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1. Galactic Observatory Science with the ASTRI Mini-Array at the Observatorio del Teide

Author

A. D'Aì, E. Amato, A. Burtovoi, A.A. Compagnino, M. Fiori, A. Giuliani, N. La Palombara, A. Paizis, G. Piano, F.G. Saturni, A. Tutone, A. Belfiore, M. Cardillo, S. Crestan, G. Cusumano, M. Della Valle, M. Del Santo, A. La Barbera, V. La Parola, S. Lombardi, S. Mereghetti, G. Morlino, F. Pintore, P. Romano, S. Vercellone, A. Antonelli, C. Arcaro, C. Bigongiari, M. Böettcher, P. Bruno, A. Bulgarelli, V. Conforti, A. Costa, E. de Gouveia Dal Pino, V. Fioretti, S. Germani, A. Ghedina, F. Gianotti, V. Giordano, F. Incardona, G. Leto, F. Longo, A. López Oramas, F. Lucarelli, B. Olmi, A. Pagliaro, N. Parmiggiani, G. Romeo, A. Stamerra, V. Testa, G. Tosti, G. Umana, L. Zampieri, P. Caraveo, and G. Pareschi

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Space and Planetary Science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The ASTRI (Astrofisica con Specchi a Tecnologia Replicante Italiana) Mini-Array will be composed of nine imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes at the Observatorio del Teide site. The array will be best suited for astrophysical observations in the 0.3-200 TeV range with an angular resolution of few arc-minutes and an energy resolution of 10-15\%. A core-science programme in the first four years will be devoted to a limited number of key targets, addressing the most important open scientific questions in the very-high energy domain. At the same time, thanks to a wide field of view of about 10 degrees, ASTRI Mini-Array will observe many additional field sources, which will constitute the basis for the long-term observatory programme that will eventually cover all the accessible sky. In this paper, we review different astrophysical Galactic environments, e.g. pulsar wind nebulae, supernova remnants, and gamma-ray binaries, and show the results from a set of ASTRI Mini-Array simulations of some of these field sources made to highlight the expected performance of the array (even at large offset angles) and the important additional observatory science that will complement the core-science program., Comment: Accepted for publication in Journal of High-Energy Astrophysics

Published
2022
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2. The ASTRI Mini-Array of cherenkov telescopes at the observatorio del teide

Author

S., Scuderi, A., Giuliani, G., Pareschi, G., Tosti, O., Catalano, E., Amato, A., Antonelli L., J., Becerra Gonzáles, G., Bellassai, Bigongiari, B., Biondo, M., Böttcher, G., Bonanno, G., Bonnoli, P., Bruno, A., Bulgarelli, R., Canestrari, M., Capalbi, P., Caraveo, M., Cardillo, V., Conforti, G., Contino, M., Corpora, A., Costa, G., Cusumano, A., D'Aí, E., de Gouveia Dal Pino, R., Della Ceca, D., Escribano Rodriguez E. Falceta Gonçalves, C., Fermino, M., Fiori, V., Fioretti, M., Fiorini, S., Gallozzi, C., Gargano, S., Garozzo, S., Germani, A., Ghedina, F., Gianotti, S., Giarrusso, R., Gimenes, V., Giordano, A., Grillo, C., Grivel Gelly, D., Impiombato, F., Incardona, S., Incorvaia, S., Iovenitti, A., La Barbera, N., La Palombara, V., La Parola, A., Lamastra, L., Lessio, G., Leto, F., Lo Gerfo, M., Lodi, S., Lombardi, F., Longo, F., Lucarelli, C., Maccarone M., D., Marano, E., Martinetti, S., Mereghetti, A., Micciché, R., Millul, T., Mineo, D., Mollica, G., Morlino, A., Morselli, G., Naletto, G., Nicotra, A., Pagliaro, N., Parmiggiani, G., Piano, F., Pintore, E., Poretti, B., Olmi, G., Rodeghiero, G., Rodriguez Fernandez, P., Romano, G., Romeo, F., Russo, P., Sangiorgi, G., Saturni F., H., Schwarz J., Sciacca, G., Sironi, G., Sottile, A., Stamerra, G., Tagliaferri, V., Testa, G., Umana, M., Uslenghi, S., Vercellone, L., Zampieri, and R, Zanmar Sanchez

Subjects
Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescope, Very high-energy Gamma rays, ASTRI, Schwarzschild-Couder telescopes, Space and Planetary Science, TELESCÓPIOS, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The ASTRI Mini-Array (MA) is an INAF project to build and operate a facility to study astronomical sources emitting at very high-energy in the TeV spectral band. The ASTRI MA consists of a group of nine innovative Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The telescopes will be installed at the Teide Astronomical Observatory of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC) in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) on the basis of a host agreement with INAF. Thanks to its expected overall performance, better than those of current Cherenkov telescopes' arrays for energies above \sim 5 TeV and up to 100 TeV and beyond, the ASTRI MA will represent an important instrument to perform deep observations of the Galactic and extra-Galactic sky at these energies., 19 pages, 22 figures

Published
2022

3. Fermi Large Area Telescope Performance After 10 Years Of Operation

Author

Soebur Razzaque, R. Buehler, T. A. Porter, J. Li, Peter F. Michelson, Marcello Giroletti, L. Tibaldo, F. Piron, Denis Bastieri, N. Saggini, N. Di Lalla, G. Tosti, Dario Gasparrini, Francesco Longo, A. Fiori, Stefan Larsson, J. G. Thayer, Ioannis Liodakis, F. Fana Dirirsa, W. B. Atwood, Luca Baldini, J. S. Perkins, M. Ceccanti, Alessandro Brez, D. Serini, Sylvain Guiriec, Stefano Ciprini, Mn Mazziotta, S. Rainò, Tsunefumi Mizuno, G. Foglia, M. Razzano, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, J. Bregeon, Sina Chen, L. Di Venere, Michele Pinchera, T. J. Johnson, Seth Digel, Elliott D. Bloom, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, M.-H. Grondin, F. Gargano, Hiroyasu Tajima, R. Primavera, Ronaldo Bellazzini, J. E. Grove, Yasushi Fukazawa, E. Orlando, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Marco Ajello, E. Rapposelli, Roopesh Ojha, Denise A. Smith, E. Hays, P. M. Saz Parkinson, E. J. Siskind, G. Principe, Manuel Meyer, P. Fusco, N. Menon, Diego F. Torres, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, J. Valverde, Matthew Kerr, Elisabetta Bissaldi, H. Poon, M. Orienti, S. Buson, Vaidehi S. Paliya, D. J. Thompson, D. Fabiani, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, Magnus Axelsson, A. Reimer, Massimo Minuti, S. Maldera, J. J. Russell, Warit Mitthumsiri, R. Bagagli, S. Griffin, F. D'Ammando, T. Kamae, G. Martí-Devesa, Z. Pei, E. Cavazzuti, E. Nuss, David Paneque, P. Spinelli, T. Glanzman, M. Bagni, F. de Palma, Alessandro Paccagnella, M. Kuss, Aaron Dominguez, M. Mongelli, Luca Latronico, Igor V. Moskalenko, Gloria Spandre, N. Scolieri, R. A. Cameron, G. Jóhannesson, Gabrijela Zaharijas, Alberto Manfreda, L. Vigiani, Bindu Rani, P. Bruel, Ismaël Cognard, Olaf Reimer, D. Horan, P. de la Torre Luque, L. Guillemot, M. E. Monzani, F. Bellardi, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, David A. Green, I. Mereu, P. Caraveo, S. Cutini, D. J. Suson, C. C. Cheung, R. Bonino, P. Lubrano, M. Gustafsson, J. L. Racusin, M. Negro, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Bagagli, R., Bagni, M., Baldini, L., Bastieri, D., Bellardi, F., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Ceccanti, M., Chen, S., Cheung, C. C., Ciprini, S., Cognard, I., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cutini, S., D???ammando, F., de la Torre Luque, P., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dirirsa, F., Di Lalla, N., Di Venere, L., Dom??nguez, A., Fabiani, D., Ferrara, E. C., Fiori, A., Foglia, G., Fukazawa, Y., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Green, D., Griffin, S., Grondin, M. -H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Gustafsson, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., J??hannesson, G., Johnson, T. J., Kamae, T., Kerr, M., Kuss, M., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Li, J., Liodakis, I., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mart??-Devesa, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Menon, N., Mereu, I., Meyer, M., Michelson, P. F., Minuti, M., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Mongelli, M., Monzani, M. E., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ojha, R., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Paccagnella, A., Paliya, V. S., Paneque, D., Pei, Z., Perkins, J. S., Pesce-Rollins, M., Pinchera, M., Piron, F., Poon, H., Porter, T. A., Primavera, R., Principe, G., Racusin, J. L., Rain??, S., Rando, R., Rani, B., Rapposelli, E., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Russell, J. J., Saggini, N., Saz Parkinson, P. M., Scolieri, N., Serini, D., Sgr??, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Valverde, J., Vigiani, L., and Zaharijas, G.

Subjects
Calibration (statistics), Gamma-ray telescopes, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Telescope, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Calibration, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

The Large Area Telescope (LAT), the primary instrument for the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi) mission, is an imaging, wide field-of-view, high-energy gamma-ray telescope, covering the energy range from 30 MeV to more than 300 GeV. We describe the performance of the instrument at the 10-year milestone. LAT performance remains well within the specifications defined during the planning phase, validating the design choices and supporting the compelling case to extend the duration of the Fermi mission. The details provided here will be useful when designing the next generation of high-energy gamma-ray observatories., 60 pages, 28 figures. Published in ApJS

Published
2021

4. Gamma-Ray and X-Ray Observations of the Periodic-Repeater FRB 180916 During Active Phases

Author

F. Verrecchia, Giuseppe Pupillo, A. W. Chen, Valentina Fioretti, Y. Evangelista, Marco Feroci, P. W. Cattaneo, Luigi Pacciani, Francesco Longo, Maura Pilia, Simonetta Puccetti, L. A. Antonelli, A. Argan, Gianni Bernardi, Alessio Trois, C. Casentini, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, A. Ursi, Francesco Lazzarotto, G. Piano, Marco Tavani, N. Parmiggiani, C. Pittori, F. Paoletti, I. Donnarumma, S. Vercellone, L. Baroncelli, G. Di Persio, A. Morselli, Giovanni Naldi, P. Caraveo, A. Addis, M. Perri, Attilio Ferrari, Germano Bianchi, Tavani, M., Verrecchia, F., Casentini, C., Perri, M., Ursi, A., Pacciani, L., Pittori, C., Bulgarelli, A., Piano, G., Pilia, M., Bernardi, G., Addis, A., Antonelli, L. A., Argan, A., Baroncelli, L., Caraveo, P., Cattaneo, P. W., Chen, A., Costa, E., Persio, G. D., Donnarumma, I., Evangelista, Y., Feroci, M., Ferrari, A., Fioretti, V., Lazzarotto, F., Longo, F., Morselli, A., Paoletti, F., Parmiggiani, N., Trois, A., Vercellone, S., Naldi, G., Pupillo, G., Bianchi, G., Puccetti, S., ITA, USA, and ZAF

Subjects
Radio transient sources, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Gamma-ray transient sources, Luminosity, X-ray astronomy, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Radio burst, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Radio bursts, Magnetic energy, Gamma ray, Radio transient source, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Order of magnitude
Abstract

FRB 180916 is a most intriguing source at 150 Mpc distance capable of producing repeating fast radio bursts with a periodic 16.35 day temporal pattern. We report on the X-ray and $\gamma$-ray observations of FRB 180916 obtained by AGILE and Swift. We focused on the recurrent 5-day time intervals of active radio bursting and present results obtained on Feb. 3 - 8; Feb. 25; Mar. 5 - 10; Mar. 22 - 28, 2020 during a multiwavelength campaign involving high-energy and radio observations. We also searched for temporal coincidences at millisecond timescales between all known radio bursts of FRB 180916 and X-ray and MeV events detectable by AGILE. We do not detect any simultaneous event or any extended X-ray and $\gamma$-ray emission on timescales of hours/days/weeks. Our cumulative X-ray (0.3-10 keV) flux upper limit of $5 \times\,10^{-14} \rm \, erg \, cm^{-2} s^{-1}$ (obtained during 5-day active intervals) translates into an isotropic luminosity upper limit of $L_{X,UL} \sim 1.5 \times\, 10^{41} \rm erg \, s^{-1}$. Observations above 100 MeV over a many-year timescale provide an average luminosity upper limit one order of magnitude larger. These results provide the so-far most stringent limits on high-energy emission from FRB 180916 and constrain the dissipation of magnetic energy from a magnetar-like source of radius $R_m$, internal magnetic field $B_m$ and dissipation timescale $\tau_d$ to satisfy the relation $R_{m,6}^3 B_{m,16}^2 \tau_{d,8}^{-1} \lesssim 1$, where $R_{m,6}$ is $R_m$ in units of $10^6$ cm, $B_{m,16}$ is $B_m$ in units of $10^{16}$ G, and $\tau_{d,8}$ in units of $10^8$ s., Comment: Accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal Letters on April 5, 2020

Published
2020

5. Constraining Models of the Pulsar Wind Nebula in SNR G0.9+0.1 via Simulation of its Detection Properties using the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

A. Burtovoi, L Tibaldo, Luca Zampieri, Michele Fiori, P. Caraveo, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Spectral shape analysis, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, cosmic rays -gamma-rays -pulsars -supernova remnants, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Radiation, magnetization, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar wind nebula, Power law, VHE, 0103 physical sciences, supernova, energy: density, pulsar: model, Supernova remnant, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, model: leptonic, energy: low, ISM: supernova remnants, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, instrumentation: detectors, Galactic Center, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma-rays: general, supernovae: individual: SNR G0.9+0.1, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, time dependence, spectral, galaxy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

SNR G0.9+0.1 is a well known source in the direction of the Galactic Center composed by a Supernova Remnant (SNR) and a Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN) in the core. We investigate the potential of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), simulating observations of SNR G0.9+0.1. We studied the spatial and spectral properties of this source and estimated the systematic errors of these measurements. The source will be resolved if the VHE emission region is bigger than $\sim0.65'$. It will also be possible to distinguish between different spectral models and calculate the cut-off energy. The systematic errors are dominated by the IRF instrumental uncertainties, especially at low energies. We computed the evolution of a young PWN inside a SNR using a one-zone time-dependent leptonic model. We applied the model to the simulated CTA data and found that it will be possible to accurately measure the cut-off energy of the $\gamma$-ray spectrum. Fitting of the multiwavelength spectrum will allow us to constrain also the magnetization of the PWN. Conversely, a pure power law spectrum would rule out this model. Finally, we checked the impact of the spectral shape and the energy density of the Inter-Stellar Radiation Fields (ISRFs) on the estimate of the parameters of the PWN, finding that they are not significantly affected., Comment: 18 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Published
2020

6. First detection of the Crab Nebula at TeV energies with a Cherenkov telescope in dual-mirror Schwarzschild-Couder configuration: the ASTRI-Horn telescope

Author

S. Lombardi, O. Catalano, S. Scuderi, L. A. Antonelli, G. Pareschi, E. Antolini, L. Arrabito, G. Bellassai, K. Bernlöhr, C. Bigongiari, B. Biondo, G. Bonanno, G. Bonnoli, G. M. Böttcher, J. Bregeon, P. Bruno, R. Canestrari, M. Capalbi, P. Caraveo, P. Conconi, V. Conforti, G. Contino, G. Cusumano, E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, A. Distefano, G. Farisato, C. Fermino, M. Fiorini, A. Frigo, S. Gallozzi, C. Gargano, S. Garozzo, F. Gianotti, S. Giarrusso, R. Gimenes, E. Giro, A. Grillo, D. Impiombato, S. Incorvaia, N. La Palombara, V. La Parola, G. La Rosa, G. Leto, F. Lucarelli, M. C. Maccarone, D. Marano, E. Martinetti, A. Miccichè, R. Millul, T. Mineo, G. Nicotra, G. Occhipinti, I. Pagano, M. Perri, G. Romeo, F. Russo, B. Sacco, P. Sangiorgi, F. G. Saturni, A. Segreto, G. Sironi, G. Sottile, A. Stamerra, L. Stringhetti, G. Tagliaferri, M. Tavani, V. Testa, M. C. Timpanaro, G. Toso, G. Tosti, M. Trifoglio, G. Umana, S. Vercellone, R. Zanmar Sanchez, C. Arcaro, A. Bulgarelli, M. Cardillo, E. Cascone, A. Costa, A. D’Aì, F. D’Ammando, M. Del Santo, V. Fioretti, A. Lamastra, S. Mereghetti, F. Pintore, G. Rodeghiero, P. Romano, J. Schwarz, E. Sciacca, F. R. Vitello, A. Wolter, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), 24420530 - Böttcher, Markus, ITA, USA, FRA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
Cherenkov Telescope Array, reflection: efficiency, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, energy: threshold, Observatory, law, hardware, Cherenkov, data analysis [Methods], mirror, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, electronics, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Schwarzschild, observatory, Cardinal point, supernovae: individual: Crab Nebula, gamma ray: emission, techniques: miscellaneous, individual: Crab Nebula [Supernovae], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, technique: miscellaneous, Astrophysics and Astronomy, gamma rays: general, telescopes, methods: data analysis, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, general [Gamma rays], miscellaneous [Techniques], FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), programming, VHE, Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, detector: pixel, photomultiplier: silicon, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, calibration, supernovae: individual (Crab Nebula), Crab Nebula, Cherenkov counter, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], statistical, Telescopes, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

We report on the first detection of very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula by a Cherenkov telescope in dual-mirror Schwarzschild-Couder (SC) configuration. The result has been achieved by means of the 4 m size ASTRI-Horn telescope, operated on Mt. Etna (Italy) and developed in the context of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory preparatory phase. The dual-mirror SC design is aplanatic and characterized by a small plate scale, allowing us to implement large field of view cameras with small-size pixel sensors and a high compactness. The curved focal plane of the ASTRI camera is covered by silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs), managed by an unconventional front-end electronics based on a customized peak-sensing detector mode. The system includes internal and external calibration systems, hardware and software for control and acquisition, and the complete data archiving and processing chain. The observations of the Crab Nebula were carried out in December 2018, during the telescope verification phase, for a total observation time (after data selection) of 24.4 h, equally divided into on- and off-axis source exposure. The camera system was still under commissioning and its functionality was not yet completely exploited. Furthermore, due to recent eruptions of the Etna Volcano, the mirror reflection efficiency was reduced. Nevertheless, the observations led to the detection of the source with a statistical significance of 5.4 sigma above an energy threshold of ~3 TeV. This result provides an important step towards the use of dual-mirror systems in Cherenkov gamma-ray astronomy. A pathfinder mini-array based on nine large field-of-view ASTRI-like telescopes is under implementation., 6 pages, 2 figures

Published
2020

7. THE 2009 DECEMBER GAMMA-RAY FLARE OF 3C 454.3: THE MULTIFREQUENCY CAMPAIGN

Author

L. Salotti, E. Moretti, Mark Gurwell, C. Pittori, M. Tavani, S. Vercellone, V. Vittorini, F. Longo, T. Sakamoto, Martino Marisaldi, A. Morselli, M. Galli, P. Santolamazza, G. Barbiellini P. Caraveo, Elena Pian, C. M. Raiteri, M. Pilia, Francesco Lucarelli, A. Trois, A. Rubini, F. D'Ammando, F. Verrecchia, Michael C. Stroh, M. Prest, F. Perotti, Andrea Tiengo, E. Vallazza, P. W. Cattaneo, M. Feroci, Merja Tornikoski, M. Villata, L. Pacciani, P. Picozza, A. Pellizzoni, E. Costa, E. Del Monte, A. Rappoldi, M. Fiorini, Ryosuke Itoh, P. A. Curran, Masayuki Yamanaka, G. Pucella, F. Lazzarotto, Valeri M. Larionov, C. S. Lin, F. Gianotti, A. C. Sadun, A. Giuliani, V. Cocco, Arnaud Ferrari, P. Lipari, M. Trifoglio, M. Fiocchi, E. Morelli, Andrei Berdyugin, G. Piano, H. A. Krimm, Sandro Mereghetti, L. O. Takalo, A. D. Falcone, S. Colafrancesco, Claudio Labanti, D. Zanello, F. Fuschino, D. Fugazza, G. Di Cocco, M. Rapisarda, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, Makoto Uemura, P. Giommi, Anne Lähteenmäki, G. De Paris, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, P. Soffitta, A. W. Chen, Paolo Leto, Hugh D. Aller, E. Striani, Mahito Sasada, I. Lapshov, M. F. Aller, S. Sabatini, Pacciani L, Vittorini V, Tavani M, Fiocchi MT, Vercellone S, DAmmando F, Sakamoto T, Pian E, Raiteri CM, Villata M, Sasada M, Itoh R, Yamanaka M, Uemura M, Striani E, Fugazza D, Tiengo A, Krimm HA, Stroh MC, Falcone AD, Curran PA, Sadun AC, Lahteenmaki A, Tornikoski M, Aller HD, Aller MF, Lin CS, Larionov VM, Leto P, Takalo LO, Berdyugin A, Gurwell MA, Bulgarelli A, Chen AW, Donnarumma I, Giuliani A, Longo F, Pucella G, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Costa E, De Paris G, Del Monte E, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Ferrari A, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zanello D, Colafrancesco S, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Santolamazza P, Lucarelli F, Giommi P, Salotti L, L., Pacciani, V., Vittorini, M., Tavani, M. T., Fiocchi, S., Vercellone, F., D'Ammando, T., Sakamoto, E., Pian, C. M., Raiteri, M., Villata, M., Sasada, R., Itoh, M., Yamanaka, M., Uemura, E., Striani, D., Fugazza, A., Tiengo, H. A., Krimm, M. C., Stroh, A. D., Falcone, P. A., Curran, A. C., Sadun, A., Lahteenmaki, M., Tornikoski, H. D., Aller, M. F., Aller, C. S., Lin, V. M., Larionov, P., Leto, L. O., Takalo, A., Berdyugin, M. A., Gurwell, A., Bulgarelli, A. W., Chen, I., Donnarumma, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, G., Pucella, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, E., Costa, G. D., Pari, E. D., Monte, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, A., Ferrari, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, D., Zanello, S., Colafrancesco, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, P., Santolamazza, F., Lucarelli, P., Giommi, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, galaxies: active, Flux, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, gamma-ray source, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Active Galactic Nuclei, Spectral line, blazar, law.invention, Accretion disc, multi wavelength observation, law, quasars: general, Blazar, media_common, Physics, galaxies: individual (3C 454.3), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Wavelength, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Flare
Abstract

