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The paper, “Ameliorating the Rising Insecurity situation in Nigeria: Skills Development Initiative through Social Science Education as alasting Tool” has as its main thrust, the principle of using skills development initiative as a reliable too of engaging able bodied, healthy and willing men and women in order to get them out of the street in line with the popular aphorism “that an idle mind is the devils workshop “which indeed explains it all. To further appreciate this intellectual discuss, basic concepts relevant to the article such as Insecurity which is generally seen as the state of being open to danger or the uncertainty or anxiety about oneself safety is also examined. Importantly too, Skill Development Initiative is also in this discuss defined as the act of providing vocational training to people both young and old, students and even school dropouts, existing workers, and everyone interested in earning a living through practical skill etc. The concept of Social Science Education and other concepts in this discourse such as Skills, Development, Initiative and the phrase Skills Development Initiative were adequately defined etc. the paper concludes by asserting firmly that creating awareness, education and information through tactical deployment of Social Sciences Education classroom instructional process on the use of Skills Development Initiatives remains a functional and effective way of curbing the problem of dwindling insecurity problem in the Society today. Steps on how this can be effectively done through teaching and training were proffered. Keywords: Social Science Education, Skills, Development, Initiative, Skills Development Initiative

Historical empathy is a critical aspect of history and social science education that has its roots in the inquiry-based education movements of the twentieth century. Although the term “historical e...

The post-conflict recovery effort in Ambon, Maluku, which was the largest civil conflict after the collapse of the New Order, was not only needed by the survivors of the conflict. But also by the generation that did not experience the bloody conflict. Like students in SMPN 9 Ambon City and SMPN 4 Salahutu Liang Central Maluku who are the next generation of Maluku and of course who will maintain Ambon peace in the future. The purpose of this study is to describe how Social Science Education integrated the value of peace education based on local wisdom pela gandong. This research was conducted in January 2018 and continued in November 2019. The research method uses descriptive qualitative case study approach. Data collection was carried out by means of literature study, interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The results showed, with the existence of social conflict material in Social Science Education which was then integrated with Ambon conflict material and peace education based on Pela Gandong. Thus, students have improved both in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes in understanding conflict and peace education through Social Science Education. At the same time cut off the trauma, mutual suspicion and hatred experienced by students so far.

Mastery learning approaches were designed to improve student learning and elevate the level of understanding across a broader swath of students. These approaches operate under the belief that all students are capable of learning if given enough time. Little research has examined the utility or applicability of a mastery learning approach for social sciences outside of research methods courses. This study provides a review of the relevant literature on mastery learning, a discussion of the applicability of this approach to the teaching and learning of social sciences, and a review of the process and results of the conversion of more traditionally organized and taught courses to a mastery learning approach. Overall, our evaluation provides evidence that a mastery learning approach can make a significant impact on student learning.

