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Interfacial engineering of perovskite films has been the main strategies in improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this study, three new donor‐acceptor (D–A)‐type interfacial dipole (DAID) molecules with hole‐transporting and different anchoring units are designed and employed in PSCs. The formation of interface dipoles by the DAID molecules on the perovskite film can efficiently modulate the energy level alignment, improve charge extraction, and reduce non‐radiative recombination. Among the three DAID molecules, TPA‐BAM with amide group exhibits the best chemical and optoelectrical properties, achieving a champion PCE of 25.29 % with the enhanced open‐circuit voltage of 1.174 V and fill factor of 84.34 %, due to the reduced defect density and improved interfacial hole extraction. Meanwhile, the operational stability of the unencapsulated device has been significantly improved. Our study provides a prospect for rationalized screening of interfacial dipole materials for efficient and stable PSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the pursuit of highly efficient perovskite solar cells, spiro‐OMeTAD has demonstrated recorded power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), however, the stability issue remains one of the bottlenecks constraining its commercial development. In this study, we successfully synthesize a novel self‐polymerized spiro‐type interfacial molecule, termed v‐spiro. The linearly arranged molecule exhibits stronger intermolecular interactions and higher intrinsic hole mobility compared to spiro‐OMeTAD. Importantly, the vinyl groups in v‐spiro enable in situ polymerization, forming a polymeric protective layer on the perovskite film surface, which proves highly effective in suppressing moisture degradation and ion migration. Utilizing these advantages, poly‐v‐spiro‐based device achieves an outstanding efficiency of 24.54 %, with an enhanced open‐circuit voltage of 1.173 V and a fill factor of 81.11 %, owing to the reduced defect density, energy level alignment and efficient interfacial hole extraction. Furthermore, the operational stability of unencapsulated devices is significantly enhanced, maintaining initial efficiencies above 90 % even after 2000 hours under approximately 60 % humidity or 1250 hours under continuous AM 1.5G sunlight exposure. This work presents a comprehensive approach to achieving both high efficiency and long‐term stability in PSCs through innovative interfacial design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has drawn increasing attention as a highly persistent organic pollutant. The inherent stability, rigidity and potential toxicities characteristics make it a challenge to develop efficient technologies to eliminate it from water. Photocatalytic technology, as one advanced method, has been widely used in the degradation of PFOA in water. In this review, recent progress in the design of photocatalysts including doping, defects engineering, heterojunction and surface modification to boost the photocatalytic performance toward PFOA is summarized. The relevant degradation mechanisms were also discussed in detail. Finally, future prospect and challenges are proposed. This review may provide new guidelines for researchers to design much more efficient photocatalysts applied in the elimination of PFOA. [Display omitted] • Photocatalytic degradation of PFOA from water was reviewed. • Multiple strategies for improving degradation efficiency of PFOA were categorized. • The underlying degradation mechanisms of PFOA were summarized. • Future prospect and challenges toward photocatalytic degradation of PFOA from water were proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy shortages and climate change call for the development of clean and sustainable energy. The development of green materials for clean energy storage and conversion is conducive to promoting the widespread use of clean energy. Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have been synthesized with various structures and properties, which offer designability for the molecular structures and nanopores of conjugated skeletons. The research of CMPs in clean energy technologies is significant for the improvement of CMP-based materials and their application in energy and environmental engineering. CMPs have shown great potential for challenging energy and environmental issues such as gas adsorption, photocatalysis, solar energy conversion, and electrical energy storage and conversion. This review aims to summarize the advances of synthesis and design on CMPs, computer simulations on CMPs, and the applications of CMPs in the clean energy technologies including hydrogen evolution and storage, the adsorption and conversion of carbon dioxide, rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and photovoltaic cells. We also propose the challenges and potential chances of the synthesis and the clean energy applications of CMPs. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]