During the month of 2009 December, the blazar 3C 454.3 became the brightest gamma-ray source in the sky, reaching a peak flux F 2000 × 10 -8 photons cm-2 s-1 for E > 100 MeV. Starting in 2009 November intensive multifrequency campaigns monitored the 3C 454 gamma-ray outburst. Here, we report on the results of a two-month campaign involving AGILE, INTEGRAL, Swift/XRT, Swift/BAT, and Rossi XTE for the high-energy observations and Swift/UVOT, KANATA, Goddard Robotic Telescope, and REM for the near-IR/optical/UV data. GASP/WEBT provided radio and additional optical data. We detected a long-term active emission phase lasting 1 month at all wavelengths: in the gamma-ray band, peak emission was reached on 2009 December 2-3. Remarkably, this gamma-ray super-flare was not accompanied by correspondingly intense emission in the optical/UV band that reached a level substantially lower than the previous observations in 2007-2008. The lack of strong simultaneous optical brightening during the super-flare and the determination of the broadband spectral evolution severely constrain the theoretical modeling. We find that the pre- and post-flare broadband behavior can be explained by a one-zone model involving synchrotron self-Compton plus external Compton emission from an accretion disk and a broad-line region. However, the spectra of the 2009 December 2-3 super-flare and of the secondary peak emission on 2009 December 9 cannot be satisfactorily modeled by a simple one-zone model. An additional particle component is most likely active during these states. © 2010. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Published
2010

8. AGILE detection of extreme \gamma-ray activity from the blazar PKS 1510-089 during March 2009. Multifrequency analysis

Author

A. Di Paola, Mark Gurwell, L. Fuhrmann, Jochen Heidt, C. Pittori, T. Froysland, G. De Paris, M. Pasanen, Elena Pian, Tatiana S. Konstantinova, A. Rubini, Sofia O. Kurtanidze, I. M. McHardy, F. Fuschino, L. Pacciani, Sandro Mereghetti, D. A. Morozova, A. A. Arkharov, Uwe Bach, Corrado Trigilio, I. Donnarumma, P. Lipari, A. Zambra, Geiland Porrovecchio, I. Agudo, M. F. Aller, M. Feroci, Merja Tornikoski, G. Piano, Y. Evangelista, Claudio Labanti, G. Umana, Filippo D'Ammando, Carla Buemi, H. A. Krimm, S. Colafrancesco, M. Fiorini, F. Perotti, Stefano Covino, Fulvio Gianotti, E. Del Monte, G. Pucella, A. Rappoldi, Andrei Berdyugin, D. Zanello, Svetlana G. Jorstad, P. Caraveo, B. McBreen, I. S. Troitsky, Paolo Leto, A. Argan, E. Forné, F. Boffelli, Talvikki Hovatta, Erika Benítez, A. Sillanpää, P. Picozza, Arnaud Ferrari, L. Salotti, V. Vittorini, Kari Nilsson, A. Morselli, E. Striani, L. A. Antonelli, Andrea Bulgarelli, Wen Ping Chen, B. Jordan, P. Santolamazza, G. Di Cocco, Givi N. Kimeridze, M. Rapisarda, Massimo Frutti, S. Sabatini, I. Lapshov, F. Lazzarotto, A. Pellizzoni, E. Costa, Martino Marisaldi, M. Tavani, E. Vallazza, C. M. Raiteri, A. Trois, M. Pilia, H. Y. Hsiao, Omar M. Kurtanidze, Valeri M. Larionov, M. Prest, M. Roca-Sogorb, A. W. Chen, P. W. Cattaneo, P. Soffitta, Hugh D. Aller, V. Cocco, A. Giuliani, M. Orienti, M. Villata, Mauro Dolci, M. Trifoglio, Elina Lindfors, J. L. Gomez, P. Romano, Alan P. Marscher, P. Giommi, Anne Lähteenmäki, David Hiriart, G. Barbiellini, Ekaterina Koptelova, G. Giovannini, F. Longo, S. Vercellone, L. O. Takalo, E. N. Kopatskaya, M. Galli, F. Verrecchia, D. Blinov, F., D'Ammando, C. M., Raiteri, M., Villata, P., Romano, G., Pucella, H. A., Krimm, S., Covino, M., Orienti, G., Giovannini, S., Vercellone, E., Pian, I., Donnarumma, V., Vittorini, M., Tavani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, Monte, E., Paris, G., Cocco, G., Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, E., Striani, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, I., Agudo, H. D., Aller, M. F., Aller, A. A., Arkharov, U., Bach, E., Benitez, A., Berdyugin, D. A., Blinov, C. S., Buemi, W. P., Chen, Paola, A., M., Dolci, E., Forne, L., Fuhrmann, J. L., Gomez, M. A., Gurwell, B., Jordan, S. G., Jorstad, J., Heidt, D., Hiriart, T., Hovatta, H. Y., Hsiao, G., Kimeridze, T. S., Konstantinova, E. N., Kopatskaya, E., Koptelova, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. O., Kurtanidze, V. M., Larionov, A., L\ahteenm\aki, P., Leto, E., Lindfor, A. P., Marscher, B., Mcbreen, I. M., Mchardy, D. A., Morozova, K., Nilsson, M., Pasanen, M., Roca Sogorb, A., Sillanp\a\a, L. O., Takalo, M., Tornikoski, C., Trigilio, I. S., Troitsky, G., Umana, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, C., Pittori, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, L., Salotti, Anne Lähteenmäki Group, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, law, quasars: general, 0103 physical sciences, individual: PKS 1510-089 [quasars], Electronic band structure, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, general [quasars], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma rays: general, quasars: individual: PKS 1510-089, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], Synchrotron, Space and Planetary Science, active [galaxies], Peak level, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, general [gamma rays], Flare
Abstract

We report on the extreme gamma-ray activity from the FSRQ PKS 1510-089 observed by AGILE in March 2009. In the same period a radio-to-optical monitoring of the source was provided by the GASP-WEBT and REM. Moreover, several Swift ToO observations were triggered, adding important information on the source behaviour from optical/UV to hard X-rays. We paid particular attention to the calibration of the Swift/UVOT data to make it suitable to the blazars spectra. Simultaneous observations from radio to gamma rays allowed us to study in detail the correlation among the emission variability at different frequencies and to investigate the mechanisms at work. In the period 9-30 March 2009, AGILE detected an average gamma-ray flux of (311+/-21)x10^-8 ph cm^-2 s^-1 for E>100 MeV, and a peak level of (702+/-131)x10^-8 ph cm^-2 s^-1 on daily integration. The gamma-ray activity occurred during a period of increasing activity from near-IR to UV, with a flaring episode detected on 26-27 March 2009, suggesting that a single mechanism is responsible for the flux enhancement observed from near-IR to UV. By contrast, Swift/XRT observations seem to show no clear correlation of the X-ray fluxes with the optical and gamma-ray ones. However, the X-ray observations show a harder photon index (1.3-1.6) with respect to most FSRQs and a hint of harder-when-brighter behaviour, indicating the possible presence of a second emission component at soft X-ray energies. Moreover, the broad band spectrum from radio-to-UV confirmed the evidence of thermal features in the optical/UV spectrum of PKS 1510-089 also during high gamma-ray state. On the other hand, during 25-26 March 2009 a flat spectrum in the optical/UV energy band was observed, suggesting an important contribution of the synchrotron emission in this part of the spectrum during the brightest gamma-ray flare, therefore a significant shift of the synchrotron peak., 13 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2011

9. AGILE detection of intense gamma-ray activity from the blazar PKS 0537-441 in October 2008

Author

Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, F. Boffelli, G. De Paris, E. Vallazza, Martino Marisaldi, Claudio Labanti, C. Pittori, T. Froysland, Domenico Impiombato, Ennio Morelli, A. Zambra, A. Morselli, F. Longo, A. Treves, Fulvio Gianotti, A. W. Chen, P. Caraveo, M. Fiorini, L. Salotti, G. Di Cocco, Francesco Lazzarotto, F. Perotti, E. Del Monte, G. Pucella, M. Perri, Filippo D'Ammando, G. Barbiellini, V. Vittorini, M. Prest, P. Santolamazza, M. Galli, G. Piano, F. Verrecchia, Marco Tavani, P. Giommi, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Argan, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, Andrea Bulgarelli, A. Pellizzoni, Sandro Mereghetti, Enrico Costa, Maura Pilia, Elena Pian, E. Striani, Alessio Trois, P. Picozza, I. Lapshov, S. Colafrancesco, M. Trifoglio, S. Sabatini, A. Giuliani, D. Zanello, Hans A. Krimm, Massimo Rapisarda, L. A. Antonelli, V. Cocco, A. Rappoldi, Paolo Lipari, F. Fuschino, D. Fugazza, Paolo Soffitta, P. Romano, S. Vercellone, Pucella G, DAmmando F, Romano P, Treves A, Pian E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Piano G, Impiombato D, Fugazza D, Verrecchia F, Krimm HA, Donnarumma I, Tavani M, Bulgarelli A, Chen AW, Giuliani A, Longo F, Pacciani L, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Striani E, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Perri M, Pittori C, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, G., Pucella, F., D'Ammando, P., Romano, A., Treve, E., Pian, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, G., Piano, D., Impiombato, D., Fugazza, F., Verrecchia, H. A., Krimm, I., Donnarumma, M., Tavani, A., Bulgarelli, A. W., Chen, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, L., Pacciani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, E., Striani, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, M., Perri, C., Pittori, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission, gamma-ray activity, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, Context (language use), Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Active Galactic Nuclei, law.invention, Luminosity, Telescope, AGILE, X-ray, law, Target of opportunity, gamma rays: general – BL Lacertae objects: individual: PKS 0537-441 – radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Blazar, Physics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector, Space and Planetary Science, Spectral energy distribution
Abstract

Context. We report the detection by the AGILE satellite of intense gamma-ray activity from the source 1AGL J0538-4424, associated with the low-energy-peaked BL Lac PKS 0537-441, during a target of opportunity (ToO) observation performed on 2008 October 10-17, triggered by a Fermi-LAT alert, together with REM and Swift observations. Aims. The quasi-simultaneous near-infrared, optical, UV, X-ray, and gamma-ray coverage allowed us to investigate the behaviour of the source in different energy bands and study the spectral energy distribution and a theoretical model that can describe the gamma-ray state observed in mid-October. Methods. AGILE observed the source with its two co-aligned imagers: the Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector (GRID) and the hard X-ray imager (SuperAGILE), sensitive in the 30 MeV-30 GeV and 18-60 keV ranges, respectively. During the AGILE observation, the source was monitored simultaneously in the UV and X-ray bands by the Swift satellite through 6 ToO observations carried out between 2008 October 8 and 17. Moreover, the source was observed in the near-infrared and optical bands by the REM telescope on 2008 October 7, 8, and 9. Results. During 2008 October 10-17, AGILE-GRID detected gamma-ray emission from PKS 0537-441 at a significance level of 5.3-sigma with an average flux of (42 +/- 11) x 10(-8) photons cm(-2) s(-1) for energies higher than 100 MeV. A significant increase in the gamma-ray activity was detected between the first and the second halves of the observing period. REM and Swift/XRT detected the source in near-infrared/optical and X-rays during a relatively low and intermediate activity state, respectively, with no signs of evident variability in the different observations. However, Swift/UVOT detected an increase between the first and the second parts of the observing period, smaller than in the gamma-rays. Conclusions. The average gamma-ray flux of PKS 0537-441 detected by AGILE is close to the average flux observed for this source by the EGRET and Fermi-LAT instruments, with an increase of a factor 3 throughout the observation period up to a flux level slightly lower than the highest flux observed by Fermi-LAT during the first 11 months of operation. The spectral energy distribution of PKS 0537-441 in mid-October 2008 seems to require two synchrotron self-Compton components to be modelled, to account for both the near-infrared/optical bump and the X-ray data, together with the information on the gamma-ray flux level observed by AGILE. An alternative model based on the external Compton radiation, which requires an accretion disk with a relatively high luminosity, is also proposed.

Published
2010

10. The Extraordinary Gamma-Ray Flare Of The Blazar 3c 454.3

Author

E. Striani, S. Vercellone, M. Tavani, V. Vittorini, F. D’Ammando, I. Donnarumma, L. Pacciani, G. Pucella, A. Bulgarelli, M. Trifoglio, F. Gianotti, P. Giommi, A. Argan, G. Barbiellini, P. Caraveo, P. W. Cattaneo, A. W. Chen, E. Costa, G. De Paris, E. Del Monte, G. Di Cocco, Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, A. Ferrari, M. Fiorini, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, A. Giuliani, M. Giusti, C. Labanti, F. Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, F. Longo, M. Marisaldi, S. Mereghetti, E. Morelli, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, G. Piano, P. Picozza, M. Pilia, M. Prest, M. Rapisarda, A. Rappoldi, S. Sabatini, E. Scalise, P. Soffitta, A. Trois, E. Vallazza, A. Zambra, D. Zanello, C. Pittori, F. Verrecchia, P. Santolamazza, F. Lucarelli, S. Colafrancesco, L. A. Antonelli, L. Salotti, E., Striani, S., Vercellone, M., Tavani, V., Vittorini, F., D'Ammando, I., Donnarumma, L., Pacciani, G., Pucella, A., Bulgarelli, M., Trifoglio, F., Gianotti, P., Giommi, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, E., Costa, G. D., Pari, E. D., Monte, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, A., Giuliani, M., Giusti, C., Labanti, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, E., Scalise, P., Soffitta, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, P., Santolamazza, F., Lucarelli, S., Colafrancesco, L. A., Antonelli, L., Salotti, Striani E, Vercellone S, Tavani M, Vittorini V, DAmmando F, Donnarumma I, Pacciani L, Pucella G, Bulgarelli A, Trifoglio M, Gianotti F, Giommi P, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Costa E, De Paris G, Del Monte E, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Giuliani A, Giusti M, Labanti C, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Scalise E, Soffitta P, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Santolamazza P, Lucarelli F, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli LA, and Salotti L

Subjects
Agile, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), blazar, gamma detection, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Type (model theory), Vela, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Active Galactic Nuclei, law.invention, Pulsar, law, Blazar, Physics, gamma rays: galaxies – quasars: individual (3C 454.3), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Flare
Abstract

We present the gamma-ray data of the extraordinary flaring activity above 100 MeV from the flat spectrum radio quasar 3C 454.3 detected by AGILE during the month of December 2009. 3C 454.3, that has been among the most active blazars of the FSRQ type since 2007, was detected in the gamma-ray range with a progressively rising flux since November 10, 2009. The gamma-ray flux reached a value comparable with that of the Vela pulsar on December 2, 2009. Remarkably, between December 2 and 3, 2009 the source more than doubled its gamma-ray emission and became the brightest gamma-ray source in the sky with a peak flux of F_{\gamma,p} = (2000 \pm 400) x 10^-8 ph cm^-2 s^-1 for a 1-day integration above 100 MeV. The gamma-ray intensity decreased in the following days with the source flux remaining at large values near F \simeq (1000 \pm 200) x 10^-8 ph cm^-2 s^-1 for more than a week. This exceptional gamma-ray flare dissipated among the largest ever detected intrinsic radiated power in gamma-rays above 100 MeV (L_{\gamma, source, peak} \simeq 3 x 10^46 erg s^-1, for a relativistic Doppler factor of {\delta} \simeq 30). The total isotropic irradiated energy of the month-long episode in the range 100 MeV - 3 GeV is E_{\gamma,iso} \simeq 10^56 erg. We report the intensity and spectral evolution of the gamma-ray emission across the flaring episode. We briefly discuss the important theoretical implications of our detection., Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures, ApJ accepted

Published
2010

11. Multiwavelength Observations Of 3c 454.3. Ii. The Agile 2007 December Campaign

Author

I. Donnarumma, G. Pucella, V. Vittorini, F. D'Ammando, S. Vercellone, C. M. Raiteri, M. Villata, M. Perri, W. P. Chen, R. L. Smart, J. Kataoka, N. Kawai, Y. Mori, G. Tosti, D. Impiombato, T. Takahashi, R. Sato, M. Tavani, A. Bulgarelli, A. W. Chen, A. Giuliani, F. Longo, L. Pacciani, A. Argan, G. Barbiellini, F. Boffelli, P. Caraveo, P. W. Cattaneo, V. Cocco, T. Contessi, E. Costa, E. Del Monte, G. De Paris, G. Di Cocco, Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, A. Ferrari, M. Fiorini, T. Froysland, M. Frutti, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, F. Gianotti, C. Labanti, I. Lapshov, F. Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, M. Marisaldi, M. Mastropietro, S. Mereghetti, E. Morelli, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, G. Piano, P. Picozza, M. Pilia, G. Porrovecchio, M. Prest, M. Rapisarda, A. Rappoldi, A. Rubini, S. Sabatini, E. Scalise, P. Soffitta, E. Striani, M. Trifoglio, A. Trois, E. Vallazza, A. Zambra, D. Zanello, C. Pittori, P. Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia, P. Giommi, L. A. Antonelli, S. Colafrancesco, L. Salotti, Donnarumma I, Pucella G, Vittorini V, DAmmando F, Vercellone S, Raiteri CM, Villata M, Perri M, Chen WP, Smart RL, Kataoka J, Kawai N, Mori Y, Tosti G, Impiombato D, Takahashi T, Sato R, Tavani M, Bulgarelli A, Chen AW, Giuliani A, Longo F, Pacciani L, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Contessi T, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Frutti M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Sabatini S, Scalise E, Soffitta P, Striani E, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Antonelli A, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, I., Donnarumma, G., Pucella, V., Vittorini, F., D'Ammando, S., Vercellone, C. M., Raiteri, M., Villata, M., Perri, W. P., Chen, R. L., Smart, J., Kataoka, N., Kawai, Y., Mori, G., Tosti, D., Impiombato, T., Takahashi, R., Sato, M., Tavani, A., Bulgarelli, A. W., Chen, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, L., Pacciani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, T., Contessi, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, E., Scalise, P., Soffitta, E., Striani, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Photon, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Active Galactic Nuclei, blazar, law.invention, law, Target of opportunity, quasars: general, multiwavelength campaign, Blazar, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Line (formation), Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), We report on the second Astrorivelatore Gamma a Immagini Leggero (AGILE) multiwavelength campaign of the blazar 3C 454.3 during the first half of 2007 December. This campaign involved AGILE, Spitzer, Swift, Suzaku, the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) consortium, the Rapid Eye Mount (REM), and the Multicolor Imaging Telescopes for Survey and Monstrous Explosions (MITSuME) telescopes, offering a broadband coverage that allowed for a simultaneous sampling of the synchrotron and inverse Compton (IC) emissions. The two-week AGILE monitoring was accompanied by radio to optical monitoring by WEBT and REM, and by sparse observations in mid-infrared and soft/hard X-ray energy bands performed by means of Target of Opportunity observations by Spitzer, Swift, and Suzaku, respectively. The source was detected with an average flux of ~250 × 10^-8 photons cm^-2 s^-1 above 100 MeV, typical of its flaring states. The simultaneous optical and γ-ray monitoring allowed us to study the time lag associated with the variability in the two energy bands, resulting in a possible lsimone-day delay of the γ-ray emission with respect to the optical one. From the simultaneous optical and γ-ray fast flare detected on December 12, we can constrain the delay between the γ-ray and optical emissions within 12 hr. Moreover, we obtain three spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with simultaneous data for 2007 December 5, 13, and 15, characterized by the widest multifrequency coverage. We found that a model with an external Compton on seed photons by a standard disk and reprocessed by the broad-line regions does not describe in a satisfactory way the SEDs of 2007 December 5, 13, and 15. An additional contribution, possibly from the hot corona with T = 106 K surrounding the jet, is required to account simultaneously for the softness of the synchrotron and the hardness of the IC emissions during those epochs, Astronomy and Astrophysics, galaxies: jets, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Corona, Synchrotron, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: individual: 3C 454.3, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma rays: observations, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Flare
Abstract