Resumen Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación-acción cogenerativa, cuyo objetivo de indagación fue valorar un módulo didáctico diseñado a partir de la elección presidencial chilena de 2017, el cual estuvo destinado al desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas y al incentivo de las expectativas de participación electoral futura en jóvenes de secundaria. Para llevarla adelante, se estableció una asociación colaborativa entre el equipo investigador profesional y un docente del sistema escolar, según los planteamientos de Greenwood y Levin. En concreto, veintinueve estudiantes indagaron y debatieron durante cuatro semanas en torno a las propuestas de los diversos candidatos y candidatas, así como respecto a las cuestiones socialmente vivas asociadas a ellas. Posteriormente, se exploró en sus ideas sobre las actividades realizadas, mediante cuestionarios, entrevistas semiestructuradas y un grupo de discusión. Complementariamente, se realizaron observaciones de clases y se entrevistó al docente. Tras ello, la información obtenida fue tratada a partir del método de análisis cualitativo de contenido. Los resultados apuntan a la eficacia del módulo implementado en el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas y a una alta valoración del estudiantado respecto a la discusión de la realidad social en clases en un ambiente de respeto por las diversas opiniones. Por su parte, las conclusiones establecen una serie de fortalezas y debilidades a tener en cuenta en sus futuras aplicaciones. Asimismo, destacan el rol activo del alumnado y la importancia de debatir cuestiones socialmente vivas en la formación ciudadana, por lo que se sugiere considerar tales elementos en la nueva asignatura chilena de ciudadanía. Abstract This article presents the results of a co-generative action-research, whose objective was to evaluate a didactic module designed from the Chilean presidential election of 2017, which was aimed at the development of civic competencies and the encouragement of expectations of future electoral participation of high school students. The research was conducted by establishing a collaborative partnership between the professional research team and a high school teacher, according to Greenwood and Levin’s ideas. Specifically, twenty-nine students inquired and debated for four weeks about the proposals of the candidates, as well as the socially live issues associated with them. Subsequently, the students’ ideas about the experience were explored through questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and a discussion group. Complementarily, classroom observations were conducted, and the participating teacher was interviewed. After that, the information obtained was processed using the qualitative content analysis method. The results point to the effectiveness of the module implemented in the development of citizenship competencies and to the importance students give to the discussion of the social reality in the classroom, in an atmosphere of respect for diverse opinions. In turn, the conclusions identify several strengths and weaknesses to be considered in future applications. Likewise, they highlight the students’ active role and the debate on controversial issues in citizenship education and suggest that these elements should be considered in the new Chilean citizenship subject. Resumo Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma investigação-acção cogenerativa cujo objetivo foi avaliar um módulo didáctico concebido a partir da eleição presidencial chilena de 2017, destinado ao desenvolvimento de competências de cidadania e incentivar as expectativas de participação eleitoral futura em estudantes do ensino médio. Para conseguir isso, uma parceria colaborativa foi estabelecida entre pesquisadores profissionais e um professor do sistema escolar, de acordo com as idéias de Greenwood e Levin. Especificamente, vinte e nove estudantes investigaram e debateram durante quatro semanas as propostas dos vários candidatos e as questões socialmente vivas associadas a eles. Posteriormente, as idéias de estudantes sobre as atividades realizadas foram exploradas por meio de questionários, entrevistas semiestruturadas e um grupo de discussão. Além disso, foram realizadas observações de aula e o professor foi entrevistado. Em seguida, as informações obtidas foram tratadas com base no método de análise qualitativa de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam para a efetividade do módulo utilizado no desenvolvimento de competências de cidadania e para uma alta avaliação dos estudantes quanto à discussão da realidade social nas aulas, em um ambiente de respeito pelas diversas opiniões. Por outro lado, as conclusões estabelecem uma série de pontos fortes e fracos a serem levados em consideração em aplicações futuras. Da mesma forma, destacam o papel ativo dos estudantes e a importância de discutir questões socialmente vivas na educação cidadã, por isso sugere-se considerar tais elementos na nova matéria chilena de cidadania.

The current situation of social science universal education in colleges and universities is not optimistic, which is reflected in the imperfect organizational structure of social science universal education in colleges and universities. Students' effective participation is not enough; Lack of educational content; Information iterative update is slow; the effectiveness evaluation mechanism is not sound, and so on. According to the investigation of students' demands, students' demands are stable and diversified, and they have high expectations for the matching degree of educational contents with majors and the degree of correlation with career development. It is suggested that colleges and universities should give full play to the advantages of mobile Internet, clearly define the responsibility of "gatekeeper", accurately grasp the standardization and dynamics of universal education, take multiple measures to develop educational resources and improve the quality and efficiency of universal education.

At an elite school in Sweden, social science education contradicts the ideals of democratic education. Micro-power actions change when students outperform their teacher’s subject knowledge. Micro-interactional power is expressed by recognition and misrecognition in the classroom. As an observer in the elite school, one simultaneously becomes loud and invisible. Further ethnographic “studies up from below” are needed in social science education. Purpose: This paper offers insights into the dynamic of misrecognition in an elite school. It presents new findings on micro-interactional power relations in the classroom and argues for additional ethnographies of social science education in elite schools. Methodology: This paper uses anethnographic method. Its research employs the observational position of a “belonging stranger” is put forward in contrast to the idea of “going native”. The focus is on the power of micro-interaction. Findings: A key empirical finding is the change in power relations that occurs when students outrank their social science teacher in subject knowledge.

