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The challenges of working within rural schools can impact successful implementation of a multitiered system of supports (MTSS). Although special education and general education teachers' responsibilities within a MTSS framework have been addressed through a myriad of school districts across the nation, rural districts face unique challenges that can impact successful MTSS implementation. Some of these rural challenges include, but are not limited to, teacher preparation and training, recruitment and retention, limited flexibility of teacher time, and inadequate access to material and space resources. This article addresses critical issues related to successful rural implementation of a MTSS, including the presentation of three data-based strategies rural districts can employ, referred to as the rural A-B-C's: (a) approach academic and behavior instruction simultaneously, (b) be creative with data opportunities, and (c) collaborate with purpose. Case study application and tables are provided for ease of implementation.

This review examined the effectiveness of teacher-mediated interventions with respect to the academic functioning of students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). Thirty studies using a variety of teacher-mediated interventions met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Findings from these studies indicate teacher-mediated interventions are successful across academic subject areas. However, the participant characteristics were defined poorly, and the settings used within these studies did not accurately reflect the current EBD population's actual classroom placement. Finally, a lack of programmatic research on teacher-mediated interventions has made it difficult, if not impossible, to generalize the outcomes of these studies to broader populations of students with EBD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review conducted a comprehensive examination of the current state of the literature on the academic status of students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). The authors examined the literature to assess (a) student characteristics, (b) placement settings, (c) academic subject areas, and (d) measures used to assess academic achievement. Second, when possible, the functioning level of students was examined. Third, trends in the research over the past 4 decades were assessed. Although several investigators have researched the academic status of these students, significant limitations exist in the research, including incomplete reporting of student information, inadequate research on specific academic skill sets, and limited numbers of studies assessing students served in general education settings. Implications of the findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]