著者人数：79名, Accepted: 2009-10-29, 資料番号: SA1000754000

Published
2009

12. THE JUNE 2008 FLARE OF MARKARIAN 421 FROM OPTICAL TO TeV ENERGIES

Author

I. Donnarumma, V. Vittorini, S. Vercellone, E. Del Monte, M. Feroci, F. D'Ammando, L. Pacciani, A. W. Chen, M. Tavani, A. Bulgarelli, A. Giuliani, F. Longo, G. Pucella, A. Argan, G. Barbiellini, F. Boffelli, P. Caraveo, P. W. Cattaneo, V. Cocco, E. Costa, G. De Paris, G. Di Cocco, Y. Evangelista, M. Fiorini, T. Froysland, M. Frutti, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, F. Gianotti, C. Labanti, I. Lapshov, F. Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, M. Marisaldi, M. Mastropietro, S. Mereghetti, E. Morelli, A. Morselli, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, P. Picozza, G. Porrovecchio, M. Prest, M. Rapisarda, A. Rappoldi, A. Rubini, P. Soffitta, M. Trifoglio, A. Trois, E. Vallazza, A. Zambra, D. Zanello, C. Pittori, P. Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia, P. Giommi, S. Colafrancesco, L. Salotti, M. Villata, C. M. Raiteri, W. P. Chen, N. V. Efimova, B. Jordan, T. S. Konstantinova, E. Koptelova, O. M. Kurtanidze, V. M. Larionov, J. A. Ros, A. C. Sadun, H. Anderhub, L. A. Antonelli, P. Antoranz, M. Backes, C. Baixeras, S. Balestra, J. A. Barrio, H. Bartko, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra González, J. K. Becker, W. Bednarek, K. Berger, E. Bernardini, A. Biland, R. K. Bock, G. Bonnoli, P. Bordas, D. Borla Tridon, V. Bosch-Ramon, T. Bretz, I. Britvitch, M. Camara, E. Carmona, A. Chilingarian, S. Commichau, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, M. T. Costado, S. Covino, V. Curtef, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, E. De Cea del Pozo, R. de los Reyes, B. De Lotto, M. De Maria, F. De Sabata, C. Delgado Mendez, A. Dominguez, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Elsaesser, M. Errando, D. Ferenc, E. Fernández, R. Firpo, M. V. Fonseca, L. Font, N. Galante, R. J. García López, M. Garczarczyk, M. Gaug, F. Goebel, D. Hadasch, M. Hayashida, A. Herrero, D. Höhne-Mönch, J. Hose, C. C. Hsu, S. Huber, T. Jogler, D. Kranich, A. La Barbera, A. Laille, E. Leonardo, E. Lindfors, S. Lombardi, M. López, E. Lorenz, P. Majumdar, G. Maneva, N. Mankuzhiyil, K. Mannheim, L. Maraschi, M. Mariotti, M. Martínez, D. Mazin, M. Meucci, M. Meyer, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, J. Moldón, M. Moles, A. Moralejo, D. Nieto, K. Nilsson, J. Ninkovic, I. Oya, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, M. Pasanen, D. Pascoli, F. Pauss, R. G. Pegna, M. A. Perez-Torres, M. Persic, L. Peruzzo, F. Prada, E. Prandini, N. Puchades, A. Raymers, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, J. Rico, M. Rissi, A. Robert, S. Rügamer, A. Saggion, T. Y. Saito, M. Salvati, M. Sanchez-Conde, P. Sartori, K. Satalecka, V. Scalzotto, V. Scapin, T. Schweizer, M. Shayduk, K. Shinozaki, S. N. Shore, N. Sidro, A. Sierpowska-Bartosik, A. Sillanpää, J. Sitarek, D. Sobczynska, F. Spanier, A. Stamerra, L. S. Stark, L. Takalo, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, D. Tescaro, M. Teshima, M. Tluczykont, D. F. Torres, N. Turini, H. Vankov, A. Venturini, V. Vitale, R. M. Wagner, W. Wittek, V. Zabalza, F. Zandanel, R. Zanin, J. Zapatero, V. Acciari, E. Aliu, T. Arlen, M. Beilicke, W. Benbow, S. M. Bradbury, J. H. Buckley, V. Bugaev, Y. Butt, K. Byrum, A. Cannon, A. Cesarini, Y. C. Chow, L. Ciupik, P. Cogan, P. Colin, W. Cui, M. K. Daniel, R. Dickherber, C. Duke, T. Ergin, S. J. Fegan, J. P. Finley, G. Finnegan, P. Fortin, A. Furniss, D. Gall, G. H. Gillanders, R. Guenette, G. Gyuk, J. Grube, D. Hanna, J. Holder, D. Horan, C. M. Hui, T. Brian Humensky, A. Imran, P. Kaaret, N. Karlsson, M. Kertzman, D. Kieda, J. Kildea, A. Konopelko, H. Krawczynski, F. Krennrich, M. J. Lang, S. LeBohec, G. Maier, A. McCann, M. McCutcheon, A. Milovanovic, P. Moriarty, T. Nagai, R. A. Ong, A. N. Otte, D. Pandel, J. S. Perkins, A. Pichel, M. Pohl, K. Ragan, L. C. Reyes, P. T. Reynolds, E. Roache, H. J. Rose, M. Schroedter, G. H. Sembroski, A. W. Smith, D. Steele, S. P. Swordy, M. Theiling, J. A. Toner, L. Valcarcel, A. Varlotta, S. P. Wakely, J. E. Ward, T. C. Weekes, A. Weinstein, D. A. Williams, S. Wissel, M. Wood, B. Zitzer, I., Donnarumma, V., Vittorini, S., Vercellone, E. D., Monte, M., Feroci, F., D'Ammando, L., Pacciani, A. W., Chen, M., Tavani, A., Bulgarelli, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, G., Pucella, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, L., Salotti, M., Villata, C. M., Raiteri, W. P., Chen, N. V., Efimova, B., Jordan, T. S., Konstantinova, E., Koptelova, O. M., Kurtanidze, V. M., Larionov, J. A., Ro, A. C., Sadun, H., Anderhub, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Backe, C., Baixera, S., Balestra, J. A., Barrio, H., Bartko, D., Bastieri, J. B., Gonzalez, J. K., Becker, W., Bednarek, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, R. K., Bock, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, D. B., Tridon, V., Bosch Ramon, T., Bretz, I., Britvitch, M., Camara, E., Carmona, A., Chilingarian, S., Commichau, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, M. T., Costado, S., Covino, V., Curtef, F., Dazzi, A. D., Angeli, E. D., Del Pozo, R. D., Reye, B. D., Lotto, M. D., Maria, F. D., Sabata, C. D., Mendez, A., Dominguez, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Elsaesser, M., Errando, D., Ferenc, E., Fernandez, R., Firpo, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, N., Galante, R. J. G., Lopez, M., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, F., Goebel, D., Hadasch, M., Hayashida, A., Herrero, D., Hohne Monch, J., Hose, C. C., Hsu, S., Huber, T., Jogler, D., Kranich, A. L., Barbera, A., Laille, E., Leonardo, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, M., Lopez, E., Lorenz, P., Majumdar, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, M., Mariotti, M., Martinez, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, M., Meyer, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, J., Moldon, M., Mole, A., Moralejo, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, J., Ninkovic, I., Oya, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, M., Pasanen, D., Pascoli, F., Pau, R. G., Pegna, M. A., Perez Torre, M., Persic, L., Peruzzo, F., Prada, E., Prandini, N., Puchade, A., Raymer, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, M., Rissi, A., Robert, S., Rugamer, A., Saggion, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, M., Sanchez Conde, P., Sartori, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, T., Schweizer, M., Shayduk, K., Shinozaki, S. N., Shore, N., Sidro, A., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanpaa, J., Sitarek, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, A., Stamerra, L. S., Stark, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, D. F., Torre, N., Turini, H., Vankov, A., Venturini, V., Vitale, R. M., Wagner, W., Wittek, V., Zabalza, F., Zandanel, R., Zanin, J., Zapatero, V., Acciari, E., Aliu, T., Arlen, M., Beilicke, W., Benbow, S. M., Bradbury, J. H., Buckley, V., Bugaev, Y., Butt, K., Byrum, A., Cannon, A., Cesarini, Y. C., Chow, L., Ciupik, P., Cogan, P., Colin, W., Cui, M. K., Daniel, R., Dickherber, C., Duke, T., Ergin, S. J., Fegan, J. P., Finley, G., Finnegan, P., Fortin, A., Furni, D., Gall, G. H., Gillander, R., Guenette, G., Gyuk, J., Grube, D., Hanna, J., Holder, D., Horan, C. M., Hui, T. B., Humensky, A., Imran, P., Kaaret, N., Karlsson, M., Kertzman, D., Kieda, J., Kildea, A., Konopelko, H., Krawczynski, F., Krennrich, M. J., Lang, S., Lebohec, G., Maier, A., Mccann, M., Mccutcheon, A., Milovanovic, P., Moriarty, T., Nagai, R. A., Ong, A. N., Otte, D., Pandel, J. S., Perkin, A., Pichel, M., Pohl, K., Ragan, L. C., Reye, P. T., Reynold, E., Roache, H. J., Rose, M., Schroedter, G. H., Sembroski, A. W., Smith, D., Steele, S. P., Swordy, M., Theiling, J. A., Toner, L., Valcarcel, A., Varlotta, S. P., Wakely, J. E., Ward, T. C., Weeke, A., Weinstein, D. A., William, S., Wissel, M., Wood, B., Zitzer, Donnarumma I, Vittorini V, Vercellone S, del Monte E, Feroci M, DAmmando F, Pacciani L, Chen A W, Tavani M, Bulgarelli A, Giuliani A, Longo F, Pucella G, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Caraveo P, Cattaneo P W, Cocco V, Costa E, DeParis G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Frutti M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, Villata M, Raiteri C M, Chen W P, Efimova N V, Jordan B, Konstantinova T S, Koptelova E, Kurtanidze O M, Larionov V M, Ros J A, Sadun A C, Anderhub H, Antonelli L A, Antoranz P, Backes M, Baixeras C, Balestra S, Barrio J A, Bartko H, Bastieri D, González J Becerra, Becker J K, Bednarek W, Berger K, Bernardini E, Biland A, Bock R K, Bonnoli G, Bordas P, Tridon D Borla, Bosch-Ramon V, Bretz T, Britvitch I, Camara M, Carmona E, Chilingarian A, Commichau S, Contreras J L, Cortina J, Costado M T, Covino S, Curtef V, Dazzi F, DeAngelis A, DeCea del Pozo E, de los Reyes R, DeLotto B, DeMaria M, DeSabata F, Mendez C Delgado, Dominguez A, Dorner D, Doro M, Elsaesser D, Errando M, Ferenc D, Fernández E, Firpo R, Fonseca M V, Font L, Galante N, García López R J, Garczarczyk M, Gaug M, Goebel F, Hadasch D, Hayashida M, Herrero A, Höhne-Mönch D, Hose J, Hsu C C, Huber S, Jogler T, Kranich D, La Barbera A, Laille A, Leonardo E, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, López M, Lorenz E, Majumdar P, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, Martínez M, Mazin D, Meucci M, Meyer M, Miranda J M, Mirzoyan R, Moldón J, Moles M, Moralejo A, Nieto D, Nilsson K, Ninkovic J, Oya I, Paoletti R, Paredes J M, Pasanen M, Pascoli D, Pauss F, Pegna R G, Perez-Torres M A, Persic M, Peruzzo L, Prada F, Prandini E, Puchades N, Raymers A, Rhode W, Ribó M, Rico J, Rissi M, Robert A, Rügamer S, Saggion A, Saito T Y, Salvati M, Sanchez-Conde M, Sartori P, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schweizer T, Shayduk M, Shinozaki K, Shore S N, Sidro N, Sierpowska-Bartosik A, Sillanpää A, Sitarek J, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Stamerra A, Stark L S, Takalo L, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Tluczykont M, Torres D F, Turini N, Vankov H, Venturini A, Vitale V, Wagner R M, Wittek W, Zabalza V, Zandanel F, Zanin R, Zapatero J, Acciari V, Aliu E, Arlen T, Beilicke M, Benbow W, Bradbury S M, Buckley J H, Bugaev V, Butt Y, Byrum K, Cannon A, Cesarini A, Chow Y C, Ciupik L, Cogan P, Colin P, Cui W, Daniel M K, Dickherber R, Duke C, Ergin T, Fegan S J, Finley J P, Finnegan G, Fortin P, Furniss A, Gall D, Gillanders G H, Guenette R, Gyuk G, Grube J, Hanna D, Holder J, Horan D, Hui C M, Humensky T Brian, Imran A, Kaaret P, Karlsson N, Kertzman M, Kieda D, Kildea J, Konopelko A, Krawczynski H, Krennrich F, Lang M J, LeBohec S, Maier G, McCann A, McCutcheon M, Milovanovic A, Moriarty P, Nagai T, Ong R A, Otte A N, Pandel D, Perkins J S, Pichel A, Pohl M, Ragan K, Reyes L C, Reynolds P T, Roache E, Rose H J, Schroedter M, Sembroski G H, Smith A W, Steele D, Swordy S P, Theiling M, Toner J A, Valcarcel L, Varlotta A, Wakely S P, Ward J E, Weekes T C, Weinstein A, Williams D A, Wissel S, Wood M, and Zitzer B

Subjects
campaign, Raigs còsmics, BL Lacertae: individual: Mrk421, galaxies: jets, X-Rays: Galaxies, gamma rays: observations, radiation mechanisms: nonthermal, bl-lacertae objects, blazars, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, law.invention, Raigs gamma, law, optical, MAGIC (telescope), Agile, blazr, X-ray, gamma, high energy observation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, webt, Physics, x-ray-spectra, Astrophysics (astro-ph), gamma-rays, lac objects, xmm-newton, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Raigs X, Electricidad, Flare, outburst, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, 0103 physical sciences, X-rays, BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 421) – gamma rays: observations – galaxies: jets – radiation mechanisms: non-thermal – X-rays: galaxies, Blazar, Cosmic rays, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Active Galactic Nuclei, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Light curve, Galaxies, Galàxies, MAGIC telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Very High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, ddc:520, AGILE satellite, bl lacertae objects: individual (mrk 421), Energy (signal processing), Lepton
Abstract

We present optical, X-ray, high energy ($\lessapprox 30$ GeV) and very high energy ($\gtrapprox 100$ GeV; VHE) observations of the high-frequency peaked blazar Mrk 421 taken between 2008 May 24 and June 23. A high energy $\gamma$-ray signal was detected by AGILE with \sqrt{TS}=4.5 on June 9--15, with $F(E>100 \mathrm{MeV})= 42^{+14}_{-12}\times 10^{-8}$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. This flaring state is brighter than the average flux observed by EGRET by a factor of $\sim$3, but still consistent with the highest EGRET flux. In hard X-rays (20-60 keV) SuperAGILE resolved a 5-day flare (June 9-15) peaking at $\sim$ 55 mCrab. SuperAGILE, RXTE/ASM and Swift/BAT data show a correlated flaring structure between soft and hard X-rays. Hints of the same flaring behavior are also detected in the simultaneous optical data provided by the GASP-WEBT. A Swift/XRT observation near the flaring maximum revealed the highest 2-10 keV flux ever observed from this source, of 2.6 $\times 10^{-9}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ (i.e. > 100 mCrab). A peak synchrotron energy of $\sim$3 keV was derived, higher than typical values of $\sim$0.5-1 keV. VHE observations with MAGIC and VERITAS on June 6-8 show the flux peaking in a bright state, well correlated with the X-rays. This extraordinary set of simultaneous data, covering a twelve-decade spectral range, allowed for a deep analysis of the spectral energy distribution as well as of correlated light curves. The $\gamma$-ray flare can be interpreted within the framework of the synchrotron self-Compton model in terms of a rapid acceleration of leptons in the jet., Comment: accepted for publication in ApJL, 7 pages, 2 figures, 1 table

Published
2009

13. AGILE detection of variable gamma-ray activity from the blazar S5 0716+714 in September-October 2007

Author

F. Perotti, A. W. Chen, P. Giommi, Dario Gasparrini, Paolo Lipari, L. A. Antonelli, F. Boffelli, Arnaud Ferrari, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, D. Carosati, D. Zanello, C. Labanti, Francesco Lazzarotto, C. Pittori, Martino Marisaldi, T. Froysland, A. Argan, M. Pasanen, Valeri M. Larionov, A. Pellizzoni, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, Massimo Frutti, I. Donnarumma, S. Vercellone, G. De Paris, I. Lapshov, F. Fuschino, Massimo Rapisarda, Marco Tavani, Marcello Mastropietro, Fulvio Gianotti, A. Morselli, P. Caraveo, Sergio Colafrancesco, M. Prest, M. Villata, E. Del Monte, Paolo Soffitta, A. Giuliani, Geiland Porrovecchio, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, Alessio Trois, Ennio Morelli, F. Verrecchia, Massimiliano Fiorini, S. Cutini, P. Santolamazza, G. Pucella, Alda Rubini, Omar M. Kurtanidze, Guido Barbiellini, Y. Evangelista, V. Vittorini, M. Trifoglio, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, Filippo D'Ammando, C. M. Raiteri, Francesco Longo, V. Cocco, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, G. Di Cocco, Chen AW, DAmmando F, Villata M, Raiteri CM, Tavani M, Vittorini V, Bulgarelli A, Donnarumma I, Ferrari A, Giuliani A, Longo F, Pacciani L, Pucella G, Vercellone S, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Caraveo P, Carosati D, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Frutti M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Kurtanidze OM, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Larionov VM, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pasanen M, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Pittori C, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, A. W., Chen, F., D'Ammando, M., Villata, C. M., Raiteri, M., Tavani, V., Vittorini, A., Bulgarelli, I., Donnarumma, A., Ferrari, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, L., Pacciani, G., Pucella, S., Vercellone, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, P., Caraveo, D., Carosati, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, O. M., Kurtanidze, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, V. M., Larionov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, M., Pasanen, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, C., Pittori, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Active Galactic Nuclei, AGILE satellite, Photon, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, Spectral density, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, BL Lac S5 0716+714, Astrophysics, Light curve, law.invention, Space and Planetary Science, law, gamma rays: observations – galaxies: BL Lacertae objects: general – galaxies: BL Lacertae objects: individual: S5 0716+714, Blazar, Energy (signal processing), Flare, BL Lac object
Abstract

We report the gamma-ray activity from the intermediate BL Lac S5 0716+714 during observations acquired by the AGILE satellite in September and October 2007. These detections of activity were contemporaneous with a period of intense optical activity, which was monitored by GASP-WEBT. This simultaneous optical and gamma-ray coverage allows us to study in detail the light curves, time lags, gamma-ray photon spectrum, and Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) during different states of activity. AGILE observed the source with its two co-aligned imagers, the Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector (GRID) and the hard X-ray imager (Super-AGILE), which are sensitive to the 30 MeV-50 GeV and 18-60 keV energy ranges, respectively. Observations were completed in two different periods, the first between 2007 September 4-23, and the second between 2007 October 24-November 1. Over the period 2007 September 7-12, AGILE detected gamma-ray emission from the source at a significance level of 9.6-sigma with an average flux (E>100 MeV) of (97 +/- 15) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1}, which increased by a factor of at least four within three days. No emission was detected by Super-AGILE for the energy range 18-60 keV to a 3-sigma upper limit of 10 mCrab in 335 ksec. In October 2007, AGILE repointed toward S5 0716+714 following an intense optical flare, measuring an average flux of (47 +/- 11) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} at a significance level of 6.0-sigma. The gamma-ray flux of S5 0716+714 detected by AGILE is the highest ever detected for this blazar and one of the most intense gamma-ray fluxes detected from a BL Lac object. The SED of mid-September appears to be consistent with the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission model, but only by including two SSC components of different variabilities., 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted by A&A Letters 18/8/2008

Published
2008

14. DISCOVERY OF NINE GAMMA-RAY PULSARS INFERMILARGE AREA TELESCOPE DATA USING A NEW BLIND SEARCH METHOD

Author

M. T. Wolff, Holger J. Pletsch, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Ewan Barr, M. Dormody, Matthew Kerr, C. Aulbert, H. Fehrmann, Michael Kramer, Ralph Eatough, Benjamin William Allen, L. Guillemot, Benjamin Stappers, P. Caraveo, Fernando Camilo, Omer Celik, Paul S. Ray, J. W. T. Hessels, P. M. Saz Parkinson, Michael Keith, A. G. Lyne, M. Razzano, Scott M. Ransom, D. Parent, W. Reich, D. J. Champion, M. Marelli, Maura McLaughlin, Andrea Belfiore, Paulo C. C. Freire, A. De Luca, and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Astrophysics, gamma rays: stars, 01 natural sciences, Radio spectrum, PSR J1746-3239, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, pulsars: general, 0103 physical sciences, PSR J1620-4927, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, education.field_of_study, PSR J1803-2149, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Neutron star, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

We report the discovery of nine previously unknown gamma-ray pulsars in a blind search of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). The pulsars were found with a novel hierarchical search method originally developed for detecting continuous gravitational waves from rapidly rotating neutron stars. Designed to find isolated pulsars spinning at up to kHz frequencies, the new method is computationally efficient and incorporates several advances, including a metric-based gridding of the search parameter space (frequency, frequency derivative, and sky location) and the use of photon probability weights. The nine pulsars have spin frequencies between 3 and 12 Hz, and characteristic ages ranging from 17 kyr to 3 Myr. Two of them, PSRs J1803-2149 and J2111+ 4606, are young and energetic Galactic-plane pulsars (spin-down power above 6 × 1035 erg s-1 and ages below 100 kyr). The seven remaining pulsars, PSRs J0106+4855, J0622+3749, J1620-4927, J1746-3239, J2028+3332, J2030+4415, and J2139+4716, are older and less energetic; two of them are located at higher Galactic latitudes (|b| > 10°). PSR J0106+4855 has the largest characteristic age (3 Myr) and the smallest surface magnetic field (2 × 1011 G) of all LAT blind-search pulsars. PSR J2139+4716 has the lowest spin-down power (3 × 1033 erg s-1) among all non-recycled gamma-ray pulsars ever found. Despite extensive multi-frequency observations, only PSR J0106+4855 has detectable pulsations in the radio band. The other eight pulsars belong to the increasing population of radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars.