Archaeology began in Singapore in 1984. In 1988 the first project was conducted which incorporated students from junior colleges and tertiary institutions in Singapore into archaeological research. Since that year, hundreds of students have been involved in archaeological fieldwork and fieldtrips in Singapore and other Southeast Asian countries. Singapore students have been given opportunities to participate in laboratory and fieldwork in Singapore, Indonesia, Cambodia, and Myanmar. In some cases they collaborated with students from other countries. The primary objectives of collaboration between Singaporean archaeologists and students are: (1) to inculcate an interest in premodern Singapore and Southeast Asia in local students; (2) to cater to an interest on the part of local teachers at the secondary level in archaeological research, including Singaporean and regional material culture as well as general methodology and theory; (3) to contribute to ongoing research on methods of cultivating object-based learning and exposing students at the pre-university and university levels to research culture. This chapter will describe the theoretical concepts regarding proper use of concrete case studies to foster abstract thinking and analysis, projects in which students have been involved, the types of activities they have undertaken, and the results achieved to this point.

Public discourse is increasingly polarised when it comes to contemporary political and controversial issues. The debating climate has been described as an “echo chamber” where we tend to find arguments supporting our own established truths rather than having our horizons broadened. Consequently, the challenge of taking the perspectives of others can be seen in classrooms when political discussions and topics surface within social science education. Teaching offers important arenas for deliberation, but class­rooms can be as homogeneous as online filter bubbles, particularly in highly segregated urban school settings. One way of challenging students’ one-sided views is to engage in, and practise, social perspective taking (SPT), a second-order concept engaging with different cultural and ideological understandings of political issues. This study examines two classroom interventions in an upper secondary school with the aim of contributing with empirical data about the components of SPT and how perspective taking can help students broaden their views on political issues. With a starting point in theory on SPT, students’ interactions and reflections in the classroom, collected in written students’ logs and follow-up interviews, are analysed. The results suggest that SPT segments can influence students’ understanding of standpoints other than their own and increase their engagement in class, but that contextualisation is specifically important in this process. Keywords: social science education, perspective taking, controversial issues Att öppna ekokammaren: Perspektivtagande i samhällskunskapsundervisningen Sammandrag Debattklimatet i samhället har kommit att bli allt mer polariserat och de politiska diskussionerna beskrivs som förda i ”ekokammare” där vi med likasinnade hittar argu­ment för våra egna synsätt, särskilt i kontroversiella frågor. Svårigheterna att ta andra perspektiv än sina egna återfinns också i skolans undervisning, särskilt i ämnen som samhällskunskap där aktuella och politiska diskussioner sker. Undervisningen erbjuder här viktiga nycklar, inte minst att diskutera politiska och kontroversiella frågor i samtal, men klassrum kan vara lika homogena i sin sammansättning som filterbubblor i digitala miljöer. Ett sätt att utmana elevernas förgivettagande är att öva socialt perspektiv­tagande – ett tankeredskap där eleverna i undervisningen tränas på att förstå olika kulturella och ideologiska perspektiv på politiska frågor. Denna studie undersöker två klassrumsinterventioner i en gymnasieklass och syftar till att empiriskt undersöka aspekter av perspektivtagande och hur undervisningen kan formas för att öka elevernas förmåga att skifta perspektiv. Studien utgår från teori kring socialt perspektivtagande och undersöker klassrumsinteraktioner, elevers skrivna reflektioner och uppföljande fokusgruppsintervjuer. Studiens resultat visar att övningar som fokuserar på att skifta perspektiv ökar engagemanget i undervisningen och påverkar elevernas sätt att se på innehållet, men att kontextualisering är ett av de viktigaste inslagen i socialt perspektiv­tagande. Nyckelord: samhällskunskapsundervisning, perspektivtagande, kontroversiella frågor

The school-age child period is the most effective age in internalizing the value of nationalism, which starts to erode due to globalization's influence. This study aimed to describe the role of character education in internalizing the values of nationalism to elementary school students. The research used descriptive qualitative research design with a sample of fifth-grade students in public elementary schools in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Data collection techniques taken from observation and interviews. Triangulation source used to validate the data. The results showed that students needed to be aware and had real efforts about nationalism, such as ceremonial activities and singing national songs. Therefore, learning activities inside and outside the classroom, such as literacy, scouting, and learning of local culture, become a place for educators to internalize the values of nationalism. It is an effort to increase nationalism's attitude towards the adverse effects of globalization.

