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3 results on '"Voyage 2050"'

1. What are the fundamental modes of energy transfer and partitioning in the coupled Magnetosphere-Ionosphere system?

Author

Rae, Jonathan, Forsyth, Colin, Dunlop, Malcolm, Palmroth, Minna, Lester, Mark, Friedel, Reiner, Reeves, Geoff, Kepko, Larry, Turc, Lucille, Watt, Clare, Hajdas, Wojciech, Sarris, Theodoros, Saito, Yoshifumi, Santolik, Ondrej, Shprits, Yuri, Wang, Chi, Marchaudon, Aurelie, Berthomier, Matthieu, Marghitu, Octav, and Hubert, Benoit

Subjects
*ENERGY transfer, *PLASMA physics, *THERMAL plasmas, *MAGNETIC reconnection, *ELECTROMAGNETIC fields, *ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
Abstract

The fundamental processes responsible for energy exchange between large-scale electromagnetic fields and plasma are well understood theoretically, but in practice these theories have not been tested. These processes are ubiquitous in all plasmas, especially at the interface between high and low beta plasmas in planetary magnetospheres and other magnetic environments. Although such boundaries pervade the plasma Universe, the processes responsible for the release of the stored magnetic and thermal plasma energy have not been fully identified and the importance of the relative impact of each process is unknown. Despite advances in understanding energy release through the conversion of magnetic to kinetic energy in magnetic reconnection, how the extreme pressures in the regions between stretched and more relaxed field lines in the transition region are balanced and released through adiabatic convection of plasma and fields is still a mystery. Recent theoretical advances and the predictions of large-scale instabilities must be tested. In essence, the processes responsible remain poorly understood and the problem unresolved. The aim of the White Paper submitted to ESA's Voyage 2050 call, and the contents of this paper, is to highlight three outstanding open science questions that are of clear international interest: (i) the interplay of local and global plasma physics processes: (ii) the partitioning during energy conversion between electromagnetic and plasma energy: and (iii) what processes drive the coupling between low and high beta plasmas. We present a discussion of the new measurements and technological advances required from current state-of-the-art, and several candidate mission profiles with which these international high-priority science goals could be significantly advanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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2. A Case for Electron-Astrophysics.

Author

Verscharen, Daniel, Wicks, Robert T., Alexandrova, Olga, Bruno, Roberto, Burgess, David, Chen, Christopher H. K., D'Amicis, Raffaella, De Keyser, Johan, de Wit, Thierry Dudok, Franci, Luca, He, Jiansen, Henri, Pierre, Kasahara, Satoshi, Khotyaintsev, Yuri, Klein, Kristopher G., Lavraud, Benoit, Maruca, Bennett A., Maksimovic, Milan, Plaschke, Ferdinand, and Poedts, Stefaan

Subjects
*PLASMA physics, *PLASMA turbulence, *PLASMA astrophysics, *SPACE plasmas, *HEAT transfer, *ELECTRON plasma
Abstract

The smallest characteristic scales, at which electron dynamics determines the plasma behaviour, are the next frontier in space and astrophysical plasma research. The analysis of astrophysical processes at these scales lies at the heart of the research theme of electron-astrophysics. Electron scales are the ultimate bottleneck for dissipation of plasma turbulence, which is a fundamental process not understood in the electron-kinetic regime. In addition, plasma electrons often play an important role for the spatial transfer of thermal energy due to the high heat flux associated with their velocity distribution. The regulation of this electron heat flux is likewise not understood. By focussing on these and other fundamental electron processes, the research theme of electron-astrophysics links outstanding science questions of great importance to the fields of space physics, astrophysics, and laboratory plasma physics. In this White Paper, submitted to ESA in response to the Voyage 2050 call, we review a selection of these outstanding questions, discuss their importance, and present a roadmap for answering them through novel space-mission concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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3. A Case for Electron-Astrophysics

Author

Satoshi Kasahara, Julia E. Stawarz, Thierry Dudok de Wit, Daniel Told, Yuri V. Khotyaintsev, Christopher S. Reynolds, Stepan Stverak, Bennett A. Maruca, David Burgess, Milan Maksimovic, Jiansen He, Owen Roberts, Joachim Saur, Robert T. Wicks, Benoit Lavraud, Shinji Saito, Olga Alexandrova, Luca Franci, Sergio Servidio, Ferdinand Plaschke, Katja Klein, Raffaella D'Amicis, Pierre Henri, Chadi S. Salem, Christopher H. K. Chen, Johan De Keyser, Daniel Verscharen, Fouad Sahraoui, Roberto Bruno, Stefaan Poedts, Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Universités-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of New Hampshire (UNH), University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), School of Earth and Space Sciences [Beijing], Peking University [Beijing], Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Institutet för Rymdfysik, University of Arizona, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware [Newark], Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Centre for Mathematical Plasma-Astrophysics [Leuven] (CmPA), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Maria Curie-Sklodowska University (UMCS), Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology [Tokyo, Japan] (NICT), University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Institut für Geophysik und Meteorologie [Köln], Universität zu Köln, Università della Calabria [Arcavacata di Rende] (Unical), Department of Physics [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Max Planck Institute for Plasma physics (IPP-MPG), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Verscharen, Daniel [0000-0002-0497-1096], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Field (physics), F300, FOS: Physical sciences, Electrons, F500, Electron, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, F900, Physics - Space Physics, Voyage 2050, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Plasma, space missions, Dissipation, plasma astrophysics, Physics - Plasma Physics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], Computational physics, Magnetic field, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), space plasma, Solar wind, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, solar wind, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysical plasma, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

A grand-challenge problem at the forefront of physics is to understand how energy is transported and transformed in plasmas. This fundamental research priority encapsulates the conversion of plasma-flow and electromagnetic energies into particle energy, either as heat or some other form of energisation. The smallest characteristic scales, at which electron dynamics determines the plasma behaviour, are the next frontier in space and astrophysical plasma research. The analysis of astrophysical processes at these scales lies at the heart of the field of electron-astrophysics. Electron scales are the ultimate bottleneck for dissipation of plasma turbulence, which is a fundamental process not understood in the electron-kinetic regime. Since electrons are the most numerous and most mobile plasma species in fully ionised plasmas and are strongly guided by the magnetic field, their thermal properties couple very efficiently to global plasma dynamics and thermodynamics., Comment: White Paper for the Voyage 2050 Long-Term Plan in the ESA Science Programme; 27 pages

Published
2022
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