Published
2011

15. ERRATUM: 'THE FIRST FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE CATALOG OF GAMMA-RAY PULSARS' (2010, ApJS, 187, 460)

Author

Na Wang, James Chiang, Roger Blandford, B. Lott, Cristobal M. Espinoza, Jun Kataoka, Ö. Çelik, V. M. Kaspi, A. S. Johnson, S. Cutini, F. Piron, Jean Ballet, Gudlaugur Johannesson, Sinéad McGlynn, I. A. Grenier, M. Hayashida, M. Roth, A. De Luca, C. Favuzzi, Stefano Ciprini, Felix Ryde, Lucas Guillemot, B. Giebels, A. Tramacere, A. Noutsos, Stefan Funk, Guido Barbiellini, H. Tajima, Nicola Omodei, S. Murgia, V. Vasileiou, Richard Dubois, Luca Baldini, T. Mizuno, M. Marelli, M. Frailis, P. Spinelli, Scott M. Ransom, Seth Digel, M. S. Jackson, F. de Palma, Matthew G. Baring, Alice K. Harding, Fernando Camilo, Benjamin Stappers, C. Farnier, Elliott D. Bloom, B. M. Baughman, L. Tibaldo, L. R. Cominsky, Igor V. Moskalenko, T. A. Porter, Jürgen Knödlseder, Brian L Winer, Sylvain Guiriec, Gloria Spandre, S. Rainò, Eric V. Gotthelf, S. Germani, Mn Mazziotta, Olaf Reimer, A. A. Moiseev, Christo Venter, A. van Etten, Francesco Longo, P. Fusco, W. B. Atwood, Diego F. Torres, Omar Tibolla, Paul J. Wang, Andrew W. Strong, Denise A. Smith, A. Sellerholm, Roger W. Romani, Grzegorz Madejski, Nicola Giglietto, Hartmut Sadrozinski, Robert R. Rando, M. Kramer, David Sánchez, Dario Gasparrini, F. Gargano, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Gilles Theureau, Hideaki Katagiri, Luca Latronico, A. Sander, C. Meurer, T. J. Johnson, Y. Hanabata, M. N. Lovellette, F. Loparco, Paolo Giommi, Carmelo Sgrò, Denis Bastieri, P. D. Smith, Persis S. Drell, Alessandro Brez, E. Do Couto E Silva, Aous A. Abdo, T. L. Schalk, E. Nuss, W. N. Johnson, G. A. Caliandro, Paul S. Ray, C. Gwon, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Gottfried Kanbach, David Paneque, M. Kuss, A. Y. Rodriguez, Randall P. Johnson, P. Weltevrede, Robin H. D. Corbet, D. Parent, J. E. Grove, Yasushi Fukazawa, P. Caraveo, Karen Watters, E. Hays, Jan Conrad, Pascal Bruel, Ismaël Cognard, Y. Uchiyama, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, P. M. Saz Parkinson, M. Dormody, Nanda Rea, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, M. S. Strickman, Andrew Lyne, A. P. Waite, T. Kamae, Peter F. Michelson, Richard N. Manchester, M. Lemoine-Goumard, G.L. Godfrey, Charles D. Dermer, A. Makeev, K. S. Wood, J. G. Thayer, Matthew Kerr, Tadayuki Takahashi, W. Mitthumsiri, R. Claus, S. J. Fegan, M. E. Monzani, J. B. Thayer, P. R. den Hartog, Jean-Luc Starck, J. P. Norris, W. B. Focke, A. Morselli, V. Vitale, A. Chekhtman, J. Bregeon, A. Reimer, Keith Bechtol, Marco Ajello, S. Buson, J. Lande, M. Razzano, A. De Angelis, M. Brigida, T. L. Usher, M.-H. Grondin, R. E. Hughes, Stephen E. Thorsett, E. Charles, M. Ozaki, J. F. Ormes, Emanuele Bonamente, D. J. Thompson, Francesco Giordano, Hiromitsu Takahashi, D. Dumora, P. L. Nolan, N. Gehrels, Takaaki Tanaka, T. Mineo, Claudia Cecchi, T. Glanzman, E. Orlando, V. Pelassa, T. Ylinen, R. A. Cameron, Julie McEnery, Steven Ritz, D. J. Suson, T. H. Burnett, B. Berenji, Gianluca Giavitto, M. Ziegler, Takeshi Nakamori, J. M. Casandjian, E. J. Siskind, T. Ohsugi, C. C. Cheung, Magnus Axelsson, Paulo C. C. Freire, W. Mcconville, N. Vilchez, E. Striani, P. Fortin, G. Tosti, Markus Ackermann, P. Lubrano, Simon Johnston, M. Pepe, Margaret A. Livingstone, Jeffrey D. Scargle, N. Kawai, M. L. Kocian, C. Monte, T. Reposeur, A. W. Borgland, and J. H. Panetta

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Published
2011

16. Long-term AGILE monitoring of the puzzling gamma-ray source 3EG J1835+5918

Author

G. De Paris, A. Zambra, F. D'Ammando, M. Feroci, M. Fiorini, Dario Gasparrini, L. Pacciani, F. Longo, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, F. Boffelli, M. Rapisarda, P. Picozza, A. Argan, F. Perotti, E. Del Monte, G. Pucella, A. Trois, Andrea Bulgarelli, I. Donnarumma, T. Froysland, P. Soffitta, A. Pellizzoni, Guido Barbiellini, Enrico Costa, Y. Evangelista, F. Lazzarotto, V. Vittorini, V. Cocco, P. Santolamazza, M. Trifoglio, A. Giuliani, Paolo Lipari, A. W. Chen, P. Giommi, F. Fuschino, S. Vercellone, C. Pittoril, M. Galli, F. Verrecchia, Martino Marisaldi, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, P. A. Caraveo, I. Lapshov, M. Prest, S. Colafrancesco, Marco Tavani, G. Piano, A. Morselli, Claudio Labanti, L. Salotti, D. Zanello, M. Marelli, G. Di Cocco, S. Cutini, Fulvio Gianotti, Bulgarelli A, Tavani M, Caraveo P, Chen AW, Gianotti F, Trifoglio M, Marelli M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Costa E, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Soffitta P, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Giommi P, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Santolamazza P, Gasparrini D, Cutini S, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, A., Bulgarelli, M., Tavani, P., Caraveo, A. W., Chen, F., Gianotti, M., Trifoglio, M., Marelli, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, P., Soffitta, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, P., Giommi, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, P., Santolamazza, D., Gasparrini, S., Cutini, S., Colafrancesco, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Photon, Field (physics), FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Field of view, Astrophysics, Unidentified Gamma-ray Source, Power law, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE gamma ray satellite, 3EG J1835+5918, Egret, Physics, biology, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, biology.organism_classification, Term (time), Space and Planetary Science, Unidentified Gamma-ray Sources, AGILE satellite, gamma rays: observations
Abstract

We present the AGILE gamma-ray observations of the field containing the puzzling gamma-ray source 3EG J1835+5918. This source is one of the most remarkable unidentified EGRET sources. An unprecedentedly long AGILE monitoring of this source yields important information on the positional error box, flux evolution, and spectrum. 3EG J1835+5918 has been in the AGILE field of view several times in 2007 and 2008 for a total observing time of 138 days from 2007 Sept 04 to 2008 June 30 encompassing several weeks of continuous coverage. With an exposure time approximately twice that of EGRET, AGILE confirms the existence of a prominent gamma-ray source (AGL J1836+5926) at a position consistent with that of EGRET, although with a remarkably lower average flux value for photon energies greater than 100 MeV. A 5-day bin temporal analysis of the whole data set of AGL J1836+5926 shows some evidence for variability of the gamma-ray flux. The source spectrum between 100 MeV and 1 GeV can be fitted with a power law with photon index in the range 1.6-1.7, fully consistent with the EGRET value. The faint X-ray source RX J1836.2+5925 that has been proposed as a possible counterpart of 3EG J1835+5918 is well within the AGILE error box. Future continuous monitoring (both by AGILE and GLAST) is needed to confirm the gamma-ray flux variability and to unveil the source origin, a subject that is currently being pursued through a multiwavelength search for counterparts., Comment: accepted for publication by Astron. & Astrophys, 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables

Published
2008

17. AGILE Detection of a Strong Gamma-Ray Flare from the Blazar 3C 454.3

Author

T. Froysland, Martino Marisaldi, G. De Paris, Dario Gasparrini, Fulvio Gianotti, F. Perotti, F. Mauri, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, M. Prest, S. Cutini, Francesco Longo, G. Di Cocco, Paolo Giommi, Francesco Lazzarotto, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, Paolo Soffitta, F. Verrecchia, Marco Tavani, A. Pellizzoni, D. Zanello, Massimo Rapisarda, Claudio Labanti, Alessio Trois, Sergio Colafrancesco, L. A. Antonelli, P. A. Caraveo, Sandro Mereghetti, A. Giuliani, S. Vercellone, M. Fiorini, I. Donnarumma, Guido Barbiellini, A. Morselli, F. D'Ammando, Y. Evangelista, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, Paolo Lipari, E. Vallazza, F. Fuschino, V. Cocco, V. Vittorini, E. Del Monte, M. Trifoglio, G. Pucella, I. Lapshov, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, A. W. Chen, C. Pittori, S., Vercellone, A. W., Chen, A., Giuliani, A., Bulgarelli, I., Donnarumma, I., Lapshov, M., Tavani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, P., Caraveo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, D., Gasparrini, S., Cutini, P., Giommi, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, L., Salotti, Vercellone S, Chen AW, Giuliani A, Bulgarelli A, Donnarumma I, Lapshov I, Tavani M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Caraveo P, Cocco V, Costa E, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Gasparrini D, Cutini S, Giommi P, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, and Salotti L

Subjects
High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Active Galactic Nuclei, AGILE satellite, Agile, Photon, blazar, gamma and X-ray detection, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, law.invention, astro-ph, law, Blazar, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Astrophysics (astro-ph), Detector, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Space and Planetary Science, gamma rays: observations — quasars: individual (3C 454.3), Energy (signal processing), Flare
Abstract

We report the first blazar detection by the AGILE satellite. AGILE detected 3C 454.3 during a period of strongly enhanced optical emission in July 2007. AGILE observed the source with a dedicated repointing during the period 2007 July 24-30 with its two co-aligned imagers, the Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector and the hard X-ray imager Super-AGILE sensitive in the 30 MeV-50 GeV and 18-60 keV, respectively. Over the entire period, AGILE detected gamma-ray emission from 3C 454.3 at a significance level of 13.8-$\sigma$ with an average flux (E$>$100 MeV) of $(280 \pm 40) \times 10^{-8}$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. The gamma-ray flux appears to be variable towards the end of the observation. No emission was detected by Super-AGILE in the energy range 20-60 keV, with a 3-$\sigma$ upper limit of $2.3 \times 10^{-3}$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. The gamma-ray flux level of 3C 454.3 detected by AGILE is the highest ever detected for this quasar and among the most intense gamma-ray fluxes ever detected from Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars., Comment: Accepted by Astrophysical Journal Letters; 14 pages, 3 EPS Figures, 1 Table

Published
2008

18. Calibration of AGILE-GRID with in-flight data and Monte Carlo simulations

Author

F. Perotti, Ennio Morelli, Massimiliano Fiorini, Sandro Mereghetti, G. Valentini, P. W. Cattaneo, E. Moretti, C. Pittori, A. Rappoldi, V. Vittorini, P. Santolamazza, T. Contessi, G. De Paris, E. Vallazza, Francesco Longo, Fulvio Gianotti, I. Donnarumma, M. Trifoglio, A. Pellizzoni, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, M. Giusti, Alda Rubini, G. Piano, Paolo Giommi, A. Morselli, Y. Evangelista, F. Verrecchia, G. Di Cocco, Francesco Lazzarotto, E. Striani, Attilio Ferrari, Valentina Fioretti, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, Paolo Lipari, A. Argan, Maura Pilia, I. Lapshov, F. Lucarelli, Sergio Colafrancesco, Guido Barbiellini, E. Del Monte, Martino Marisaldi, G. Pucella, Massimo Rapisarda, Alessio Trois, F. Fuschino, Andrea Bulgarelli, M. Prest, D. Zanello, Enrico Costa, C. Labanti, A. Giuliani, P. A. Caraveo, A. W. Chen, S. Vercellone, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, Paolo Soffitta, Rapisarda, M., Pucella, G., Tadayuki Takahashi, Stephen S. Murray, Jan-Willem A. den Herder, A. W., Chen, A., Argan, A., Bulgarelli, P. W., Cattaneo, A., Giuliani, C., Pittori, G., Pucella, M., Tavani, A., Troi, G., Barbiellini, P., Caraveo, S., Colafrancesco, E., Costa, Paris, G., Monte, E., Cocco, G., I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, A., Ferrari, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, P., Giommi, M., Giusti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, F., Lucarelli, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Santolamazza, P., Soffitta, E., Striani, M., Trifoglio, L., Salotti, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, F., Verrecchia, V., Vittorini, D., Zanello, T., Contessi, BARBIELLINI AMIDEI, Guido, G., De Pari, E., Del Monte, G., Di Cocco, V., Fioretti, Moretti, Elena, and G., Valentini

Subjects
Photon, Monte Carlo method, X-ray telescope, techniques: image processing, Astrophysics, telescope, Orbital mechanics, Vela, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, law.invention, law, imaging detector, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Instrumentation: detector, image processing [techniques], detector [instrumentation], Detector, agile, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Calibrations, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Interpolation, Point spread function, gamma ray source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Telescope, Optics, data analysis [methods], Calibration, instrumentation: detectors, gamma rays: general, telescopes, methods: data analysis, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), business.industry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Kalman filter, calibration, silicon tracker, Computational physics, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma rays: general, Instrumentation: detectors, Methods: data analysis, Techniques: image processing, Telescopes, Orbit (dynamics), AGILE satellite, business, general [gamma rays], Methods: data analysi
Abstract

Context: AGILE is a gamma-ray astrophysics mission which has been in orbit since 23 April 2007 and continues to operate reliably. The gamma-ray detector, AGILE-GRID, has observed Galactic and extragalactic sources, many of which were collected in the first AGILE Catalog. Aims: We present the calibration of the AGILE-GRID using in-flight data and Monte Carlo simulations, producing Instrument Response Functions (IRFs) for the effective area A_eff), Energy Dispersion Probability (EDP), and Point Spread Function (PSF), each as a function of incident direction in instrument coordinates and energy. Methods: We performed Monte Carlo simulations at different gamma-ray energies and incident angles, including background rejection filters and Kalman filter-based gamma-ray reconstruction. Long integrations of in-flight observations of the Vela, Crab and Geminga sources in broad and narrow energy bands were used to validate and improve the accuracy of the instrument response functions. Results: The weighted average PSFs as a function of spectra correspond well to the data for all sources and energy bands. Conclusions: Changes in the interpolation of the PSF from Monte Carlo data and in the procedure for construction of the energy-weighted effective areas have improved the correspondence between predicted and observed fluxes and spectra of celestial calibration sources, reducing false positives and obviating the need for post-hoc energy-dependent scaling factors. The new IRFs have been publicly available from the Agile Science Data Centre since November 25, 2011, while the changes in the analysis software will be distributed in an upcoming release.

Published
2013

19. Upper limits on the high-energy emission from gamma-ray bursts observed by AGILE-GRID

Author

Arnaud Ferrari, Paolo Lipari, M. Cardillo, F. Fuschino, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, A. Pellizzoni, Elena Moretti, Paolo Soffitta, A. Giuliani, Marco Tavani, L. Salotti, A. Rappoldi, G. Di Cocco, E. Del Monte, Francesco Longo, S. Sabatini, A. Argan, M. Galli, Andrea Bulgarelli, M. Olivo, C. Pittori, F. Verrecchia, F. Lucarelli, M. Fiorini, G. Pucella, Enrico Costa, M. Giusti, Sandro Mereghetti, E. Striani, Marco Feroci, P. Santolamazza, Luigi Pacciani, Francesco Lazzarotto, L. Nava, V. Vittorini, F. Perotti, A. W. Chen, I. Lapshov, M. Trifoglio, D. Zanello, P. Giommi, Alda Rubini, P. W. Cattaneo, S. Vercellone, Fulvio Gianotti, Filippo D'Ammando, Claudio Labanti, P. Picozza, S. Cutini, M. Rapisarda, S. Colafrancesco, Martino Marisaldi, Maura Pilia, L. A. Antonelli, Alessio Trois, M. Prest, G. Piano, P. A. Caraveo, R. Desiante, G. Barbiellini, A. Morselli, E. Vallazza, Università degli Studi di Udine - University of Udine [Italie], Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut) (MPI-P), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (INFN, Sezione di Torino), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), I.C.R.E, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica - Bologna (IASF-Bo), Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica - Milano (IASF-MI), Dept. of Physics, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Natl Res Council, Perugia Div, Institute of Plant Genetics, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 3 (INFN, Sezione di Roma 3), INAF-Cagliari Astronomical Observatory, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica - Palermo (IASF-Pa), Universita degli studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' [Napoli], Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' = University of Naples (PARTHENOPE), Longo, Francesco, E., Moretti, L., Nava, R., Desiante, M., Olivo, Monte, E., A., Rappoldi, F., Fuschino, M., Marisaldi, A., Giuliani, S., Cutini, M., Feroci, E., Costa, C., Pittori, M., Tavani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, M., Cardillo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, F., D'Ammando, Cocco, G., I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, M., Giusti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, E., Striani, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, D., Zanello, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, P., Giommi, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, F., Lucarelli, L., Salotti, Longo F, Moretti E, Nava L, Desiante R, Olivo M, Del Monte E, Rappoldi A, Fuschino F, Marisaldi M, Giuliani A, Cutini S, Feroci M, Costa E, Pittori C, Tavani M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cardillo M, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, DAmmando F, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giusti M, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Mereghetti S, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rubini A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Striani E, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zanello D, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, Giommi P, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Lucarelli F, and Salotti L

Subjects
High energy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma-ray burst: general, Context (language use), Astrophysics, general [gamma-ray burst], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Bayesian data analysis, AGILE, gamma ray burst, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Grid, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma-ray burst, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Context. The detection and the characterization of the high energy emission component from individual gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is one of the key science objectives of the currently operating gamma-ray satellite AGILE, launched in April 2007. In its first two years of operation AGILE detected three GRBs with photons of energy larger than 30 MeV. One more GRB was detected in AGILE third operation year, while operating in spinning mode. Aims. For the 64 other GRBs localized during the period July 2007 to October 2009 in the field of view of the AGILE Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector (GRID), but not detected by this instrument, we estimate the count and flux upper limits on the GRB high energy emission in the AGILE-GRID energy band (30 MeV-3 GeV). Methods. To calculate the count upper limits, we adopted a Bayesian approach. The flux upper limits are derived using several assumptions on the high-energy spectral behavior. For 28 GRBs with available prompt spectral information, a flux upper limit and the comparison with the expected flux estimated from spectral extrapolation of the Band spectrum to the 30 MeV-3 GeV band are provided. Moreover, upper limits on the flux under the assumption of an extra power law component dominating the 30 MeV-3 GeV band are calculated for all GRBs and considering four different values for the spectral photon index. Finally, we performed a likelihood upper limit on the possible delayed emission up to 1 h after the GRB. Results. The estimated flux upper limits range between 1 x 10(-4) and similar to 2 x 10(-2) photons cm(-2) s(-1) and generally lie above the flux estimated from the extrapolation of the prompt emission in the 30 MeV-3 GeV band. A notable case is GRB 080721, where the AGILE-GRID upper limit suggests a steeper spectral index or the presence of a cut-off in the high energy part of the Band prompt spectrum. The four GRBs detected by AGILE-GRID show high-energy (30 MeV-3 GeV) to low-energy (1 keV-10 MeV) fluence ratios similar to those estimated in this paper for the 64 GRBs without GRID detection, favoring the possibility that AGILE-GRID detected only high-fluence, hard GRBs. From the flux upper limits derived in this work we put some constraint on high-energy radiation from the afterglow emission and from synchrotron self Compton emission in internal shocks.

Published
2012

20. AGILE detection of Cygnus X-3 {\gamma}-ray active states during the period mid-2009/mid-2010

Author

E. Moretti, Maura Pilia, Guy G. Pooley, V. Vittorini, G. De Paris, G. Di Cocco, M. Trifoglio, Alessio Trois, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, L. Salotti, F. Perotti, Francesco Lazzarotto, Francesco Longo, C. Pittori, A. Zambra, Paolo Soffitta, A. Morselli, A. Giuliani, Danny Steeghs, A. Pellizzoni, Y. Evangelista, I. Donnarumma, V. Cocco, Marco Tavani, D. Zanello, T. Contessi, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, S. Vercellone, E. Striani, Fulvio Gianotti, G. Piano, Michael L. McCollough, S. Sabatini, Sergio Colafrancesco, F. Verrecchia, P. Santolamazza, I. Lapshov, Alda Rubini, N. A. Nizhelskij, E. Del Monte, Sandro Mereghetti, Paolo Giommi, P. W. Cattaneo, N. Lavonen, A. W. Chen, Anne Lähteenmäki, Alessio Aboudan, Massimo Rapisarda, S. A. Trushkin, Guido Barbiellini, Joni Tammi, M. Prest, D. Hannikainen, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, C. Labanti, Filippo D'Ammando, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, Martino Marisaldi, Enrico Costa, M. Giusti, Karri I. I. Koljonen, Ennio Morelli, Massimiliano Fiorini, P. A. Caraveo, G. Pucella, Paolo Lipari, F. Lucarelli, F. Fuschino, Riccardo Campana, A., Bulgarelli, M., Tavani, A. W., Chen, Y., Evangelista, M., Trifoglio, F., Gianotti, G., Piano, S., Sabatini, E., Striani, G., Pooley, S., Trushkin, N. A., Nizhelskij, M., Mccollough, K. I., I., D., Hannikainen, A., L\ahteenm\aki, J., Tammi, N., Lavonen, D., Steegh, A., Aboudan, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, R., Campana, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, T., Contessi, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, Monte, E., Paris, G., Cocco, G., I., Donnarumma, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, A., Giuliani, M., Giusti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, P., Giommi, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, P., Santolamazza, F., Lucarelli, S., Colafrancesco, L., Salotti, Bulgarelli A, Tavani M, Chen AW, Evangelista Y, Trifoglio M, Gianotti F, Piano G, Sabatini S, Striani E, Pooley G, Trushkin S, Nizhelskij NA, McCollough M, Koljonen KII, Hannikainen D, Lahteenmaki A, Tammi J, Lavonen N, Steeghs D, Aboudan A, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Campana R, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Contessi T, Costa E, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Giuliani A, Giusti M, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Giommi P, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Santolamazza P, Lucarelli F, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, Anne Lähteenmäki Group, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
gamma-rays: stars, education, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, gamma-rays: stars – stars: individual: Cygnus X-3, stars [gamma-rays], Acceleration, Astrophysical jet, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), microquasar, Cygnus X-3, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, stars: individual: Cygnus X-3, Physics, star [gamma-rays], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, AGILE satellite, gamma rays, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Particle acceleration, Wavelength, Space and Planetary Science, individual: Cygnus X-3 [stars], Production (computer science), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Cygnus X-3 (Cyg X-3) is a well-known microquasar producing variable emission at all wavelengths. Cyg X-3 is a prominent X-ray binary producing relativistic jets, and studying its high energy emission is crucial for the understanding of the fundamental acceleration processes in accreting compact objects. Aims. Our goal is to study extreme particle acceleration and {\gamma}-ray production above 100 MeV during special spectral states of Cyg X- 3 usually characterized by a low hard X-ray flux and enhanced soft X-ray states. We observed Cyg X-3 with the AGILE satellite in extended time intervals from 2009 Jun.-Jul., and 2009 Nov.-2010 Jul. We report here the results of the AGILE {\gamma}-ray monitoring of Cyg X-3 as well as the results from extensive multiwavelength campaigns involving radio (RATAN-600, AMI-LA and Mets\"{a}hovi Radio Observatories) and X-ray monitoring data (XTE and Swift). We detect a series of repeated {\gamma}-ray flaring activity from Cyg X-3 that correlate with the soft X-ray states and episodes of decreasing or non-detectable hard X-ray emission. Furthermore, we detect {\gamma}-ray enhanced emission that tends to be associated with radio flares greater than 1 Jy at 15 GHz, confirming a trend already detected in previous observations. The source remained active above 100 MeV for an extended period of time (almost 1.5 months in 2009 Jun.-Jul. and 1 month in 2010 May). We study in detail the short timescale {\gamma}-ray flares that occurred before or near the radio peaks. Our results confirm the transient nature of the extreme particle acceleration from the microquasar Cyg X-3. A series of repeated {\gamma}-ray flares shows correlations with radio and X-ray emission confirming a well established trend of emission. We compare our results with Fermi-LAT and MAGIC TeV observations of Cyg X-3., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables; A&A (2011)