Social studies education has had a turbulent history as one of the core subjects in the school curriculum. The fundamental content of the social studies curriculum – the study of human enterprise across space and time –however, has always been at the core of educational endeavors. It is generally accepted that the formal introduction of social studies to the school curriculum was instigated by the 1916 report of the National Education Association’s Committee on Social Studies, which emphasized development of citizenship values as a core aim of history and social science education. Earlier commissions of the N.E.A. and American Historical Association heavily influenced the Committee on Social Studies recommendations. The roots of the contemporary social studies curriculum, therefore, can be traced to two distinct curriculum reform efforts: the introduction of academic history into the curriculum and citizenship education. There is widespread agreement that the aim of social studies is citizenship education, that is the preparation of young people so that they possess the knowledge, skills, and values necessary for active participation in society. This apparent consensus, however, has been described as almost meaningless because social studies educators continue to be at odds over curricular content as well as the conception of what it means to be a good citizen. Since its formal introduction into the school, social studies curriculum been the subject of numerous commission and blue-ribbon panel studies, ranging from the sixteen-volume report of the American Historical Association’s Commission on Social Studies in the 1930s to the more recent movement for national curriculum standards. Separate and competing curriculum standards have been published for no less than seven areas of that are part of the social studies curriculum: United States and global history, economics, geography, civics, psychology, and social studies. Social studies curriculum is defined a lack of consensus and has been an ideological battleground with ongoing debates over its nature, purpose, and content. Historically there have been a diverse range of curricular programs that have been a prominent within social studies education at various times, including the life adjustment movement, progressive education, social reconstructionism, and nationalistic history. The debate over the nature, purpose, and content of the social studies curriculum continues today, with competing groups variously arguing for a social issues approach, the disciplinary study of history and geography, or action for social justice as the most appropriate framework for the social studies curriculum.

La enseñanza de la gestión urbana no solo ha de entenderse en el orden de lo pedagógico y los procesos desarrollados al interior del aula. Esta requiere involucrar las diferentes representaciones transformadas en los desarrollos teóricos y metodológicos de las distintas disciplinas de las ciencias sociales que aportan a la comprensión de la ciudad desde lo económico, lo social, lo cultural y lo ambiental. Como objeto de enseñanza, la gestión urbana requiere, además, el reconocimiento de su posibilidad como disciplina y su proyección como campo de conocimiento para lograr potenciar un diálogo interdisciplinar y público sobre las decisiones de la ciudad y el territorio. A través de un estudio de caso se pone en evidencia a la gestión urbana como un saber que se encuentra en su tránsito disciplinar y sus potencialidades interdisciplinares en cuanto a la distribución de diferentes lenguajes, representaciones, metodologías y problemas para la enseñanza pública de la ciudad. O ensino da gestão urbana não somente deve ser entendido no âmbito pedagógico e nos processos desenvolvidos no interior da sala de aula. Ele requer envolver as diferentes representações transformadas no desenvolvimento teórico e metodológico das distintas disciplinas das ciências sociais que contribuem para a compreensão da cidade a partir do econômico, do social, do cultural e do ambiental. Como objeto de ensino, a gestão urbana exige, ainda, o reconhecimento de sua possibilidade como disciplina e sua projeção como campo de conhecimento para conseguir potencializar um diálogo interdisciplinar e público sobre as decisões da cidade e do território. Por meio de um estudo de caso, evidenciam-se a gestão urbana como um saber que se encontra em transição disciplinar e suas potencialidades interdisciplinares quanto à distribuição de diferentes linguagens, representações, metodologias e problemas para o ensino público da cidade. Teaching urban management should not be understood only in the context of pedagogy and processes developed in the classroom. It requires involving different representations transformed into theoretical and methodological developments of different social sciences disciplines that contribute to understanding the city from an economic, social, cultural, and environmental perspective. As a teaching object, urban management also requires the recognition of its possibility as a discipline and its projection as a field of knowledge in order to foster an interdisciplinary and public dialogue on decisions regarding the city and territory. Through a case study, this paper evidences urban management as a knowledge in its disciplinary transit, as well as its interdisciplinary potentialities in terms of the distribution of different languages, representations, methodologies, and problems for a public teaching about the city.

