Search

Your search keyword '"D. Cluzeau"' showing total 4 results
Start Over Author "D. Cluzeau" Topic soil science
4 results on '"D. Cluzeau"'

1. Mechanisms linking plant community properties to soil aggregate stability in an experimental grassland plant diversity gradient

Author

Stefan Scheu, Holger Bessler, Alexandra Weigelt, Gerd Gleixner, Wolfgang W. Weisser, D. Cluzeau, Nico Eisenhauer, Jean-François Soussana, Guénola Pérès, S. Menasseri, Christof Engels, Maike Habekost, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Humboldt University Of Berlin, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Special Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Universität Leipzig, Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut of Zoology, Darmstadt University of Technology [Darmstadt], French ANR DISCOVER project [ANR-05-BDIV-010-01], Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FOR 456], Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [Ei 862/1, Ei 862/2], ANR-05-BDIV-0010,DISCOVER,Diversité biologique et fonctionnement des écosystèmes. Interpréter et évaluer des expériences clés en prairie grâce à la modélisation mécaniste(2005), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Technische Universität München [München] (TUM), George August University Goettingen, AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Soil biodiversity, Soil biology, Soil Science, Plant Science, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Soil ecology, 2. Zero hunger, Biomass (ecology), Soil organic carbon, Soil organic matter, Root biomass, food and beverages, Plant community, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Soil carbon, 15. Life on land, Grassland, Agronomy, Earthworm biomass, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Soil fertility, Soil microorganisms, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Background and aims Soil aggregate stability depends on plant community properties, such as functional group composition, diversity and biomass production. However, little is known about the relative importance of these drivers and the role of soil organisms in mediating plant community effects. Methods We studied soil aggregate stability in an experimental grassland plant diversity gradient and considered several explanatory variables to mechanistically explain effects of plant diversity and plant functional group composition. Three soil aggregate stability measures (slaking, mechanical breakdown and microcracking) were considered in path analyses. Results Soil aggregate stability increased significantly from monocultures to plant species mixtures and in the presence of grasses, while it decreased in the presence of legumes, though effects differed somewhat between soil aggregate stability measures. Using path analysis plant community effects could be explained by variations in root biomass, soil microbial biomass, soil organic carbon concentrations (all positive relationships), and earthworm biomass (negative relationship with mechanical breakdown). Conclusions The present study identified important drivers of plant community effects on soil aggregate stability. The effects of root biomass, soil microbial biomass, and soil organic carbon concentrations were largely consistent across plant diversity levels suggesting that the mechanisms identified are of general relevance.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Influence of temperature and food source on the life cycle of the earthworm Dendrobaena veneta (Oligochaeta)

Author

Léon Fayolle, H. Michaud, D. Cluzeau, and J. Stawiecki

Subjects
Younger age, biology, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, Earthworm, Soil Science, biology.organism_classification, Microbiology, Manure, Animal science, Productivity (ecology), Oligochaeta, Long period, Dendrobaena veneta, Reproduction, media_common
Abstract

The life cycle of Dendrobaena veneta was studied to assess the potential of breeding this species for the fish-bait market. Development, growth and reproduction were investigated by rearing worms at 10°, 15°, 20° or 25°C on horse manure or on aerobic paper sludge for 6 months. At 10°C, the maturity was slow with a long period of development (104 d) and a low cocoon production. Productivity at 25°C was better than at 20°C or 15°C. The effect of temperature on cocoon production differed according to the source of food; on paper sludge, cocoons were produced at the same rate at 20 or 25°C while on horse manure cocoon production was better at 25°C than at 20°C. Whatever temperature, cocoon production was significantly greater on paper sludge than on horse manure. On paper sludge, maturation of juveniles was faster and adult worms larger. Adults started to produce cocoons at a younger age and more cocoons were produced worm −1 and d −1 . These results showed that the life cycle of D. veneta may be influenced by the type of food and that horse manure is not the best substrate for breeding this species.

Published
1997
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Earthworm populations under different tillage systems in organic farming

Author

Joséphine Peigné, M. Cannavaciuolo, D. Cluzeau, Yvan Gautronneau, J.L. Giteau, Anne Aveline, ISARA Lyon (ISARA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA), Chambre d'Agriculture de Bretagne (CAB), Chambre d'Agriculture de Bretagne, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ISARA-Lyon, Chambre Régionale d'Agriculture de Bretagne, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, business.product_category, Organic farming, Soil biology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Population, Soil Science, 01 natural sciences, Plough, Abundance, Soil structure, Earthworms, Biomass, education, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Conservation tillage, Earth-Surface Processes, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, biology, Earthworm, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Tillage, Agronomy, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Soil horizon, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; To understand how earthworms could improve soil porosity in no-tillage organic farming systems, the aim of our study was to compare the effect of different tillage systems on earthworm populations, from conventional (traditional mouldboard ploughing, MP and shallow mouldboard ploughing, SMP) to conservation tillage (reduced tillage, RT, direct drilling or very superficial tillage, NT) in three organic arable systems in France (sites A–C). In a second stage, the effect of earthworm activity on soil porosity under the four tillage systems was assessed at sites A and B. Earthworm abundance, biomass and diversity were measured over a 2–3-year period at the 3 sites. During the same period, soil structure (soil profile description and soil bulk density) and open worm burrows in the soil were assessed at sites A and B. After 3 years of experiments, it was found that at 2 sites earthworm abundance and biomass were higher in NT than with ploughing or reduced tillage. The increase of earthworms in NT is mainly due to anecic species increase. Earthworm abundance and biomass tend to decrease regardless of the tillage techniques employed at sites with a ley, and conversely, tend to increase in NT and RT at sites initially ploughed. In the short term, the increase of anecic species in NT has no effect on soil porosity evolution: NT soils were more compacted than those which were ploughed. A long-term experiment is required to assess the effect of biological activity on the physical components of soil in organic farming.

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results