Published
2011

21. The AGILE observations of the hard and bright GRB 100724B

Author

P. Santolamazza, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, S. Cutini, F. Verrecchia, V. Vittorini, Paolo Giommi, M. Trifoglio, F. Perotti, E. Striani, Sandro Mereghetti, I. Lapshov, P. W. Cattaneo, A. W. Chen, Elena Moretti, Fulvio Gianotti, M. Prest, E. Del Monte, Francesco Lazzarotto, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, G. Di Cocco, Marco Feroci, Filippo D'Ammando, Paolo Soffitta, Luigi Pacciani, Guido Barbiellini, Paolo Lipari, I. Donnarumma, C. Labanti, Francesco Longo, A. Morselli, Maura Pilia, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, Alessio Trois, P. A. Caraveo, Enrico Costa, S. Vercellone, G. Piano, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, Martino Marisaldi, L. A. Antonelli, L. Salotti, Massimo Rapisarda, Y. Evangelista, A. Giuliani, C. Pittori, A. Pellizzoni, G. Pucella, F. Fuschino, Del Monte E, Barbiellini G, Donnarumma I, Fuschino F, Giuliani A, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Pucella G, Tavani M, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Argan A, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Costa E, DAmmando F, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Mereghetti S, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Striani E, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Antonelli LA, Cutini S, Pittori C, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Salotti L, E., Del Monte, G., Barbiellini, I., Donnarumma, F., Fuschino, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, G., Pucella, M., Tavani, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, A., Argan, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, Cocco, G., Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, S., Mereghetti, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, E., Striani, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, L. A., Antonelli, S., Cutini, C., Pittori, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, gamma-ray burst: individual: GRB 100724B, individual: GRB 100724B [gamma-ray burst], emission at MeV and GeV, gamma ray burst, symbols.namesake, Observatory, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Cross-correlation, AGILE satellite, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma rays: general, gamma rays: general / gamma-ray burst: individual: GRB 100724B, Lorentz factor, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, Gamma-ray burst, Interplanetary spaceflight, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Event (particle physics), general [gamma rays], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

The observation of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) in the gamma-ray band has been advanced by the AGILE and Fermi satellites after the era of the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory. AGILE and Fermi are showing that the GeV-bright GRBs share a set of common features, particularly the high fluence from the keV up to the GeV energy bands, the high value of the minimum Lorentz factor, the presence of an extended emission of gamma-rays, often delayed with respect to lower energies, and finally the possible presence of multiple spectral components. GRB 100724B, localised in a joint effort by Fermi and the InterPlanetary Newtork, is the brightest burst detected in gamma-rays so far by AGILE. Characteristic features of GRB 100724B are the simultaneous emissions at MeV and GeV, without delayed onset nor time lag as shown by the analysis of the cross correlation function, and the significant spectral evolution in hard X-rays over the event duration. In this paper we show the analysis of the AGILE data of GRB 100724B and we discuss its features in the context of the bursts observed so far in gamma-rays and the recently proposed models., 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication by A&A. Final version after the correction by the language editor

Published
2011

22. Neutral Pion Emission from Accelerated Protons in the Supernova Remnant W44

Author

Yasuo Fukui, E. Striani, Y. Evangelista, E. Del Monte, C. Pittori, Guido Barbiellini, F. Lucarelli, A. Pellizzoni, Kazufumi Torii, Paolo Soffitta, Giovanni F. Bignami, M. Cardillo, Massimo Rapisarda, Satoshi Yoshiike, Gloria Mabel Dubner, Francesco Longo, G. Castelletti, I. Donnarumma, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, S. Vercellone, G. Pucella, P. Picozza, A. Rappoldi, A. Giuliani, V. Vittorini, Paolo Giommi, M. Trifoglio, A. W. Chen, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, P. A. Caraveo, Francesco Lazzarotto, Alessio Trois, F. Verrecchia, Fulvio Gianotti, Martino Marisaldi, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, Sergio Colafrancesco, Sandro Mereghetti, T. Contessi, P. W. Cattaneo, G. Piano, A., Giuliani, M., Cardillo, M., Tavani, Y., Fukui, S., Yoshiike, K., Torii, G., Dubner, G., Castelletti, G., Barbiellini, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, E., Costa, P. W., Cattaneo, A., Chen, T., Contessi, Monte, E., I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, F., Gianotti, F., Lazzarotto, F., Lucarelli, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, G., Piano, P., Picozza, C., Pittori, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, E., Striani, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, S., Vercellone, F., Verrecchia, V., Vittorini, S., Colafrancesco, P., Giommi, and G., Bignami

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Radiation, Spectral line, Pion, acceleration of particles, cosmic rays, gamma rays: general, ISM: supernova remnants, Ejecta, Supernova remnant, acceleration of particle, cosmic ray, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Range (particle radiation), Molecular cloud, supernova remnants [ISM], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, general [gamma rays]
Abstract

We present the AGILE gamma-ray observations in the energy range 50 MeV - 10 GeV of the supernova remnant (SNR) W44, one of the most interesting systems for studying cosmic-ray production. W44 is an intermediate-age SNR (20, 000 years) and its ejecta expand in a dense medium as shown by a prominent radio shell, nearby molecular clouds, and bright [SII] emitting regions. We extend our gamma-ray analysis to energies substantially lower than previous measurements which could not conclusively establish the nature of the radiation. We find that gamma-ray emission matches remarkably well both the position and shape of the inner SNR shocked plasma. Furthermore, the gamma-ray spectrum shows a prominent peak near 1 GeV with a clear decrement at energies below a few hundreds of MeV as expected from neutral pion decay. Here we demonstrate that: (1) hadron-dominated models are consistent with all W44 multiwavelength constraints derived from radio, optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray observations; (2) ad hoc lepton-dominated models fail to explain simultaneously the well-constrained gamma-ray and radio spectra, and require a circumstellar density much larger than the value derived from observations; (3) the hadron energy spectrum is well described by a power-law (with index s = 3.0 \pm 0.1) and a low-energy cut-off at Ec = 6 \pm 1 GeV. Direct evidence for pion emission is then established in an SNR for the first time., accepted for publication on ApJL

Published
2011

23. Study of the γ-ray source 1AGL J2022+4032 in the Cygnus region

Author

F. Longo, Elsa Beatriz Giacani, G. Piano, Arnaud Ferrari, A. Zambra, F. D'Ammando, C. Pittori, M. Feroci, M. Fiorini, P. Picozza, M. Rapisarda, G. De Paris, Gloria Mabel Dubner, A. Pellizzoni, E. Costa, E. Del Monte, G. Pucella, V. Vittorini, F. Perotti, A. Trois, M. Trifoglio, A. Morselli, M. Tavani, E. Vallazza, F. Gianotti, P. A. Caraveo, A. Argan, M. Pilia, A. Giuliani, Francesco Lucarelli, P. Soffitta, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Lazzarotto, F. Fuschino, S. Vercellone, P. Lipari, P. Santolamazza, A. Rappoldi, E. Scalise, E. Striani, M. Giusti, L. Pacciani, P. W. Cattaneo, A. W. Chen, L. A. Antonelli, M. Galli, F. Verrecchia, M. Prest, S. Sabatini, P. Giommi, E. Moretti, Claudio Labanti, L. Salotti, D. Zanello, G. Di Cocco, Sandro Mereghetti, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, S. Colafrancesco, Martino Marisaldi, G. Barbiellini, A. W., Chen, G., Piano, M., Tavani, A., Troi, G., Dubner, E., Giacani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, Paris, G., Monte, E., Cocco, G., I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, M., Giusti, C., Labanti, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, E., Scalise, P., Soffitta, E., Striani, M., Trifoglio, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, P., Giommi, F., Verrecchia, F., Lucarelli, P., Santolamazza, S., Colafrancesco, L. A., Antonelli, L., Salotti, Chen AW, Piano G, Tavani M, Trois A, Dubner G, Giacani E, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Costa E, DAmmando F, De Paris G, Del Monte E, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Giusti M, Labanti C, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Scalise E, Soffitta P, Striani E, Trifoglio M, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Giommi P, Verrecchia F, Lucarelli F, Santolamazza P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli LA, and Salotti L

Subjects
pulsars: individual: 1FGL J2021.5+4026, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Ciencias Físicas, pulsars: individual: 1AGL J2022+4032, gamma rays: stars, pulsars: individual: LAT PSR J2021+4026, pulsars: individual: 3EG J2020+4017, individual: LAT PSR J2021+4026 [pulsars], Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, star [gamma rays], law.invention, Telescope, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Pulsar, law, Blazar, Supernova remnant, individual: 1FGL J2021.5+4026 [pulsars], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, individual: 3EG J2020+4017 [pulsars], purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], Light curve, stars [gamma rays], Astronomía, gamma ray, Space and Planetary Science, AGILE satellite, galactic source, supernova remnant Gamma Cygni, individual: 1AGL J2022+4032 [pulsars], pulsars: individual: 1AGL J2022+4032 / gamma rays: stars / pulsars: individual: 1FGL J2021.5+4026 / pulsars: individual: LAT PSR J2021+4026 / pulsars: individual: 3EG J2020+4017, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

Identification of gamma-ray-emitting Galactic sources is a long-standing problem in astrophysics. One such source, 1AGL J2022+4032, coincident with the interior of the radio shell of the supernova remnant Gamma Cygni (SNR G78.2+2.1) in the Cygnus Region, has recently been identified by Fermi as a gamma-ray pulsar, LAT PSR J2021+4026. We present long-term observations of 1AGL J2022+4032 with the AGILE gamma-ray telescope, measuring its flux and light curve. We compare the light curve of 1AGL J2022+4032 with that of 1AGL J2021+3652 (PSR J2021+3651), showing that the flux variability of 1AGL J2022+4032 appears to be greater than the level predicted from statistical and systematic effects and producing detailed simulations to estimate the probability of the apparent observed variability. We evaluate the possibility that the gamma-ray emission may be due to the superposition of two or more point sources, some of which may be variable, considering a number of possible counterparts. We consider the possibility of a nearby X-ray quiet microquasar contributing to the flux of 1AGL J2022+4032 to be more likely than the hypotheses of a background blazar or intrinsic gamma-ray variabilty of LAT PSR J2021+4026., 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2010

24. Direct Evidence for Hadronic Cosmic-Ray Acceleration in the Supernova Renmant IC 443

Author

C. Pittori, Marco Feroci, F. Fuschino, Luigi Pacciani, Paolo Soffitta, G. De Paris, A. Giuliani, E. Scalise, Filippo D'Ammando, V. Cocco, M. Mastropietro, E. Del Monte, V. Vittorini, Arnaud Ferrari, Paolo Lipari, M. Trifoglio, Y. Evangelista, S. Vercellone, F. Perotti, Francesco Lazzarotto, P. Santolamazza, A. Zambra, A. Pellizzoni, G. Di Cocco, E. Striani, I. Lapshov, Fulvio Gianotti, I. Donnarumma, Martino Marisaldi, L. Salotti, Elena Moretti, Alda Rubini, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Rappoldi, A. W. Chen, P. Picozza, P. Giommi, Massimo Rapisarda, G. Pucella, F. Longo, D. Zanello, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, T. Contessi, Enrico Costa, Claudio Labanti, L. A. Antonelli, G. Piano, P. A. Caraveo, M. Galli, F. Verrecchia, Sandro Mereghetti, A. Morselli, S. Colafrancesco, M. Prest, Alessio Trois, M. Pilia, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, Ennio Morelli, G. Barbiellini, E. Vallazza, M., Tavani, A., Giuliani, A. W., Chen, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, T., Contessi, F., D'Ammando, E., Costa, G. D., Pari, E. D., Monte, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, A., Ferrari, M., Feroci, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, G., Pucella, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Scalise, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, E., Striani, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, L. A., Antonelli, L., Salotti, Tavani M, Giuliani A, Chen AW, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Contessi T, DAmmando F, Costa E, De Paris G, Del Monte E, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Ferrari A, Feroci M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Pucella G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Scalise E, Rubini A, Sabatini S, Striani E, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli LA, and Salotti L

Subjects
Agile, Photon, Supernova Remnants, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Electron, Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, gamma ray production, supernova, Supernova remnant, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Molecular cloud, AGILE satellite, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, cosmic rays – gamma rays: general – ISM: supernova remnants – supernovae: general – supernovae: individual (IC 443)
Abstract

The Supernova Remnant (SNR) IC 443 is an intermediate-age remnant well known for its radio, optical, X-ray and gamma-ray energy emissions. In this Letter we study the gamma-ray emission above 100 MeV from IC 443 as obtained by the AGILE satellite. A distinct pattern of diffuse emission in the energy range 100 MeV-3 GeV is detected across the SNR with its prominent maximum (source "A") localized in the Northeastern shell with a flux F = (47 \pm 10) 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} above 100 MeV. This location is the site of the strongest shock interaction between the SNR blast wave and the dense circumstellar medium. Source "A" is not coincident with the TeV source located 0.4 degree away and associated with a dense molecular cloud complex in the SNR central region. From our observations, and from the lack of detectable diffuse TeV emission from its Northeastern rim, we demonstrate that electrons cannot be the main emitters of gamma-rays in the range 0.1-10 GeV at the site of the strongest SNR shock. The intensity, spectral characteristics, and location of the most prominent gamma-ray emission together with the absence of co-spatial detectable TeV emission are consistent only with a hadronic model of cosmic-ray acceleration in the SNR. A high-density molecular cloud (cloud "E") provides a remarkable "target" for nucleonic interactions of accelerated hadrons: our results show enhanced gamma-ray production near the molecular cloud/shocked shell interaction site. IC 443 provides the first unambiguous evidence of cosmic-ray acceleration by SNRs., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; accepted by ApJLetters on Jan 21, 2010

Published
2010
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25. A year-long AGILE observation of Cygnus X-1 in hard spectral state

Author

A. W. Chen, Francesco Lazzarotto, A. Morselli, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, E. Striani, S. Vercellone, M. Prest, C. Pittori, I. Lapshov, I. Donnarumma, E. Del Monte, Sandro Mereghetti, A. Argan, M. Galli, P. W. Cattaneo, Piergiorgio Picozza, Massimo Rapisarda, F. Fuschino, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Perotti, A. Pellizzoni, G. Di Cocco, F. Verrecchia, Enrico Costa, Elena Moretti, Filippo D'Ammando, G. Piano, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, S. Cutini, A. Giuliani, P. A. Caraveo, L. Salotti, Paolo Soffitta, Claudio Labanti, A. Zambra, Francesco Longo, L. A. Antonelli, Guido Barbiellini, Martino Marisaldi, Paolo Lipari, P. Santolamazza, Paolo Giommi, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, V. Vittorini, M. Trifoglio, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, Fulvio Gianotti, B. Preger, F. Boffelli, Y. Evangelista, G. Pucella, Del Monte E, Feroci M, Evangelista Y, Costa E, Donnarumma I, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Pacciani L, Rapisarda M, Soffitta P, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen A, DAmmando F, Di Cocco G, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Pucella G, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Striani E, Tavani M, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Antonelli LA, Cutini S, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Salotti L, E. D., Monte, M., Feroci, Y., Evangelista, E., Costa, I., Donnarumma, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, L., Pacciani, M., Rapisarda, P., Soffitta, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A., Chen, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Cocco, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, G., Pucella, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, E., Striani, M., Tavani, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, L. A., Antonelli, S., Cutini, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Black Holes, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Phase (waves), Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, cignus, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, X-ray, binaries, silicon detector, Range (statistics), Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Autocorrelation, Gamma ray, Static timing analysis, Astronomy and Astrophysics, stars: individual: Cyg X-1, gamma rays: observations, X-rays: binaries, X-rays: general, Space and Planetary Science, AGILE satellite, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

We present the observation of Cyg X-1 in hard spectral state performed during the AGILE Science Verification Phase and Observing Cycle 1 in hard X-rays (with SuperAGILE) and gamma rays (with the GRID) and lasting for about 160 days with a live time of $\sim 6$ Ms. We investigate the variability of Cyg X-1 in hard X-rays at different timescales, from $\sim 300$ s up to one day, and we apply different tools of timing analysis, such as the autocorrelation function, the first order structure function and the Lomb-Scargle periodogram, to our data (from SuperAGILE) and to the simultaneous data in soft X-rays (from RXTE/ASM). We conclude our investigation with a search for emission in the energy range above 100 MeV with the maximum likelihood technique. In the hard X-ray band the flux of Cyg X-1 shows its typical erratic fluctuations at all timescales with variations of about a factor of two that do not affect significantly the shape of the energy spectrum. From the first order structure function we find that the X-ray emission of Cyg X-1 is characterized by \textit{antipersistence}, indication of a negative feedback mechanism at work. In the gamma ray data a statistically significant point-like source at the position of Cyg X-1 is not found and the upper limit on the flux is $\mathrm{5 \times 10^{-8} \; ph \; cm^{-2} \; s^{-1}}$, over the whole observation (160 days). Finally we compare our upper limit in gamma rays with the expectation of various models of the Cyg X-1 emission, of both hadronic and leptonic origin, in the GeV -- TeV band. The time history of Cyg X-1 in the hard X-ray band over 13 months (not continuous) is shown. Different tools of analysis do not provide fully converging results of the characteristic timescales in the system, suggesting that the timescales found in the structure function are not intrinsic to the physics of the source., Comment: 15 pages and 11 figures (with subfigures). Accepted for publication by A&A.

Published
2010

26. AGILE OBSERVATIONS OF THE 'SOFT' GAMMA-RAY PULSAR PSR B1509-58

Author

A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, G. De Paris, F. Perotti, Patrick Weltevrede, Simon Johnston, A. Giuliani, A. Morselli, I. Donnarumma, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, G. Pucella, V. Cocco, Claudio Labanti, A. W. Chen, C. Pittori, T. Froysland, E. Del Monte, A. Pellizzoni, Francesco Lazzarotto, Massimiliano Fiorini, N. D'Amico, S. Sabatini, Y. Evangelista, Francesco Longo, Andrea Possenti, G. Di Cocco, Paolo Lipari, F. Lucarelli, Giovanni F. Bignami, Marco Feroci, L. Salotti, F. Fuschino, Luigi Pacciani, D. Zanello, A. Zambra, S. Vercellone, M. Burgay, V. Vittorini, Filippo D'Ammando, Paolo Soffitta, M. Trifoglio, Massimo Rapisarda, Guido Barbiellini, P. Santolamazza, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, Paolo Giommi, I. Lapshov, Paolo Esposito, Fulvio Gianotti, M. Prest, A. De Luca, P. A. Caraveo, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, G. Piano, Marco Tavani, Martino Marisaldi, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, Pilia M, Pellizzoni A, Trois A, Verrecchia F, Esposito P, Weltevrede P, Johnston S, Burgay M, Possenti A, Del Monte E, Fuschino F, Santolamazza P, Chen A, Giuliani A, Caraveo P, Mereghetti S, Tavani M, Argan A, Costa E, D'Amico N, De Luca A, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Barbiellini G, Bulgarelli A, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, DAmmando F, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Lucarelli F, Giommi P, Salotti L, Bignami GF, M., Pilia, A., Pellizzoni, A., Troi, F., Verrecchia, P., Esposito, P., Weltevrede, S., Johnston, M., Burgay, A., Possenti, E. D., Monte, F., Fuschino, P., Santolamazza, A., Chen, A., Giuliani, P., Caraveo, S., Mereghetti, M., Tavani, A., Argan, E., Costa, N., D'Amico, A. D., Luca, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, G., Barbiellini, A., Bulgarelli, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Lucarelli, P., Giommi, L., Salotti, and G. F., Bignami

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Agile, pulsar, gamma ray, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Pulsar, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, gamma rays: stars – pulsars: general – pulsars: individual (PSR J1513–5908 (B1509–58)) – stars: neutron, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Light curve, Electromagnetic radiation, Spectral line, Neutron star, Pair production, Space and Planetary Science, Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the results of new Agile observations of PSR B1509-58 performed over a period of 2.5 years following the detection obtained with a subset of the present data. The modulation significance of the lightcurve above 30 MeV is at a 5$\sigma$ confidence level and the lightcurve is similar to those found earlier by Comptel up to 30 MeV: a broad asymmetric first peak reaching its maximum 0.39 +/- 0.02 cycles after the radio peak plus a second peak at 0.94 +/- 0.03. The gamma-ray spectral energy distribution of the pulsed flux detected by Comptel and Agile is well described by a power-law (photon index alpha=1.87+/-0.09) with a remarkable cutoff at E_c=81 +/- 20 MeV, representing the softest spectrum observed among gamma-ray pulsars so far. The pulsar luminosity at E > 1 MeV is $L_{\gamma}=4.2^{+0.5}_{-0.2} \times10^{35}$ erg/s, assuming a distance of 5.2 kpc, which implies a spin-down conversion efficiency to gamma-rays of $\sim 0.03$. The unusual soft break in the spectrum of PSR B1509-58 has been interpreted in the framework of polar cap models as a signature of the exotic photon splitting process in the strong magnetic field of this pulsar. In this interpretation our spectrum constrains the magnetic altitude of the emission point(s) at 3 km above the neutron star surface, implying that the attenuation may not be as strong as formerly suggested because pair production can substitute photon splitting in regions of the magnetosphere where the magnetic field becomes too low to sustain photon splitting. In the case of an outer-gap scenario, or the two pole caustic model, better constraints on the geometry of the emission would be needed from the radio band in order to establish whether the conditions required by the models to reproduce Agile lightcurves and spectra match the polarization measurements., Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2010