The move from respecting science to scientism, i.e., the idealization of science and scientific method, is simple: We go from acknowledging the sciences as fruitful human activities to oversimplifying the ways they work, and accepting a fuzzy belief that Science and Scientific Method, will give us a direct pathway to the true making of the world, all included. The idealization of science is partly the reason why we feel we need to impose the so-called scientific terminologies and methodologies to all aspects of our lives, education too. Under this rationale, educational policies today prioritize science, not only in curriculum design, but also as a method for educational practice. One might expect that, under the scientistic rationale, science education would thrive. Contrariwise, I will argue that scientism disallows science education to give an accurate image of the sciences. More importantly, I suggest that scientism prevents one of science education’s most crucial goals: help students think. Many of my arguments will borrow the findings and insights of science education research. In the last part of this paper, I will turn to some of the most influential science education research proposals and comment on their limits. If I am right, and science education today does not satisfy our most important reasons for teaching science, perhaps we should change not just our teaching strategies, but also our scientistic rationale. But that may be a difficult task.

This forum explores contradictions that arose within the partnership between Teach for America (TFA) and a university teacher education program. TFA is an alternate route teacher preparation program that places individuals into K-12 classrooms in low-income school districts after participating in an intense summer training program and provides them with ongoing support. This forum is a conversation about the challenges we faced as new science teachers in the TFA program and in the Peace Corps program. We both entered the teaching field with science degrees and very little formal education in science education. In these programs we worked in a community very different from the one we had experienced as students. These experiences allow us to address many of the issues that were discussed in the original paper, namely teaching in an unfamiliar community amid challenges that many teachers face in the first few years of teaching. We consider how these challenges may be amplified for teachers who come to teaching through an alternate route and may not have as much pedagogical training as a more traditional teacher education program provides. The forum expands on the ideas presented in the original paper to consider the importance of perspectives on socially just science education. There is often a disconnect between what is taught in teacher education programs and what teachers actually experience in urban classrooms and this can be amplified when the training received through alternate route provides a different framework as well. This forum urges universities and alternate route programs to continue to find ways to authentically partner using practical strategies that bring together the philosophies and goals of all stakeholders in order to better prepare teachers to partner with their students to achieve their science learning goals.

This paper draws together two important agendas in science education. The first is making science education more inclusive such that students from non-Western or indigenous cultures can benefit from culturally relevant curricula. The second is integrating technology into the curriculum under the umbrella of Science–Technology–Society (STS) education to embrace the social aspects of science, with technology serving as a bridge. The advancement of the first agenda is hindered by the pursuance by both Western and non-Western societies of narrow cultural and practical goals without considering the development of science and technology from a cross-cultural perspective. The second agenda is limited by the misconception that technology is applied science, leading to the exclusion from STS discussions of pre-science or indigenous technologies developed by non-Western cultures. Through selected case studies of the evolution of Chinese traditional technologies and their interaction with science, this paper offers a perspective from the Far East, and argues for situating culturally responsive science education in broader historical and cross-cultural contexts to acknowledge the multi-cultural contributions to science and technology. A form of cross-cultural STS education is advanced, encompassing the cultural basis of technological developments, technology diffusion, interactions of traditional technology with science, and the potential development of traditional or indigenous technologies. This approach provides a bridge between the existing universal science education paradigm promoted in the West and the different forms of multi-cultural education advocated by indigenous science educators. To translate theory into practice, a conceptual framework is proposed in which the essential transdisciplinary knowledge base, curricular goals, and pedagogical approaches are embedded.

