) is an hospital outreach service designed to optimize admissions in an at‐risk cohort. Telehealth operators make regular phone calls (≥weekly) using the Patient Journey Record System (PaJR). PaJR generates flags based on patient self‐report, alerting to a risk of admission or emergency department attendance. ‘Total flags’ of global health represent concerns about self‐reported general health, medication, and wellness. ‘Red flags’ represent significant disease/symptoms concerns, likely to lead to hospitalization. Methods A time series analysis of PaJR phone calls to MW patients with ≥1 acute non‐surgical admissions in a 20‐day time window (10 days pre‐admission and 10 days post‐discharge) between 23 December 2016 and 11 October 2017. Pettitt's hypothesis‐testing homogeneity measure was deployed to analyse Victorian Admitted Episode/Emergency Minimum Datasets and PaJR data. Findings A MW cohort of 103 patients (mean age 74 ± 15 years; with 59% males) had 263 admissions was identified. Bed days ranged from
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Special Issues in the Application of Seismic Isolation to Nuclear Power Plants
- Author
-
Zhiguang Zhou, Xiaorong Hu, and Jenna Wong
- Subjects
seismic isolation ,nuclear power plants ,interviews ,durability ,radiation ,special issues ,Technology - Abstract
While seismic isolation is one of the principal approaches used to mitigate the risks associated with earthquake ground shaking, it has found only limited application in the construction of nuclear power plants (NPPs). As a new application, it is necessary to understand how the overall process works and figure out potential difficulties in all stages of managing isolated NPPs. Several manufacturers, experts, and representatives from engineering firms were contacted and interviewed to better understand potential difficulties in the application of seismic isolation to NPPs. In addition to this firsthand knowledge, studies and research conducted in the area of radiation exposure and the area of general durability are reviewed. According to these materials, this paper summarizes some issues related to the durability of the isolators, radiation, and other environmental effects on devices and raises some understanding and special issues in the planning, design, analysis, procurement, installation, operations, and maintenance stages of managing a seismically isolated NPP. These topics are expected to provide a certain guiding significance on future application of seismic isolation for NPPs.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Improving Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery in Canada: A Call to Action
- Author
-
Laura Snell, Chantal R. Valiquette, Emma Avery, Syena Moltaji, and Christopher R. Forrest
- Subjects
Surgery ,Special Issues - Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light the significant inequities in the delivery of healthcare, vaccine inequity, and differential access to life-saving treatments, which have disproportionately impacted marginalized and racialized populations. In this article, we acknowledge and recognize the centuries-old legacies perpetuating inequity, injustice, and oppression, we discuss the principles of Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI) and we call our Canadian plastic surgery colleagues and trainees to action. We propose a plan for (1) Education, (2) Mitigating Disparities in the Clinical Setting, and (3) Policy, Societies, and Leadership Education.La pandémie mondiale de COVID-19 a mis en lumière des iniquités importantes dans la prestation des soins, l’iniquité vaccinale et l’accès différentiel à des traitements salvateurs, qui ont touché démesurément les populations marginalisées et racisées. Dans le présent article, les auteurs reconnaissent les héritages séculaires qui perpétuent l’iniquité, l’injustice et l’oppression, ils abordent les principes d’équité, de diversité et d’inclusion et ils appellent à l’action leurs collègues et leurs stagiaires canadiens en chirurgie plastique. Ils proposent un plan en matière (1) d’éducation, (2) d’atténuation des disparités en milieu clinique et (3) de politique, de société et d’éducation au leadership.
- Published
- 2022
49. Critical Evaluation of Spectral Resolution Enhancement Methods for Raman Hyperspectra
- Author
-
H. Georg Schulze, Shreyas Rangan, Martha Z. Vardaki, Michael W. Blades, Robin F. B. Turner, and James M. Piret
- Subjects
Fityk ,Principal Component Analysis ,moving window multiple peak fitting ,010401 analytical chemistry ,resolution enhancement ,02 engineering and technology ,node narrowing ,over-deconvolution ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Spectrum Analysis, Raman ,01 natural sciences ,chemical contrast images ,Special Issues ,0104 chemical sciences ,blind deconvolution ,pseudospectra ,Raman spectroscopy ,two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy ,Animals ,0210 nano-technology ,Instrumentation ,Spectroscopy ,Software - Abstract
Overlapping peaks in Raman spectra complicate the presentation, interpretation, and analyses of complex samples. This is particularly problematic for methods dependent on sparsity such as multivariate curve resolution and other spectral demixing as well as for two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS), multisource correlation analysis, and principal component analysis. Though software-based resolution enhancement methods can be used to counter such problems, their performances often differ, thereby rendering some more suitable than others for specific tasks. Furthermore, there is a need for automated methods to apply to large numbers of varied hyperspectral data sets containing multiple overlapping peaks, and thus methods ideally suitable for diverse tasks. To investigate these issues, we implemented three novel resolution enhancement methods based on pseudospectra, over-deconvolution, and peak fitting to evaluate them along with three extant methods: node narrowing, blind deconvolution, and the general-purpose peak fitting program Fityk. We first applied the methods to varied synthetic spectra, each consisting of nine overlapping Voigt profile peaks. Improved spectral resolution was evaluated based on several criteria including the separation of overlapping peaks and the preservation of true peak intensities in resolution-enhanced spectra. We then investigated the efficacy of these methods to improve the resolution of measured Raman spectra. High resolution spectra of glucose acquired with a narrow spectrometer slit were compared to ones using a wide slit that degraded the spectral resolution. We also determined the effects of the different resolution enhancement methods on 2D-COS and on chemical contrast image generation from mammalian cell spectra. We conclude with a discussion of the particular benefits, drawbacks, and potential of these methods. Our efforts provided insight into the need for effective resolution enhancement approaches, the feasibility of these methods for automation, the nature of the problems currently limiting their use, and in particular those aspects that need improvement., Graphical Abstract
- Published
- 2021
50. Vitamin D and Breast Cancer: Mechanistic Update
- Author
-
JoEllen Welsh
- Subjects
Orthopedic surgery ,Special Issue ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,medicine.disease ,CANCER ,Special Issues ,Breast cancer ,RC925-935 ,CELL/TISSUE SIGNALING—ENDOCRINE PATHWAYS ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Cancer research ,Medicine ,NUTRITION ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,business ,PTH/VIT D/FGF23 ,RD701-811 - Abstract
The presence of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in mammary gland and breast cancer has long been recognized, and multiple preclinical studies have demonstrated that its ligand, 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D), modulates normal mammary gland development and inhibits growth of breast tumors in animal models. Vitamin D deficiency is common in breast cancer patients, and some evidence suggests that low vitamin D status enhances the risk for disease development or progression. Although many 1,25D‐responsive targets in normal mammary cells and in breast cancers have been identified, validation of specific targets that regulate cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, and differentiation, particularly in vivo, has been challenging. Model systems of carcinogenesis have provided evidence that both VDR expression and 1,25D actions change with transformation, but clinical data regarding vitamin D responsiveness of established tumors is limited and inconclusive. Because breast cancer is heterogeneous, the relevant VDR targets and potential sensitivity to vitamin D repletion or supplementation will likely differ between patient populations. Detailed analysis of VDR actions in specific molecular subtypes of the disease will be necessary to clarify the conflicting data. Genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses of in vitro and in vivo model systems are also warranted to comprehensively understand the network of vitamin D–regulated pathways in the context of breast cancer heterogeneity. This review provides an update on recent studies spanning the spectrum of mechanistic (cell/molecular), preclinical (animal models), and translational work on the role of vitamin D in breast cancer. © 2021 The Author. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.