27. TEMPORAL PROPERTIES OF GX 301-2 OVER A YEAR-LONG OBSERVATION WITH SuperAGILE

Author

A. Pellizzoni, F. Fuschino, L. A. Antonelli, A. W. Chen, S. Cutini, Paolo Soffitta, G. Pucella, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, F. Perotti, P. Santolamazza, M. Prest, E. Striani, M. Galli, A. Argan, Piergiorgio Picozza, Paolo Lipari, Francesco Lazzarotto, I. Lapshov, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Verrecchia, Filippo D'Ammando, Enrico Costa, Marco Tavani, G. Di Cocco, G. Piano, S. Sabatini, Massimo Rapisarda, Paolo Giommi, A. Morselli, Francesco Longo, Sandro Mereghetti, F. Boffelli, P. W. Cattaneo, Y. Evangelista, A. Giuliani, Guido Barbiellini, E. Del Monte, Martino Marisaldi, S. Vercellone, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, I. Donnarumma, P. A. Caraveo, Claudio Labanti, Elena Moretti, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Fulvio Gianotti, V. Vittorini, M. Trifoglio, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, B. Preger, C. Pittori, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, I., Donnarumma, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, L., Pacciani, M., Rapisarda, P., Soffitta, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A., Chen, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Cocco, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, G., Pucella, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, E., Striani, M., Tavani, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, L. A., Antonelli, S., Cutini, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, L., Salotti, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Costa E, Del Monte E, Donnarumma I, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Pacciani L, Rapisarda M, Soffitta P, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen A, DAmmando F, Di Cocco G, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Pucella G, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Striani E, Tavani M, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Antonelli LA, Cutini S, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, and Salotti L

Subjects
Agile, SuperAGILE, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Phase (waves), Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, X-ray binary GX 301-2, pulsar, Astrophysics, High Mass X-ray Binaries, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, law.invention, stars: neutron, X-rays: binaries, Pulsar, law, pulsars: individual (GX 3012), Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Accretion (meteorology), Astronomy and Astrophysics, AGILE satellite, Light curve, Orbital period, Secular variation, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare
Abstract

We present the long-term monitoring of the High Mass X-ray Binary GX 301-2 performed with the SuperAGILE instrument on-board the AGILE mission. The source was monitored in the 20-60 keV energy band during the first year of the mission from 2007 July 17 to 2008 August 31, covering about one whole orbital period and three more pre-periastron passages for a total net observation time of about 3.7 Ms. The SuperAGILE dataset represents one of the most continuous and complete monitoring at hard X-ray energies of the 41.5 day long binary period available to date. The source behavior was characterized at all orbital phases in terms of hard X-ray flux, spectral hardness, spin period history, pulsed fraction and pulse shape profile. We also complemented the SuperAGILE observations with the soft X-ray data of the RossiXTE/ASM. Our analysis shows a clear orbital modulation of the spectral hardness, with peaks in correspondence with the pre-periastron flare and near phase 0.25. The hardness peaks we found could be related with the wind-plus-stream accretion model proposed in order to explain the orbital light curve modulation of GX 301-2. Timing analysis of the pulsar spin period shows that the secular trend of the about 680 s pulse period is consistent with the previous observations, although there is evidence of a slight decrease in the spin-down rate. The analysis of the hard X-ray pulsed emission also showed a variable pulse shape profile as a function of the orbital phase, with substructures detected near the passage at the periastron, and a clear modulation of the pulsed fraction, which appears in turn strongly anti-correlated with the source intensity., 10 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2010

28. Episodic Transient Gamma-Ray Emission From The Microquasar Cygnus X-1

Author

E. Moretti, V. Vittorini, Claudio Labanti, A. Giuliani, M. Trifoglio, C. Pittori, Francesco Lazzarotto, Paolo Lipari, Martino Marisaldi, Attilio Ferrari, Guido Barbiellini, P. Santolamazza, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, S. Vercellone, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, E. Striani, Y. Evangelista, M. Giusti, Francesco Longo, Alda Rubini, F. Verrecchia, Ennio Morelli, Paolo Giommi, G. De Paris, Massimiliano Fiorini, Marco Tavani, F. Fuschino, G. Di Cocco, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, S. Sabatini, Sergio Colafrancesco, Fulvio Gianotti, A. Argan, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, Andrea Bulgarelli, A. Morselli, I. Donnarumma, Enrico Costa, Filippo D'Ammando, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, M. Prest, Paolo Soffitta, L. A. Antonelli, A. W. Chen, E. Del Monte, Massimo Rapisarda, G. Piano, P. A. Caraveo, Maura Pilia, D. Zanello, G. Pucella, Alessio Trois, E. Scalise, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, F. de Pasquale, Sabatini S, Tavani M, Striani E, Bulgarelli A, Vittorini V, Piano G, Del Monte E, Feroci M, de Pasquale F, Trifoglio M, Gianotti F, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, DAmmando F, Costa E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Giuliani A, Giusti M, Labanti C, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Pilia M, Pucella G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Scalise E, Soffitta P, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli LA, Salotti L, S., Sabatini, M., Tavani, E., Striani, A., Bulgarelli, V., Vittorini, G., Piano, E. D., Monte, M., Feroci, F. d., Pasquale, M., Trifoglio, F., Gianotti, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, F., D'Ammando, E., Costa, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, A., Giuliani, M., Giusti, C., Labanti, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, G., Pucella, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, E., Scalise, P., Soffitta, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, L. A., Antonelli, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Black Holes, transient gamma-ray emission, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, X-rays: binaries, Cutoff, Cygnus X-1, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Range (particle radiation), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma rays: general, stars: individual (Cygnus X-1), Galaxy, Black hole, Space and Planetary Science, AGILE satellite, Transient (oscillation), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Cygnus X-1 is the archetypal black hole (BH) binary system in our Galaxy. We report the main results of an extensive search for transient gamma-ray emission from Cygnus X-1 carried out in the energy range 100 MeV - 3 GeV by the AGILE satellite, during the period 2007 July - 2009 October. The total exposure time is about 300 days, during which the source was in the "hard" X-ray spectral state. We divided the observing intervals in 2 or 4 week periods, and searched for transient and persistent emission. We report an episode of significant transient gamma-ray emission detected on 2009, October 16 in a position compatible with Cygnus X-1 optical position. This episode, occurred during a hard spectral state of Cygnus X-1, shows that a 1-2 day time variable emission above 100 MeV can be produced during hard spectral states, having important theoretical implications for current Comptonization models for Cygnus X-1 and other microquasars. Except for this one short timescale episode, no significant gamma-ray emission was detected by AGILE. By integrating all available data we obtain a 2$\sigma$ upper limit for the total integrated flux of $F_{\gamma,U.L.} = 3 \times 10^{-8} \rm ph cm^{-2} s^{-1}$ in the energy range 100 MeV - 3 GeV. We then clearly establish the existence of a spectral cutoff in the energy range 1-100 MeV that applies to the typical hard state outside the flaring period and that confirms the historically known spectral cutoff above 1 MeV., Comment: Accepted for publication by ApJ on the 9th of Feb 2010, 5 pages, 3 figures

Published
2010

29. AGILE detection of a rapid gamma-ray flare from the blazar PKS 1510-089 during the GASP-WEBT monitoring

Author

Dario Gasparrini, A. W. Chen, Alan P. Marscher, P. Giommi, C. Pittori, Filippo D'Ammando, T. Froysland, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, M. Sorcia, Carla Buemi, F. Fuschino, Svetlana G. Jorstad, Massimo Rapisarda, Marco Feroci, Arnaud Ferrari, Luigi Pacciani, Uwe Bach, Corrado Trigilio, F. Boffelli, G. De Paris, Jochen Heidt, L. A. Antonelli, Deborah Dultzin, F. Perotti, Raúl Mújica, C. M. Raiteri, Lars Fuhrmann, G. Umana, D. Zanello, A. Zambra, A. Morselli, Mark Gurwell, Paolo Soffitta, Margo F. Aller, Kari Nilsson, Marco Tavani, E. Vallazza, Wen Ping Chen, Tatiana S. Konstantinova, S. Sabatini, I. M. McHardy, Ekaterina Koptelova, A. Rappoldi, M. Fiorini, Ivan Agudo, Martino Marisaldi, José L. Gómez, V. Cocco, J. M. Lopez, Valeri M. Larionov, S. Vercellone, Elina Lindfors, A. Pellizzoni, E. Del Monte, H. Y. Hsiao, G. Pucella, F. Longo, I. Lapshov, L. Salotti, Ivan S. Troitsky, A. Giuliani, Sandro Mereghetti, Paolo Lipari, L. O. Takalo, Mar Roca-Sogorb, P. W. Cattaneo, Omar M. Kurtanidze, Brian W. Taylor, G. Di Rico, M. Trifoglio, David Hiriart, S. Colafrancesco, P. Picozza, G. Barbiellini, G. Piano, Hugh D. Aller, Fulvio Gianotti, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, A. A. Arkharov, B. Preger, G. Di Cocco, Givi N. Kimeridze, S. Cutini, Claudio Labanti, Erika Benítez, P. Santolamazza, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, A. Di Paola, M. Galli, E. N. Kopatskaya, P. A. Caraveo, Paolo Leto, F. Verrecchia, Michael Mommert, Francesco Lazzarotto, Andrei Berdyugin, M. Pasanen, D. A. Melnichuk, M. Prest, M. Villata, D. Blinov, V. Vittorini, DAmmando F, Pucella G, Raiteri CM, Villata M, Vittorini V, Vercellone S, Donnarumma I, Longo F, Tavani M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Agudo I, Aller MF, Aller HD, Arkharov AA, Bach U, Benitez E, Berdyugin A, Blinov DA, Buemi CS, Chen WP, Di Paola A, Di Rico G, Dultzin D, Fuhrmann L, Gomez JL, Gurwell MA, Jorstad SG, Heidt J, Hiriart D, Hsiao HY, Kimeridze G, Konstantinova TS, Kopatskaya EN, Koptelova E, Kurtanidze O, Larionov VM, Leto P, Lindfors E, Lopez JM, Marscher AP, McHardy IM, Melnichuk DA, Mommert M, Mujica R, Nilsson K, Pasanen M, Roca-Sogorb M, Sorcia M, Takalo LO, Taylor B, Trigilio C, Troitsky IS, Umana G, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Salotti L, F., D'Ammando, G., Pucella, C. M., Raiteri, M., Villata, V., Vittorini, S., Vercellone, I., Donnarumma, Longo, Francesco, M., Tavani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, I., Agudo, M. F., Aller, H. D., Aller, A. A., Arkharov, U., Bach, E., Benitez, A., Berdyugin, D. A., Blinov, C. S., Buemi, W. P., Chen, A. D., Paola, G. D., Rico, D., Dultzin, L., Fuhrmann, J. L., Gomez, M. A., Gurwell, S. G., Jorstad, J., Heidt, D., Hiriart, H. Y., Hsiao, G., Kimeridze, T. S., Konstantinova, E. N., Kopatskaya, E., Koptelova, O., Kurtanidze, V. M., Larionov, P., Leto, E., Lindfor, J. M., Lopez, A. P., Marscher, I. M., Mchardy, D. A., Melnichuk, M., Mommert, R., Mujica, K., Nilsson, M., Pasanen, M., Roca Sogorb, M., Sorcia, L. O., Takalo, B., Taylor, C., Trigilio, I. S., Troitsky, G., Umana, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Active galactic nucleus, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Radio spectrum, gamma-ray flare, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Active Galactic Nuclei, law.invention, law, quasar, Blazar, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Gamma ray, Compton scattering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Space and Planetary Science, gamma-rays: observations – mechanism: non-thermal – quasars: individual (PKS 1510-089), Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the detection by the AGILE satellite of a rapid gamma-ray flare from the powerful gamma-ray quasar PKS 1510-089, during a pointing centered on the Galactic Center region from 1 March to 30 March 2008. This source has been continuosly monitored in the radio-to-optical bands by the GLAST-AGILE Support Program (GASP) of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT). Moreover, the gamma-ray flaring episode triggered three ToO observations by the Swift satellite in three consecutive days, starting from 20 March 2008. In the period 1-16 March 2008, AGILE detected gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 at a significance level of 6.2-sigma with an average flux over the entire period of (84 +/- 17) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} for photon energies above 100 MeV. After a predefined satellite re-pointing, between 17 and 21 March 2008, AGILE detected the source at a significance level of 7.3-sigma, with an average flux (E > 100 MeV) of (134 +/- 29) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} and a peak level of (281 +/- 68) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} with daily integration. During the observing period January-April 2008, the source also showed an intense and variable optical activity, with several flaring episodes and a significant increase of the flux was observed at millimetric frequencies. Moreover, in the X-ray band the Swift/XRT observations seem to show an harder-when-brighter behaviour of the source spectrum. The spectral energy distribution of mid-March 2008 is modelled with a homogeneous one-zone synchrotron self Compton emission plus contributions from inverse Compton scattering of external photons from both the accretion disc and the broad line region. Indeed, some features in the optical-UV spectrum seem to indicate the presence of Seyfert-like components, such as the little blue bump and the big blue bump., 10 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2009

30. The AGILE Mission

Author

Tavani M, Barbiellini G, Argan A, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Frutti M, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli A, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Stellato S, Fanari G, Primavera R, Tamburelli F, Viola F, Guarrera G, Salotti L, D'Amico F, Marchetti E, Crisconio M, Sabatini P, Annoni G, Alia S, Longoni A, Sanquerin R, Battilana M, Concari P, Dessimone E, Grossi R, Parise A, Monzani F, Artina E, Pavesi R, Marseguerra G, Nicolini L, Scandelli L, Soli L, Vettorello V, Zardetto E, Bonati A, Maltecca L, D'Alba E, Patane M, Babini G, Onorati F, Acquaroli L, Angelucci M, Morelli B, Agostara C, Cerone M, Michetti A, Tempesta P, D'Eramo S, Rocca F, Giannini F, Borghi G, Garavelli B, Conte M, Balasini M, Ferrario I, Vanotti M, Collavo E, Giacomazzo M., D'AMMANDO, FILIPPO, M., Tavani, G., Barbiellini, A., Argan, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G. D., Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, A., Antonelli, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, S., Stellato, G., Fanari, R., Primavera, F., Tamburelli, F., Viola, G., Guarrera, L., Salotti, F., D'Amico, E., Marchetti, M., Crisconio, P., Sabatini, G., Annoni, S., Alia, A., Longoni, R., Sanquerin, M., Battilana, P., Concari, E., Dessimone, R., Grossi, A., Parise, F., Monzani, E., Artina, R., Pavesi, G., Marseguerra, L., Nicolini, L., Scandelli, L., Soli, V., Vettorello, E., Zardetto, A., Bonati, L., Maltecca, E., D'Alba, M., Patane, G., Babini, F., Onorati, L., Acquaroli, M., Angelucci, B., Morelli, C., Agostara, M., Cerone, A., Michetti, P., Tempesta, S., D'Eramo, F., Rocca, F., Giannini, G., Borghi, B., Garavelli, M., Conte, M., Balasini, I., Ferrario, M., Vanotti, E., Collavo, M., Giacomazzo, Tavani M, Barbiellini G, Argan A, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Costa E, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Frutti M, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli A, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Stellato S, Fanari G, Primavera R, Tamburelli F, Viola F, Guarrera G, Salotti L, D'Amico F, Marchetti E, Crisconio M, Sabatini P, Annoni G, Alia S, Longoni A, Sanquerin R, Battilana M, Concari P, Dessimone E, Grossi R, Parise A, Monzani F, Artina E, Pavesi R, Marseguerra G, Nicolini L, Scandelli L, Soli L, Vettorello V, Zardetto E, Bonati A, Maltecca L, D'Alba E, Patane M, Babini G, Onorati F, Acquaroli L, Angelucci M, Morelli B, Agostara C, Cerone M, Michetti A, Tempesta P, D'Eramo S, Rocca F, Giannini F, Borghi G, Garavelli B, Conte M, Balasini M, Ferrario I, Vanotti M, Collavo E, and Giacomazzo M

Subjects
Agile, Active galactic nucleus, gamma and X ray detection, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, satellite, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar, astro-ph, Angular resolution, media_common, Physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), Astrophysics (astro-ph), Detector, AGILE satellite, Detectors, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Universe, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, Orbit (dynamics), instrumentation: detectors – techniques: high angular resolution – techniques: image processing – gamma rays: observations – X-rays: general
Abstract

AGILE is an Italian Space Agency mission dedicated to the observation of the gamma-ray Universe. The AGILE very innovative instrumentation combines for the first time a gamma-ray imager (sensitive in the energy range 30 MeV - 50 GeV), a hard X-ray imager (sensitive in the range 18-60 keV) together with a Calorimeter (sensitive in the range 300 keV - 100 MeV) and an anticoincidence system. AGILE was successfully launched on April 23, 2007 from the Indian base of Sriharikota and was inserted in an equatorial orbit with a very low particle background. AGILE provides crucial data for the study of Active Galactic Nuclei, Gamma-Ray Bursts, pulsars, unidentified gamma-ray sources, Galactic compact objects, supernova remnants, TeV sources, and fundamental physics by microsecond timing. An optimal angular resolution (reaching 0.1-0.2 degrees in gamma-rays, 1-2 arcminutes in hard X-rays) and very large fields of view (2.5 sr and 1 sr, respectively) are obtained by the use of Silicon detectors integrated in a very compact instrument. The paper describes the AGILE Mission and its space and ground segments., 20 pages, 26 figures. submitted to Astron. & Astrophys

Published
2009

31. Detection of Gamma-Ray Emission from the Eta-Carinae Region

Author

Massimo Rapisarda, C. Pittori, D. Zanello, Roberto Viotti, L. Salotti, Filippo D'Ammando, T. Froysland, Michael F. Corcoran, Claudio Labanti, Maura Pilia, Elena Pian, Paolo Soffitta, A. Zambra, F. Boffelli, Francesco Lazzarotto, Alessio Trois, Geiland Porrovecchio, A. Pellizzoni, F. Fuschino, A. Giuliani, Francesco Longo, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, L. A. Antonelli, Fulvio Gianotti, G. Piano, Y. Evangelista, G. Di Cocco, M. Prest, E. Del Monte, Marcello Mastropietro, I. Donnarumma, S. Vercellone, Paolo Lipari, I. Lapshov, E. Moretti, V. Vittorini, G. Pucella, G. De Paris, M. Trifoglio, P. A. Caraveo, V. Cocco, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, Sergio Colafrancesco, Ennio Morelli, M. Galli, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, Piergiorgio Picozza, Massimiliano Fiorini, F. Verrecchia, Martino Marisaldi, A. W. Chen, F. Perotti, A. Morselli, A. Argan, P. Santolamazza, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, Alda Rubini, Paolo Giommi, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Attilio Ferrari, Guido Barbiellini, Tavani M, Sabatini S, Pian E, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Viotti R F, Corcoran M F, Giuliani A, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Vercellone S, Mereghetti S, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Cattaneo P W, Chen A W, Cocco V, DAmmando F, Costa E, DeParis G, Del Monte E, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Ferrari A, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Porrovecchio G, Pucella G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli L A, Salotti L, M., Tavani, S., Sabatini, E., Pian, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, R. F., Viotti, M. F., Corcoran, A., Giuliani, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, S., Vercellone, S., Mereghetti, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, F., D'Ammando, E., Costa, G. D., Pari, E. D., Monte, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, A., Ferrari, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, E., Morelli, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, G., Porrovecchio, G., Pucella, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, L. A., Antonelli, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Carina Nebula, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Radiation, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Luminosity, gamma rays: observations, stars: individual: Eta Carinae, stars: winds, outflows, X-rays: binaries, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, wind binary Eta Carinae, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Colliding-wind binary, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nebula, Gamma ray, Galactic region, Astronomy and Astrophysics, AGILE satellite, Unidentified Gamma-ray Sources, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the results of extensive observations by the gamma-ray AGILE satellite of the Galactic region hosting the Carina nebula and the remarkable colliding wind binary Eta Carinae (Eta Car) during the period 2007 July to 2009 January. We detect a gamma-ray source (1AGL J1043-5931) consistent with the position of Eta Car. If 1AGL J1043-5931 is associated with the Eta Car system our data provide the long sought first detection above 100 MeV of a colliding wind binary. The average gamma-ray flux above 100 MeV and integrated over the pre-periastron period 2007 July to 2008 October is F = (37 +/- 5) x 10-8 ph cm-2 s-1 corresponding to an average gamma-ray luminosity of L = 3.4 x 10^34 erg s-1 for a distance of 2.3 kpc. We also report a 2-day gamma-ray flaring episode of 1AGL J1043-5931 on 2008 Oct. 11-13 possibly related to a transient acceleration and radiation episode of the strongly variable shock in the system., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters

Published
2009

32. First AGILE catalog of high-confidence gamma-ray sources

Author

Dario Gasparrini, I. Donnarumma, F. Mauri, E. Scalise, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, E. Del Monte, E. Rossi, Geiland Porrovecchio, Fulvio Gianotti, F. Fornari, A. Morselli, G. De Paris, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, G. Di Persio, S. Cutini, A. W. Chen, Sandro Mereghetti, F. Boffelli, P. W. Cattaneo, S. Stellato, Francesco Longo, Massimo Rapisarda, R. Primavera, A. Antonelli, Filippo D'Ammando, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Tamburelli, C. Pittori, L. Salotti, Paolo Soffitta, F. Verrecchia, A. Zambra, T. Froysland, B. Preger, P. Santolamazza, D. Zanello, V. Vittorini, G. Fanari, F. Fuschino, F. Perotti, Martino Marisaldi, A. Pellizzoni, Marcello Mastropietro, Francesco Lazzarotto, M. Trifoglio, A. Argan, Massimo Frutti, Andrea Bulgarelli, Maura Pilia, P. A. Caraveo, Enrico Costa, Alessio Trois, F. Liello, Claudio Labanti, Alda Rubini, E. Striani, Marco Tavani, S. Vercellone, S. Sabatini, Sergio Colafrancesco, I. Lapshov, Paolo Giommi, Ennio Morelli, M. Prest, Massimiliano Fiorini, P. Lipari, Attilio Ferrari, Guido Barbiellini, Elena Moretti, G. Pucella, A. Mauri, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Alessandro Traci, V. Cocco, A. Giuliani, Y. Evangelista, T. Contessi, G. Piano, C. Pontoni, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, A. W., Chen, A., Bulgarelli, A., Pellizzoni, A., Giuliani, S., Vercellone, Longo, Francesco, M., Tavani, P., Giommi, G., Barbiellini, M., Trifoglio, F., Gianotti, A., Argan, A., Antonelli, F., Boffelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, S., Colafrancesco, T., Contessi, E., Costa, S., Cutini, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G. D., Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, G., Fanari, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, M., Galli, D., Gasparrini, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, Moretti, Elena, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, B., Preger, M., Prest, R., Primavera, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Santolamazza, E., Scalise, P., Soffitta, S., Stellato, E., Striani, F., Tamburelli, A., Traci, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, L., Salotti, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Chen AW, Bulgarelli A, Pellizzoni A, Giuliani A, Vercellone S, Longo F, Tavani M, Giommi P, Barbiellini G, Trifoglio M, Gianotti F, Argan A, Antonelli A, Boffelli F, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Colafrancesco S, Contessi T, Costa E, Cutini S, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Fanari G, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Frutti M, Galli M, Gasparrini D, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Preger B, Prest M, Primavera R, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Sabatini S, Santolamazza P, Scalise E, Soffitta P, Stellato S, Striani E, Tamburelli F, Traci A, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, and Salotti L

