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The higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation is solved based on Jacobi elliptic function and other auxiliary equation methods Two new families of exact analytical solutions are reached, i.e., hybrid Jacobi elliptic function solutions and single special function solutions. Some solutions are degenerated to new solitary solutions and new triangular functions solutions in the limit case. A new solitary wave solution family like a single soliton pulse embedded on a pronounced platform is also obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A one-dimensional linear waveguide array with a parity-time()-symmetric defect, which is represented by a pair of waveguides carrying equal amount of nonlinear gain and loss, is considered. Compared to the system with linear -symmetric defect, a different instability of solitons is exhibited in this model, in which the unstable fundamental discrete solitons suffer either decay or blowup. The effect of nonlinear -symmetry on the stability of fundamental solitons is investigated numerically by obtaining the stability region of the solitons. The region has a finite threshold of total power as the coupling within the defect is less than the counterpart of other linear waveguides, while the threshold is absent as the coupling within the defect is larger than the one between other linear waveguides. The stability region is intensely enlarged by the increase of the coupling strength within the defect, and descends exponentially with the increase of the total power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A theory is presented to investigate the existence and the properties of circularly polarized spatial solitons supported by multi-photon isomerization(MPI). It is found that circularly polarized dark or gray solitons can be formed spontaneous in bulk polymers with MPI nonlinearity. The soliton FWHM, intensity and phase profiles are discussed. By employing the stability criterion and direct numerical simulations, the stability properties of these circularly polarized MPI solitons are investigated. It is found that all these solitons are stable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: We study the dynamics of dissipative spatial solitons by using antisymmetric-type spatially inhomogeneous loss that locally modulates an optical medium described by the complex Ginzburg–Landau model. We reveal soliton dynamics by launching input solitons at different positions of the spatial modulation loss profile, including its zero value and positive value. The soliton transverse drift exhibits tilt straightaway propagation except for the oscillation in initial stage. The tilt angle of the soliton drift can be controlled by the modulation parameters. We also investigate the dependences of the tilt angle of the soliton drift on the amplitude of the inhomogeneous loss and the linear loss coefficient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: We investigate the modulational instability of two incoherently coupled beams in a photovoltaic photorefractive crystal with a uniform background illumination. Our results show, as a precursor to soliton formation, the strength of modulational instability can be adjusted and controlled by the intensity ratio of two signal beams. Especially, the characteristics of modulational instability are totally distinct for different ratios of Glass coefficients of the signal to background beams. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: We investigate the formation of high-order polarization vortex spatial solitons. The high-order polarization vortex solitons have novel polarization states which are different from fundamental polarization vortex solitons and have rotational symmetry only in intensity. It is proved that the polarization vortex solitons cannot carry vortex phase. The existence domain and dynamical characteristic of these high-order polarization vortex solitons in Bessel optical lattices are discussed in detail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A simple scheme is presented to steer the propagation of a spatial photovoltaic soliton in a photovoltaic crystal. The basic idea is to impose a sinusoidal phase modulation on the light beam before entering the crystal. It is found that the self-deflection, soliton-like propagation, annihilation and splitting of this spatial-phase-modulated (SPM) beam can be realized by choosing appropriate modulation parameters; besides, a SPM beam can produce a waveguide with strong stability to steer a non-phase-modulated beam. These unique properties would have potential applications in the optical switch, splitter, modulator, and waveguide, etc. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The modulation instability of broad light beams is investigated in self-focusing Kerr media beyond the paraxial approximation. The theory is based on a non-paraxial equation including the contributions depending on the longitudinal component of the electric field. Theoretical analysis shows that spatial solitons can exist and the soliton width decreases monotonously with the intensity. The coherent interactions of multiple non-paraxial solitons are also discussed in this kind of media. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The coherent interactions between Airy beams and solitons are investigated in nonlocal nonlinear media based on the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. It is found that under the effect of nonlocal diffusion, a single soliton propagates along a parabolic trajectory. The propagation of a single Airy beam depends on the intensity and the nonlocal parameter γ. When a truncated Airy beam propagates with a soliton beam together in a nonlocal nonlinear medium, the interactions can be affected by the intensity ratio, the nonlocal parameter, the relative phase and the interval between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of solitons in the two-dimensional mixed linear–nonlinear complex optical lattices is investigated. It is found that the nonlinearity-modulation depth plays a significant role on the existence of solitons. Both the nonlinearity-modulation depth and amplitude of the imaginary part of nonlinear lattice have a great effect on the stability of solitons. Moreover, the period of nonlinear lattice can influence the properties of solitons dramatically. In addition, we also study the mobility of solitons and find that the soliton can maintain its original shape while the mass center of solitons will oscillate periodically in a certain tilt angle range. However, if the tilt angle is large enough, the soliton will be distorted and its mass center oscillates irregularly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Bessel solitary wave solutions to a two-dimensional strongly nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation with distributed coefficients are obtained. Bessel solitary wave solutions have unique characteristics compared with Gaussian solitary wave solutions, Laguerre–Gaussian solitary wave solutions, and Hermite–Gaussian solitary wave solutions. The generalized two-dimensional nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation with distributed coefficients is investigated for the first time to our knowledge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]