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The first exposure on a spacecraft of a nuclear emulsion apparatus designed to collect 1000 high quality tracks of heavy nuclei under a negligible thickness of matter (0.07 g/sq cm) is described. The cosmic ray detector consisted of a stack of nuclear emulsions that were designed to register at least 400 heavy nuclei tracks for each 10 hours of useful exposure. The spacecraft had to be oriented in a heads-up attitude during the 10-hour period to eliminate atmospheric albedo particles. The results are as follows: (1) a definite odd-even effect, with low abundances for elements of atomic number 7, 9, and 11; (2) a ratio O/C approximately 0.9; (3) Ne/C, Mg/C, and Si/C ratios between 0.2 and 0.3; (4) an abundance gap in the region 15 less than or equal to Z less than or equal to 19; and (5) a ratio (20 less than or equal to Z less than or equal to 28)/C 0.2, with a large concentration at Z = 26. These results are indicative that successful exposures of nuclear emulsions were obtained on the Gemini 11 mission.

Relativistic cosmic rays primordial chemical composition above atmosphere from abundance data obtained with satellite-borne nuclear emulsion detector

Relativistic cosmic rays nuclei abundances from Gemini 11 flight

Chemical composition of relativistic cosmic rays detected above atmosphere

Abundances and composition of relativistic cosmic rays observed on Gemini 11 flight

Primary cosmic ray nuclei studies during Gemini 2 flight by nuclear emulsion detector with time resolution capability, describing experiment design and equipment operation

Heavy nuclei detected in September 2, 1966 solar particle event, measuring proton, helium and heavy nuclei energy spectra

High energy galactic cosmic ray composition measurement by nuclear emulsion detector in Gemini 9

Solar flare charged particle composition analysis with nuclear emulsion detectors in Nike-Apache sounding rockets

Rocket sounding program to monitor charge composition of type 3 solar flare of 2 Sept. 1966

Charge and energy composition of particles in solar flare, discussing rigidity spectra of singly and multiply charged nuclei

Nike-Apache rockets used to study charged particles emitted during solar flare event on 2 Sep 1966

Solar wind modulation of low energy galactic cosmic radiation, estimating primary source spectra, proton and helium fluxes

Solar cosmic ray multiply charged nuclei and July 18, 1961 solar event, discussing relative abundances and heavy nuclei detection

Energetic helium and heavy nuclei detected in solar cosmic ray bursts

Balloon-borne nuclear emulsion detection of finite fluxes of low energy cosmic ray heavy nuclei and interstellar cosmic radiation propagation

Low energy galactic cosmic radiation studies by high altitude balloon flights carrying nuclear emulsions, including solar activity, energy and intensity spectra, etc

Balloon-borne nuclear emulsion detection of solar cosmic ray heavy nuclei during solar burst

Finite fluxes of very low energy cosmic ray heavy nuclei detected by sounding rocket experiments

Cosmic ray nuclei flux with charges greater than that of helium at energies below balloon-borne experiments cutoff value

Low energy cosmic ray heavy nuclei examination by sounding rocket

Low energy galactic cosmic ray modulation

Spectral variation of low energy galactic cosmic ray protons and helium nuclei measured by balloon flights