Subjects
Agile, catalog, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, Astrophysics, gamma-ray source, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar, X and gamma detection, Blazar, media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Detector, Gamma ray, gamma rays: observations, catalogs, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, AGILE satellite, Catalogs, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Satellite, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the first catalog of high-confidence gamma-ray sources detected by the AGILE satellite during observations performed from July 9, 2007 to June 30, 2008. Catalogued sources are detected by merging all the available data over the entire time period. AGILE, launched in April 2007, is an ASI mission devoted to gamma-ray observations in the 30 MeV - 50 GeV energy range, with simultaneous X-ray imaging capability in the 18-60 keV band. This catalog is based on Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector (GRID) data for energies greater than 100 MeV. For the first AGILE catalog we adopted a conservative analysis, with a high-quality event filter optimized to select gamma-ray events within the central zone of the instrument Field of View (radius of 40 degrees). This is a significance-limited (4 sigma) catalog, and it is not a complete flux-limited sample due to the non-uniform first year AGILE sky coverage. The catalog includes 47 sources, 21 of which are associated with confirmed or candidate pulsars, 13 with Blazars (7 FSRQ, 4 BL Lacs, 2 unknown type), 2 with HMXRBs, 2 with SNRs, 1 with a colliding-wind binary system, 8 with unidentified sources., Revised version, 15 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. To be published in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Text improved and clarified. Refined analysis of complex regions of the Galactic plane yields a new list of high-confidence sources including 47 sources (compared with the 40 sources appearing in the first version)

Published
2009

33. HIGH-RESOLUTION TIMING OBSERVATIONS OF SPIN-POWERED PULSARS WITH THE AGILE GAMMA-RAY TELESCOPE

Author

M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, Patrick Weltevrede, F. Mauri, B. Preger, A. Rappoldi, A. W. Chen, G. De Paris, Filippo D'Ammando, E. Vallazza, F. Fuschino, Paolo Esposito, A. Morselli, F. Perotti, Paolo Soffitta, Jules P. Halpern, P. Santolamazza, C. Pittori, T. Froysland, P. Lipari, Fulvio Gianotti, G. Pucella, Ismaël Cognard, A. Argan, A. Giuliani, A. Pellizzoni, Alice K. Harding, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, M. Prest, George Hobbs, M. Fiorini, Paolo Giommi, F. Boffelli, N. D'Amico, Michael Kramer, L. Salotti, I. Lapshov, A. Zambra, F. Fornari, V. Cocco, Maura Pilia, Francesco Longo, S. Vercellone, E. Del Monte, M. Burgay, Alessio Trois, Sandro Mereghetti, Francesco Lazzarotto, G. Barbiellini, Andrea Possenti, P. W. Cattaneo, V. Vittorini, P. A. Caraveo, M. Trifoglio, Simon Johnston, I. Donnarumma, Marco Tavani, Martino Marisaldi, Claudio Labanti, D. Zanello, Richard N. Manchester, G. Di Cocco, Massimo Rapisarda, Aidan Hotan, Y. Evangelista, J. Palfreyman, Pellizzoni A, Pilia M, Possenti A, Fornari F, Caraveo P, Del Monte E, Mereghetti S, Tavani M, Argan A, Trois A, Burgay M, Chen A, Cognard I, Costa E, D'Amico N, Esposito P, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fuschino F, Giuliani A, Halpern J, Hobbs G, Hotan A, Johnston S, Kramer M, Longo F, Manchester RN, Marisaldi M, Palfreyman J, Weltevrede P, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, DAmmando F, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Galli M, Gianotti F, Harding A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Mauri F, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Perotti F, Picozza P, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Salotti L, A., Pellizzoni, M., Pilia, A., Possenti, F., Fornari, P., Caraveo, E. D., Monte, S., Mereghetti, M., Tavani, A., Argan, A., Troi, M., Burgay, A., Chen, I., Cognard, E., Costa, N., D'Amico, P., Esposito, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, F., Fuschino, A., Giuliani, J., Halpern, G., Hobb, A., Hotan, S., Johnston, M., Kramer, Longo, Francesco, R. N., Manchester, M., Marisaldi, J., Palfreyman, P., Weltevrede, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Harding, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, F., Mauri, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar, AGILE satellite, pulsar, Vela, X-ray and gamma detection, Spin-½, Physics, business.industry, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Phaser, Space and Planetary Science, Satellite, gamma rays: observations – pulsars: general – pulsars: individual (Vela, Crab, Geminga, PSR B 1706-44) – stars: neutron, business, Agile software development, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

AGILE is a small gamma-ray astronomy satellite mission of the Italian Space Agency dedicated to high-energy astrophysics launched in 2007 April. Its 1 microsecond absolute time tagging capability coupled with a good sensitivity in the 30 MeV-30 GeV range, with simultaneous X-ray monitoring in the 18-60 keV band, makes it perfectly suited for the study of gamma-ray pulsars following up on the CGRO/EGRET heritage. In this paper we present the first AGILE timing results on the known gamma-ray pulsars Vela, Crab, Geminga and B 1706-44. The data were collected from 2007 July to 2008 April, exploiting the mission Science Verification Phase, the Instrument Timing Calibration and the early Observing Pointing Program. Thanks to its large field of view, AGILE collected a large number of gamma-ray photons from these pulsars (about 10,000 pulsed counts for Vela) in only few months of observations. The coupling of AGILE timing capabilities, simultaneous radio/X-ray monitoring and new tools aimed at precise photon phasing, exploiting also timing noise correction, unveiled new interesting features at sub-millisecond level in the pulsars' high-energy light-curves., Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. 14 pages in emulate-apj style, 2 tables, 9 figures (1 color). Replacement corrected Figure 6

Published
2009

34. Monitoring the hard X-ray sky with SuperAGILE

Author

S. Cutini, S. Stellato, M. Trifoglio, Ennio Morelli, G. De Paris, Martino Marisaldi, Massimiliano Fiorini, F. Boffelli, G. Fanari, F. Fuschino, F. Fornari, C. Pittori, I. Donnarumma, T. Froysland, A. W. Chen, F. Liello, F. Perotti, A. Pellizzoni, Francesco Longo, Attilio Ferrari, A. Morselli, Guido Barbiellini, V. Vittorini, A. Antonelli, G. Pucella, A. Argan, Alessandro Traci, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, Andrea Bulgarelli, Sergio Colafrancesco, Enrico Costa, F. Mauri, Sandro Mereghetti, Francesco Lazzarotto, P. W. Cattaneo, M. Prest, R. Primavera, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Tamburelli, P. Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia, Paolo Lipari, Elena Moretti, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, Alda Rubini, I. Lapshov, A. Mauri, Paolo Giommi, F. D'Ammando, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, V. Cocco, A. Giuliani, P. A. Caraveo, Dario Gasparrini, Y. Evangelista, G. Piano, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, C. Pontoni, E. Rossi, Massimo Rapisarda, D. Zanello, Claudio Labanti, E. Del Monte, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, Massimo Frutti, S. Vercellone, G. Di Persio, Paolo Soffitta, B. Preger, Marcello Mastropietro, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, Fulvio Gianotti, Geiland Porrovecchio, M., Feroci, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, L., Pacciani, M., Rapisarda, P., Soffitta, G. D., Persio, M., Frutti, M., Mastropietro, E., Morelli, G., Porrovecchio, A., Rubini, A., Antonelli, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, S., Colafrancesco, S., Cutini, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G., Fanari, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Galli, D., Gasparrini, F., Gianotti, P., Giommi, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, F., Liello, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, C., Pittori, C., Pontoni, B., Preger, M., Prest, R., Primavera, G., Pucella, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, S., Sabatini, P., Santolamazza, M., Tavani, S., Stellato, F., Tamburelli, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, F., Verrecchia, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, L., Salotti, Feroci M, Costa E, Del Monte E, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Pacciani L, Rapisarda M, Soffitta P, Di Persio G, Frutti M, Mastropietro M, Morelli E, Porrovecchio G, Rubini A, Antonelli A, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Colafrancesco S, Cutini S, DAmmando F, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Fanari G, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Galli M, Gasparrini D, Gianotti F, Giommi P, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Pittori C, Pontoni C, Preger B, Prest M, Primavera R, Pucella G, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Sabatini S, Santolamazza P, Tavani M, Stellato S, Tamburelli F, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Verrecchia F, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, and Salotti L

Subjects
Agile, Photon, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, X-ray sources, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, SuperAgile, x-ray detector, extragalactic and galactic sources, Optics, Angular resolution, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), COSMIC cancer database, business.industry, Detector, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, instrumentation: detectors – X-rays: binaries – X-rays: general, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Celestial coordinate system, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

SuperAGILE is the hard X-ray monitor of the AGILE gamma ray mission, in orbit since 23$^{rd}$ April 2007. It is an imaging experiment based on a set of four independent silicon strip detectors, equipped with one-dimensional coded masks, operating in the nominal energy range 18-60 keV. The main goal of SuperAGILE is the observation of cosmic sources simultaneously with the main gamma-ray AGILE experiment, the Gamma Ray Imaging Detector (GRID). Given its $\sim$steradian-wide field of view and its $\sim$15 mCrab day-sensitivity, SuperAGILE is also well suited for the long-term monitoring of Galactic compact objects and the detection of bright transients. The SuperAGILE detector properties and design allow for a 6 arcmin angular resolution in each of the two independent orthogonal projections of the celestial coordinates. Photon by photon data are continuously available by the experiment telemetry, and are used to derive images and fluxes of individual sources, with integration times depending on the source intensity and position in the field of view. In this paper we report on the main scientific results achieved by SuperAGILE over its first two years in orbit, until April 2009., Comment: Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2009
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35. MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF A TeV-FLARE FROM W COMAE

Author

Veritas, Collaboration, Acciari, V. A., Aliu, E., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Bottcher, M., Boltuch, D., Buckley, J. H., Bradbury, S. M., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cannon, A., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Cogan, P., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Duke, C., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Fortin, P., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gibbs, K., Gillanders, G. H., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Lebohec, S., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Mccutcheon, M., Millis, J., Moriarty, P., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reyes, L. C., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Sembroski, G. H., Smith, A. W., Steele, D., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Vincent, S., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., Wissel, S., Wood, M., Agile, The Team, Pian, E., Vercellone, S., Donnarumma, I., D Ammando, F., Bulgarelli, A., Chen, A. W., Giuliani, A., Longo, F., Pacciani, L., Pucella, G., Vittorini, V., Tavani, M., Argan, A., Barbiellini, G., Caraveo, P., Cattaneo, P. W., Cocco, V., Costa, E., Del Monte, E., Paris, G., Di Cocco, G., Evangelista, Y., Feroci, M., Fiorini, M., Froysland, T., Frutti, M., Fuschino, F., Galli, M., Gianotti, F., Labanti, C., Lapshov, I., Lazzarotto, F., Lipari, P., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, M., Mereghetti, S., Morelli, E., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, A., Perotti, F., Piano, G., Picozza, P., Pilia, M., Porrovecchio, G., Prest, M., Rapisarda, M., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, A., Soffitta, S. Sabatini P., Trifoglio, M., Trois, A., Vallazza, E., Zambra, A., Zanello, D., Pittori, C., Santolamazza, P., Verrecchia, F., Giommi, P., Colafrancesco, S., Salotti, L., Massimo Villata, Raiteri, C. M., Aller, H. D., Aller, M. F., Arkharov, A. A., Efimova, N. V., Larionov, V. M., Leto, P., Ligustri, R., Lindfors, E., Pasanen, M., Kurtanidze, O. M., Tetradze, S. D., Lahteenmaki, A., Kotiranta, M., Cucchiara, A., Romano, P., Nesci, R., Pursimo, T., Heidt, J., Benitez, E., Hiriart, D., Nilsson, K., Berdyugin, A., Mujica, R., Dultzin, D., Lopez, J. M., Mommert, M., Sorcia, M., La Calle Perez, I., V. A., Acciari, E., Aliu, T., Aune, M., Beilicke, W., Benbow, M., Bottcher, D., Boltuch, J. H., Buckley, S. M., Bradbury, V., Bugaev, K., Byrum, A., Cannon, A., Cesarini, L., Ciupik, P., Cogan, W., Cui, R., Dickherber, C., Duke, A., Falcone, J. P., Finley, P., Fortin, L., Fortson, A., Furni, N., Galante, D., Gall, K., Gibb, G. H., Gillander, J., Grube, R., Guenette, G., Gyuk, D., Hanna, J., Holder, C. M., Hui, T. B., Humensky, P., Kaaret, N., Karlsson, M., Kertzman, D., Kieda, A., Konopelko, H., Krawczynski, F., Krennrich, M. J., Lang, S., Lebohec, G., Maier, S., Mcarthur, A., Mccann, M., Mccutcheon, J., Milli, P., Moriarty, R. A., Ong, A. N., Otte, D., Pandel, J. S., Perkin, A., Pichel, M., Pohl, J., Quinn, K., Ragan, L. C., Reye, P. T., Reynold, E., Roache, H. J., Rose, G. H., Sembroski, A. W., Smith, D., Steele, M., Theiling, S., Thibadeau, A., Varlotta, V. V., Vassiliev, S., Vincent, S. P., Wakely, J. E., Ward, T. C., Weeke, A., Weinstein, T., Weisgarber, D. A., William, S., Wissel, M., Wood, E., Pian, S., Vercellone, I., Donnarumma, F., D'Ammando, A., Bulgarelli, A. W., Chen, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, L., Pacciani, G., Pucella, V., Vittorini, M., Tavani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, L., Salotti, M., Villata, C. M., Raiteri, H. D., Aller, M. F., Aller, A. A., Arkharov, N. V., Efimova, V. M., Larionov, P., Leto, R., Ligustri, E., Lindfor, M., Pasanen, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. D., Tetradze, A., Lahteenmaki, M., Kotiranta, A., Cucchiara, P., Romano, R., Nesci, T., Pursimo, J., Heidt, E., Benitez, D., Hiriart, K., Nilsson, A., Berdyugin, R., Mujica, D., Dultzin, J. M., Lopez, M., Mommert, M., Sorcia, I. D., Perez, Acciari VA, Aliu E, Aune T, Beilicke M, Benbow W, Bottcher M, Boltuch D, Buckley JH, Bradbury SM, Bugaev V, Byrum K, Cannon A, Cesarini A, Ciupik L, Cogan P, Cui W, Dickherber R, Duke C, Falcone A, Finley JP, Fortin P, Fortson L, Furniss A, Galante N, Gall D, Gibbs K, Gillanders GH, Grube J, Guenette R, Gyuk G, Hanna D, Holder J, Hui CM, Humensky TB, Kaaret P, Karlsson N, Kertzman M, Kieda D, Konopelko A, Krawczynski H, Krennrich F, Lang MJ, LeBohec S, Maier G, McArthur S, McCann A, McCutcheon M, Millis J, Moriarty P, Ong RA, Otte AN, Pandel D, Perkins JS, Pichel A, Pohl M, Quinn J, Ragan K, Reyes LC, Reynolds PT, Roache E, Rose HJ, Sembroski GH, Smith AW, Steele D, Theiling M, Thibadeau S, Varlotta A, Vassiliev VV, Vincent S, Wakely SP, Ward JE, Weekes TC, Weinstein A, Weisgarber T, Williams DA, Wissel S, Wood M, Pian E, Vercellone S, Donnarumma I, DAmmando F, Bulgarelli A, Chen AW, Giuliani A, Longo F, Pacciani L, Pucella G, Vittorini V, Tavani M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Frutti M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, Villata M, Raiteri CM, Aller HD, Aller MF, Arkharov AA, Efimova NV, Larionov VM, Leto P, Ligustri R, Lindfors E, Pasanen M, Kurtanidze OM, Tetradze SD, Lahteenmaki A, Kotiranta M, Cucchiara A, Romano P, Nesci R, Pursimo T, Heidt J, Benitez E, Hiriart D, Nilsson K, Berdyugin A, Mujica R, Dultzin D, Lopez JM, Mommert M, Sorcia M, and Perez ID

Subjects
Agile, High energy, agile space mission, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, bl-lacertae objects, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, telescope, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, blazar, law.invention, multiwavelength, BL Lacertae, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Very High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Active Galactic Nuclei, Gamma ray, background-radiation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma-ray emission, lac objects, spectral energy-distributions, veritas observations, Space and Planetary Science, source list, Spectral energy distribution, BL Lacertae objects: individual (W Com), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma rays: observations, Flare, BL Lac object
Abstract

We report results from an intensive multiwavelength campaign on the intermediate-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae object W Com (z=0.102) during a strong outburst of very high energy gamma-ray emission in June 2008. The very high energy gamma-ray signal was detected by VERITAS on 2008 June 7-8 with a flux F(>200 GeV) = (5.7+-0.6)x10^-11 cm-2s-1, about three times brighter than during the discovery of gamma-ray emission from W Com by VERITAS in 2008 March. The initial detection of this flare by VERITAS at energies above 200 GeV was followed by observations in high energy gamma-rays (AGILE, E>100 MeV), and X-rays (Swift and XMM-Newton), and at UV, and ground-based optical and radio monitoring through the GASP-WEBT consortium and other observatories. Here we describe the multiwavelength data and derive the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the source from contemporaneous data taken throughout the flare., 26 pages, 5 figures; Accepted for publication by The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2009

36. DISCOVERY OF NEW GAMMA-RAY PULSARS WITH AGILE

Author

Francesco Longo, S. Sabatini, Maura Pilia, Y. Evangelista, Alessio Trois, A. De Luca, Teresa Mineo, G. De Paris, P. A. Caraveo, D. Zanello, Marco Tavani, Fulvio Gianotti, V. Vittorini, Martino Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, M. Trifoglio, A. W. Chen, Massimiliano Fiorini, B. Preger, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Ismaël Cognard, Patrick Weltevrede, F. Fornari, Paolo Esposito, M. Prest, Claudio Labanti, A. Giuliani, V. Cocco, N. D'Amico, Massimo Rapisarda, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Perotti, Enrico Costa, I. Lapshov, Simon Johnston, I. Donnarumma, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, Francesco Lazzarotto, E. Del Monte, F. Boffelli, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, Alessandro Corongiu, C. Pittori, T. Froysland, A. Pellizzoni, Paolo Lipari, Giovanni F. Bignami, Gilles Theureau, F. Fuschino, M. Burgay, A. Morselli, G. Pucella, Michael Kramer, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, S. Vercellone, G. Piano, Guido Barbiellini, P. Santolamazza, Paolo Giommi, Filippo D'Ammando, Paolo Soffitta, Andrea Possenti, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari (OAC), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Milano (OAM), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Australia Telescope National Facility (ATNF), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics (JBCA), University of Manchester [Manchester], Università degli studi di Trieste, Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Sezione di Roma 1] (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori (IUSS), Pellizzoni A, Pilia M, Possenti A, Chen A, Giuliani A, Trois A, Caraveo P, Del Monte E, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Mereghetti S, Tavani M, Argan A, Burgay M, Cognard I, Corongiu A, Costa E, D'Amico N, De Luca A, Esposito P, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Johnston S, Kramer M, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Theureau G, Weltevrede P, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Cattaneo P W, Cocco V, DAmmando F, DeParis G, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov, I., Lazzarotto, F., Lipari P, Mineo T, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Salotti L, Bignami G F, A., Pellizzoni, M., Pilia, A., Possenti, A., Chen, A., Giuliani, A., Troi, P., Caraveo, E. D., Monte, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, S., Mereghetti, M., Tavani, A., Argan, M., Burgay, I., Cognard, A., Corongiu, E., Costa, N., D'Amico, A. D., Luca, P., Esposito, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, S., Johnston, M., Kramer, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, G., Theureau, P., Weltevrede, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, T., Mineo, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, L., Salotti, and G. F., Bignami

Subjects
Agile, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Pulsars, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, radio pulsar, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, stars: neutron, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, pulsars: general, 0103 physical sciences, Egret, pulsars: individual (PSR J2229+6114 PSR B1509–58 PSR B1821–24), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), biology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Gamma ray, Static timing analysis, Astronomy and Astrophysics, biology.organism_classification, gamma rays: observations, pulsars: general, pulsars: individual: PSR J2229 + 6114 PSR B1509 – 58 PSR B1821 – 24, stars: neutron, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma rays: observations
Abstract

Using gamma-ray data collected by the Astrorivelatore Gamma ad Immagini LEggero (AGILE) satellite over a period of almost one year (from 2007 July to 2008 June), we searched for pulsed signals from 35 potentially interesting radio pulsars, ordered according to $F_{\gamma}\propto \sqrt{\dot{E}} d^{-2}$ and for which contemporary or recent radio data were available. AGILE detected three new top-ranking nearby and Vela-like pulsars with good confidence both through timing and spatial analysis. Among the newcomers we find pulsars with very high rotational energy losses, such as the remarkable PSR B1509-58 with a magnetic field in excess of 10^13 Gauss, and PSR J2229+6114 providing a reliable identification for the previously unidentified EGRET source 3EG 2227+6122. Moreover, the powerful millisecond pulsar B1821-24, in the globular cluster M28, is detected during a fraction of the observations. Four other promising gamma-ray pulsar candidates, among which is the notable J2043+2740 with an age in excess of 1 million years, show a possible detection in the timing analysis only and deserve confirmation., Comment: Minor changes to match the final ApJ version. 5 pages in emulate-apj style, 1 table, 3 figures

Published
2009

37. AGILE detection of delayed gamma-ray emission from GRB 080514B

Author

Paolo Soffitta, Martino Marisaldi, A. Giuliani, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Francesco Longo, S. Cutini, Y. Evangelista, Andrea Rossi, I. G. Mitrofanov, K. L. Page, I. Donnarumma, A. W. Chen, C. Pittori, F. Perotti, Marco Feroci, Marco Tavani, Luigi Pacciani, Fulvio Gianotti, A. Pellizzoni, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, F. Fuschino, S. Vercellone, William V. Boynton, Kevin Hurley, E. Del Monte, Francesco Lazzarotto, A. Argan, Alessio Trois, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, P. A. Caraveo, P. Lipari, B. Preger, Paolo Esposito, Filippo D'Ammando, D. Zanello, G. Piano, M. Trifoglio, Guido Barbiellini, F. Fornari, M. Prest, G. Pucella, M. Fiorini, P. Santolamazza, Neil Gehrels, Massimo Rapisarda, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, I. Lapshov, F. Boffelli, A. Morselli, David N. Burrows, L. Salotti, Claudio Labanti, G. Di Cocco, Giuliani A, Mereghetti S, Fornari F, Del Monte E, Feroci M, Marisaldi M, Esposito P, Perotti F, Tavani M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Costa E, DAmmando F, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Fiorini M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Piano G, Picozza P, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Zanello D, Salotti L, Cutini S, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Gehrels N, Page K, Burrows D, Rossi A, Hurley K, Mitrofanov I, Boynton W, A., Giuliani, S., Mereghetti, F., Fornari, E. D., Monte, M., Feroci, M., Marisaldi, P., Esposito, F., Perotti, M., Tavani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Fiorini, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, D., Zanello, L., Salotti, S., Cutini, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, N., Gehrel, K., Page, D., Burrow, A., Rossi, K., Hurley, I., Mitrofanov, and W., Boynton

Subjects
Photon, gamma rays: bursts, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, AGILE, satellite, GRB 080514B, X and gamma ray, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, law.invention, Telescope, law, Egret, Physics, biology, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Dead time, biology.organism_classification, Gamma-ray Bursts, AGILE satellite, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma-ray Burst, Interplanetary spaceflight, Gamma-ray burst
Abstract

GRB 080514B is the first gamma ray burst (GRB), since the time of EGRET, for which individual photons of energy above several tens of MeV have been detected with a pair-conversion tracker telescope. This burst was discovered with the Italian AGILE gamma-ray satellite. The GRB was localized with a cooperation by AGILE and the interplanetary network (IPN). The gamma-ray imager (GRID) estimate of the position, obtained before the SuperAGILE-IPN localization, is found to be consistent with the burst position. The hard X-ray emission observed by SuperAGILE lasted about 7 s, while there is evidence that the emission above 30 MeV extends for a longer duration (at least ~13 s). Similar behavior was seen in the past from a few other GRBs observed with EGRET. However, the latter measurements were affected, during the brightest phases, by instrumental dead time effects, resulting in only lower limits to the burst intensity. Thanks to the small dead time of the AGILE/GRID we could assess that in the case of GRB 080514B the gamma-ray to X-ray flux ratio changes significantly between the prompt and extended emission phase., Comment: A&A letters, in press

Published
2008

38. AGILE detection of intense gamma-ray emission from the blazar PKS 1510-089

Author

C. Pittori, T. Froysland, A. Pellizzoni, Alessio Trois, Margo F. Aller, H. D. Aller, F. Boffelli, Filippo D'Ammando, Marco Feroci, D. Zanello, Luigi Pacciani, G. Pucella, F. Perotti, Fulvio Gianotti, C. M. Raiteri, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, E. Del Monte, Francesco Longo, A. W. Chen, G. De Paris, V. Cocco, Francesco Lazzarotto, Y. Evangelista, Marco Tavani, S. Cutini, G. Di Cocco, M. Prest, Sergio Colafrancesco, M. Villata, L. A. Antonelli, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, I. Donnarumma, A. Argan, M. Fiorini, Massimo Rapisarda, D. Carosati, P. Lipari, Andrea Bulgarelli, Dario Gasparrini, F. Fuschino, Enrico Costa, Martino Marisaldi, V. Vittorini, Valeri M. Larionov, M. Trifoglio, A. Giuliani, I. Lapshov, A. Morselli, P. A. Caraveo, Claudio Labanti, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, Guido Barbiellini, R. Ligustri, Paolo Giommi, S. Vercellone, Paolo Soffitta, G., Pucella, V., Vittorini, F., D'Ammando, M., Tavani, C. M., Raiteri, M., Villata, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E., Delmonte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, P., Giommi, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, L., Salotti, M. F., Aller, H. D., Aller, D., Carosati, V. M., Larionov, R., Ligustri, Pucella G, Vittorini V, DAmmando F, Tavani M, Raiteri CM, Villata M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Costa E, DelMonte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Zambra A, Zanello D, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Giommi P, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Salotti L, Aller MF, Aller HD, Carosati D, Larionov VM, and Ligustri R

Subjects
High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Active Galactic Nuclei, AGILE satellite, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, satellite, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Photon energy, law.invention, Telescope, AGILE, law, gamma ray satellite, quasar, Blazar, Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, gamma rays: observations -- radiation mechanisms: non-thermal -- quasars: individual: PKS 1510-089, Space and Planetary Science, Spectral energy distribution, Flare
Abstract

We report the detection by the AGILE (Astro-rivelatore Gamma a Immagini LEggero) satellite of an intense gamma-ray flare from the source AGL J1511-0909, associated with the powerful quasar PKS 1510-089, during ten days of observations from 23 August to 1 September 2007. During the observation period, the source was in optical decrease following a flaring event monitored by the GLAST-AGILE Support Program (GASP) of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT). The simultaneous gamma-ray, optical, and radio coverage allows us to study the spectral energy distribution and the theoretical models based on the synchrotron and inverse Compton (IC) emission mechanisms. AGILE observed the source with its two co-aligned imagers, the Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector and the hard X-ray imager Super-AGILE sensitive in the 30 MeV - 50 GeV and 18 - 60 keV bands, respectively. Between 23 and 27 August 2007, AGILE detected gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 when this source was located about 50 degrees off-axis, with an average flux of (270 +/- 65) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} for photon energy above 100 MeV. In the following period, 28 August - 1 September, after a satellite re-pointing, AGILE detected the source at about 35 degrees off-axis, with an average flux (E > 100 MeV) of (195 +/- 30) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1}. No emission was detected by Super-AGILE, with a 3-sigma upper limit of 45 mCrab in 200 ksec. The spectral energy distribution is modelled with a homogeneous one-zone synchrotron self Compton (SSC) emission plus contributions by external photons: the SSC emission contributes primarily to the X-ray band, whereas the contribution of the IC from the external disc and the broad line region match the hard gamma-ray spectrum observed., 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2008
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39. Gamma-ray burst detection with the AGILE mini-calorimeter

Author

Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, F. Fuschino, Marco Tavani, G. Di Persio, Sergio Colafrancesco, A. Argan, Claudio Labanti, Francesco Longo, A. Morselli, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Mauri, Massimo Frutti, Martino Marisaldi, Geiland Porrovecchio, Enrico Costa, Filippo D'Ammando, Y. Evangelista, Paolo Soffitta, S. Cutini, V. Vittorini, L. A. Antonelli, F. Liello, Attilio Ferrari, C. Pittori, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, M. Trifoglio, A. W. Chen, Fulvio Gianotti, E. Del Monte, G. De Paris, Dario Gasparrini, E. Rossi, Guido Barbiellini, V. Cocco, T. Froysland, P. Santolamazza, Francesco Lazzarotto, A. Pellizzoni, C. Pontoni, Massimo Rapisarda, Alda Rubini, Paolo Giommi, S. Vercellone, I. Lapshov, I. Donnarumma, A. Giuliani, Ennio Morelli, Massimiliano Fiorini, Alessandro Traci, P. Lipari, M. Basset, F. Boffelli, Alessio Trois, A. Mauri, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, B. Preger, Marcello Mastropietro, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, D. Zanello, G. Pucella, F. Perotti, P. A. Caraveo, L. Foggetta, M. Prest, Marisaldi M, Labanti C, Fuschino F, Galli M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Basset M, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen A, Cocco V, Costa E, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Foggetta L, Froysland T, Frutti M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mastropietro M, Mattaini E, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Tavani M, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, M., Marisaldi, C., Labanti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, M., Basset, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G. D., Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, L., Foggetta, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Mastropietro, E., Mattaini, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, M., Tavani, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Scintillator, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, minicalorimeter, Physics, Millisecond, gamma rays: bursts, instrumentation: detectors, Calorimeter (particle physics), Payload, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray Bursts, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma-ray Burst, Satellite, Gamma-ray burst, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The Mini-Calorimeter (MCAL) instrument on-board the AGILE satellite is a non-imaging gamma-ray scintillation detector sensitive in the 300keV-100MeV energy range with a total on-axis geometrical area of 1400cm^2. Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are one of the main scientific targets of the AGILE mission and the MCAL design as an independent self-triggering detector makes it a valuable all-sky monitor for GRBs. Furthermore MCAL is one of the very few operative instruments with microsecond timing capabilities in the MeV range. In this paper the results of GRB detections with MCAL after one year of operation in space are presented and discussed. A flexible trigger logic implemented in the AGILE payload data-handling unit allows the on-board detection of GRBs. For triggered events, energy and timing information are sent to telemetry on a photon-by-photon basis, so that energy and time binning are limited by counting statistics only. When the trigger logic is not active, GRBs can be detected offline in ratemeter data, although with worse energy and time resolution. Between the end of June 2007 and June 2008 MCAL detected 51 GRBs, with a detection rate of about 1 GRB/week, plus several other events at a few milliseconds timescales. Since February 2008 the on-board trigger logic has been fully active. Comparison of MCAL detected events and data provided by other space instruments confirms the sensitivity and effective area estimations. MCAL also joined the 3rd Inter-Planetary Network, to contribute to GRB localization by means of triangulation., 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication by A&A 13/08/2008

Published
2008

40. Multiwavelength observations of 3C 454.3. I. The AGILE 2007 November campaign on the 'Crazy Diamond'

Author

P. Santolamazza, I. Donnarumma, Francesco Longo, M. Galli, A. Argan, P. Romano, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, S. Vercellone, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, Andrea Bulgarelli, G. De Paris, Paolo Giommi, Francesco Lazzarotto, V. Cocco, Sandro Mereghetti, Enrico Costa, P. W. Cattaneo, Paolo Soffitta, Filippo D'Ammando, G. Barbiellini, G. Novara, C. M. Raiteri, F. Fornari, Attilio Ferrari, Massimo Rapisarda, G. Di Cocco, A. Morselli, F. Senziani, Angela Bazzano, Y. Evangelista, Claudio Labanti, Mariateresa Fiocchi, F. Fuschino, C. Pittori, A. Rappoldi, T. Froysland, Gino Tosti, S. Cutini, Andrea Belfiore, Marco Tavani, Wen Ping Chen, A. W. Chen, A. Pellizzoni, Sergio Colafrancesco, P. Lipari, E. Del Monte, A. Giuliani, Massimiliano Fiorini, Dario Gasparrini, I. Lapshov, F. Boffelli, Alessio Trois, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, D. Impiombato, Pietro Ubertini, V. Vittorini, M. Trifoglio, D. Zanello, B. Preger, Fulvio Gianotti, E. Vallazza, G. Pucella, F. Perotti, A. De Luca, P. A. Caraveo, M. Prest, M. Villata, Martino Marisaldi, S., Vercellone, A. W., Chen, V., Vittorini, A., Giuliani, F., D'Ammando, M., Tavani, I., Donnarumma, G., Pucella, C. M., Raiteri, M., Villata, W. P., Chen, G., Tosti, D., Impiombato, P., Romano, A., Belfiore, A. D., Luca, G., Novara, F., Senziani, A., Bazzano, M. T., Fiocchi, P., Ubertini, A., Ferrari, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, P., Santolamazza, B., Preger, D., Gasparrini, S., Cutini, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, L., Salotti, Vercellone S, Chen AW, Vittorini V, Giuliani A, DAmmando F, Tavani M, Donnarumma I, Pucella G, Raiteri CM, Villata M, Chen WP, Tosti G, Impiombato D, Romano P, Belfiore A, De Luca A, Novara G, Senziani F, Bazzano A, Fiocchi MT, Ubertini P, Ferrari A, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Pacciani L, Perotti F, Picozza P, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Santolamazza P, Preger B, Gasparrini D, Cutini S, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, and Salotti L

Subjects
High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Active Galactic Nuclei, AGILE satellite, Agile, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Inverse, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Electron, blazar, law.invention, Telescope, law, Blazar, Electronic band structure, galaxies: active – galaxies: jets – quasars: general – quasars: individual (3C 454.3) – radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Line (formation), Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Compton scattering, multiwavelength observation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, galaxies: active, galaxies: jets, quasars: general, quasars: individual: 3C 454.3, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Space and Planetary Science
Abstract

[Abridged] We report on a multiwavelength observation of the blazar 3C 454.3 (which we dubbed "crazy diamond") carried out on November 2007 by means of the astrophysical satellites AGILE, INTEGRAL, Swift, the WEBT Consortium, and the optical-NIR telescope REM. 3C 454.3 is detected at a $\sim 19-\sigma$ level during the 3-week observing period, with an average flux above 100 MeV of $F_{\rm E>100MeV} = (170 \pm 13) \times 10^{-8}$ \phcmsec. The gamma-ray spectrum can be fit with a single power-law with photon index $\Gamma_{\rm GRID} = 1.73 \pm 0.16$ between 100 MeV and 1 GeV. We detect significant day-by-day variability of the gamma-ray emission during our observations, and we can exclude that the fluxes are constant at the 99.6% ($\sim 2.9 \sigma$) level. The source was detected typically around 40 degrees off-axis, and it was substantially off--axis in the field of view of the AGILE hard X-ray imager. However, a 5-day long ToO observation by INTEGRAL detected 3C 454.3 at an average flux of about $F_{\rm 20-200 keV} = 1.49 \times 10^{-3}$ \phcmsec with an average photon index of $\Gamma_{\rm IBIS} = 1.75 \pm 0.24$ between 20--200 keV. Swift also detected 3C 454.3 with a flux in the 0.3--10 keV energy band in the range $(1.23-1.40) \times 10^{-2}$ \phcmsec{} and a photon index in the range $\Gamma_{\rm XRT} = 1.56-1.73$. In the optical band, both WEBT and REM show an extremely variable behavior in the $R$ band. A correlation analysis based on the entire data set is consistent with no time-lags between the gamma-ray and the optical flux variations. Our simultaneous multifrequency observations strongly indicate that the dominant emission mechanism between 30 MeV and 30 GeV is dominated by inverse Compton scattering of relativistic electrons in the jet on the external photons from the broad line region., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Abridged Abstract. 37 pages, 14 Figures, 3 Tables

Published
2008
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41. THE CRAB NEBULA SUPER-FLARE IN 2011 APRIL: EXTREMELY FAST PARTICLE ACCELERATION AND GAMMA-RAY EMISSION

Author

A. Pellizzoni, M. Galli, Allyn F. Tennant, A. Giuliani, F. Verrecchia, Francesco Lazzarotto, C. Pittori, G. Piano, G. De Paris, A. Argan, Sandro Mereghetti, A. Morselli, Martin C. Weisskopf, Arnaud Ferrari, E. Striani, P. Santolamazza, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Fuschino, I. Lapshov, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, Massimo Rapisarda, G. Di Cocco, Enrico Costa, S. Sabatini, P. W. Cattaneo, G. Pucella, P. Picozza, Marco Tavani, G. Barbiellini, Martino Marisaldi, A. Rappoldi, F. Perotti, V. Vittorini, A. W. Chen, Claudio Labanti, P. Giommi, M. Cardillo, P. A. Caraveo, M. Trifoglio, E. Del Monte, F. Longo, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, Fabrizio Lucarelli, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, Fulvio Gianotti, Paolo Soffitta, S. Vercellone, E., Striani, M., Tavani, G., Piano, I., Donnarumma, G., Pucella, V., Vittorini, A., Bulgarelli, A., Troi, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, E., Costa, M., Weisskopf, A., Tennant, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, P., Caraveo, M., Cardillo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, Paris, G., Monte, E., Cocco, G., Y., Evangelista, A., Ferrari, M., Feroci, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, S., Vercellone, F., Lucarelli, P., Santolamazza, and P., Giommi

Subjects
individual: Crab Nebula [pulsars], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, acceleration of particles, gamma rays: stars, pulsars: individual: Crab Nebula, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, star [gamma rays], Spectral line, law.invention, law, Radiative transfer, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, acceleration of particle, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Particle acceleration, Crab Nebula, Space and Planetary Science, Magnetohydrodynamics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare
Abstract

We report on the extremely intense and fast gamma-ray are above 100 MeV detected by AGILE from the Crab Nebula in mid-April 2011. This event is the fourth of a sequence of reported major gamma-ray flares produced by the Crab Nebula in the period 2007/mid-2011. These events are attributed to strong radiative and plasma instabilities in the inner Crab Nebula, and their properties are crucial for theoretical studies of fast and efficient particle acceleration up to 10^15 eV. Here we study the very rapid flux and spectral evolution of the event that reached on April 16, 2011 the record-high peak flux of F = (26 +/- 5) x 10^-6 ph cm^-2 s^-1 with a risetime timescale that we determine to be in the range 6-10 hrs. The peak flaring gamma-ray spectrum reaches a distinct maximum near 500 MeV with no substantial emission above 1 GeV. The very rapid risetime and overall evolution of the Crab Nebula are strongly constrain the acceleration mechanisms and challenge MHD models. We briefly discuss the theoretical implications of our observations., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for pubblication in ApJL

Published
2011

42. An updated list of AGILE bright gamma-ray sources and their variability in pointing mode

Author

L. Salotti, A. Trois, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, Francesco Lucarelli, F. Gianotti, G. Barbiellini, R. Primavera, A. Rubini, F. Mauri, M. Prest, Alessandro Traci, F. Perotti, P. A. Caraveo, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, E. Moretti, Massimo Frutti, G. Valentini, Claudio Labanti, F. Liello, F. Fornari, L. A. Antonelli, G. De Paris, C. Pittori, M. Tavani, D. Zanello, F. Lazzarotto, G. Di Persio, L. Pacciani, A. Rappoldi, T. Froysland, G. Fanari, Martino Marisaldi, F. Fuschino, Geiland Porrovecchio, A. Argan, A. Morselli, P. Giommi, M. Pilia, P. Lipari, Andrea Bulgarelli, V. Cocco, S. Stellato, C. Pontoni, E. Morelli, M. Trifoglio, F. Longo, P. Picozza, E. Striani, S. Vercellone, T. Contessi, G. Piano, A. W. Chen, I. Lapshov, E. Del Monte, G. Pucella, S. Sabatini, A. Mauri, Sandro Mereghetti, A. Pellizzoni, E. Costa, M. Feroci, A. Giuliani, M. Fiorini, Elena M. Rossi, S. Colafrancesco, M. Mastropietro, V. Vittorini, M. Cardillo, Arnaud Ferrari, P. Santolamazza, P. W. Cattaneo, M. Rapisarda, P. Soffitta, E. Vallazza, M. Galli, F. Tamburelli, F. Verrecchia, F., Verrecchia, C., Pittori, A. W., Chen, A., Bulgarelli, M., Tavani, F., Lucarelli, P., Giommi, S., Vercellone, A., Pellizzoni, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, BARBIELLINI AMIDEI, Guido, M., Trifoglio, F., Gianotti, A., Argan, L. A., Antonelli, P., Caraveo, M., Cardillo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, S., Colafrancesco, T., Contessi, E., Costa, E., Del Monte, G., De Pari, G., Di Cocco, G., Di Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, G., Fanari, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, M., Galli, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, Moretti, Elena, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, R., Primavera, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Santolamazza, P., Soffitta, S., Stellato, E., Striani, F., Tamburelli, A., Traci, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, V., Vittorini, D., Zanello, L., Salotti, and G., Valentini

Subjects
catalog, Brightness, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, Astrophysics, gamma-ray source, gamma rays: galaxies, galaxie [gamma rays], Blazar, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Nebula, Crab Pulsar, Mode (statistics), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma rays: general, Galactic plane, silicon tracker, AGILE satellite, Space and Planetary Science, catalogs, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, general [gamma rays]
Abstract

We present a variability study of a sample of bright gamma-ray (30 MeV -- 50 GeV) sources. This sample is an extension of the first AGILE catalogue of gamma-ray sources (1AGL), obtained using the complete set of AGILE observations in pointing mode performed during a 2.3 year period from July 9, 2007 until October 30, 2009. The dataset of AGILE pointed observations covers a long time interval and its gamma-ray data archive is useful for monitoring studies of medium-to-high brightness gamma-ray sources. In the analysis reported here, we used data obtained with an improved event filter that covers a wider field of view, on a much larger (about 27.5 months) dataset, integrating data on observation block time scales, which mostly range from a few days to thirty days. The data processing resulted in a better characterized source list than 1AGL was, and includes 54 sources, 7 of which are new high galactic latitude (|BII| >= 5) sources, 8 are new sources on the galactic plane, and 20 sources from the previous catalogue with revised positions. Eight 1AGL sources (2 high-latitude and 6 on the galactic plane) were not detected in the final processing either because of low OB exposure and/or due to their position in complex galactic regions. We report the results in a catalogue of all the detections obtained in each single OB, including the variability results for each of these sources. In particular, we found that 12 sources out of 42 or 11 out of 53 are variable, depending on the variability index used, where 42 and 53 are the number of sources for which these indices could be calculated. Seven of the 11 variable sources are blazars, the others are Crab pulsar+nebula, LS I +61{\deg}303, Cyg X-3, and 1AGLR J2021+4030., Comment: 30 pages, 12 figures

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