This review surveys Femi Otulaja and Meshach Ogunniyi’s, Handbook of research in science education in sub-Saharan Africa, Sense, Rotterdam, 2017, noting the significance of the theoretically rich content and how this book contributes to the field of education as well as to the humanities more broadly. The volume usefully outlines the ways in which science education and scholarship in sub-Saharan Africa continue to be impacted by the region’s colonial history. Several of the chapters also enumerate proposals for teaching and learning science and strengthening academic exchange. Concerns that recur across many of the chapters include inadequate implementation of reforms; a lack of resources, such as for classroom materials and teacher training; and the continued and detrimental linguistic, financial, and ideological domination of African science education by the West. After a brief overview of the work and its central issues, this review closely examines two salient chapters that focus on scholarly communications and culturally responsive pedagogy. The scholarly communication section addresses the ways in which African science education research may in fact be too closely mirroring Western knowledge constructions without fully integrating indigenous knowledge systems in the research process. The chapter on pedagogy makes a similar argument for integrating Western and indigenous knowledge systems into teaching approaches.

Social media have given rise to new opportunities for science organizations to communicate with the public. Building on theories of science communication and public relations, this study examined scientific institutions’ use of Twitter for one-way and two-way communication in connection with science festivals over the period 2012 to 2015, using NanoDays as a case study. It identified three communicative functions of tweets by organizations—information, participation, and community—with most tweets being informational and containing hyperlinks. Nevertheless, longitudinal analyses indicated that organizations have increasingly incorporated community-building practices such as hashtags. Findings help clarify how social media engender science communication paradigms.

Longstanding inequities in science education across the lines of race and class remain the most intractable problem in the field. Justice-centered science pedagogy is introduced as a theoretical framework built on the traditions of critical pedagogy and culturally relevant pedagogy to address these inequities as components of larger oppressive systems. This study examines how a justice-centered advanced chemistry class in an urban neighborhood high school supported students to succeed academically while taking up urgent issues of social and environmental justice identified by their communities. The findings include evidence that curriculum organized around an issue of environmental racism supported academic achievement that exceeded the expectations of a typical high school chemistry course. The findings also document how the curriculum provided opportunities for students to move beyond academic achievement to position themselves as transformative intellectuals. As transformative intellectuals, students demonstrated complex thinking about science and social justice issues, cultivated their commitment to their communities and cultures of origin, and developed credibility as local youth knowledgeable in science. These findings have implications for teachers, teacher educators, and educational researchers who wish to engage with science education as a catalyst for social transformation.

Scientific institutions are increasingly embracing values of inclusivity and public engagement, but how do these two dimensions intersect? Science festivals have rapidly expanded in recent years as an outgrowth of these values, aiming to engage and educate the public about scientific topics and research. While resources invested in public engagement by scientists, universities, and governments are admirable in principle; this study indicates that their ambition to broaden the reach of science may be going unrealized in practice. Using data from three major UK science festivals, we demonstrate such events are disproportionately reaching economically privileged and educated audiences already invested in science, as opposed to diverse and broadly representative samples of the general public. Our results demonstrate that these science festivals are falling short of their aims to make science accessible to a broad audience. There is a clear need for improved practices and on-going evaluation to ensure science festivals include those who are not already scientifically converted.

This study aims to analyze the middle school of science the textbook based on science literacy. We used descriptive analysis to explore the domain of science literacy at 3 middle science textbooks. Observation Sheet that contain the domain of science literacy (adopted from Chiappetta, Fillman & Sethna) is used to capture the present category of science literacy (body of knowledge, way of investigating, way of thinking, and interaction of science, technology and society) in any textbook. The results showed that middle school science textbooks have not yet provide a balance between body of knowledge, way of Investigating, way of thinking, and interaction of science, technology and society. The Middle science textbooks still dominate with science as a way of knowledge. Middle School science textbook that used to support science teaching should be provide balance on all four aspects of science literacy. Therefore, The development that focusing on middle school science textbooks based on science literacy need to be implemented.

We developed a course, as part of our institution's core program, which provides students with a foundation in academic literacy in the social sciences: how to find, read, critically assess, and communicate about social science research. It is not a research methods course; rather, it is intended to introduce students to the social sciences and be better consumers of social science research. In this article, we describe the key learning objectives of this course, the basic content areas, and some of the innovative teaching and learning strategies used in the course. We also provide empirical evidence of the effectiveness of the course in meeting its learning objectives and of student responses to the course. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges in developing interdisciplinary core courses and offer suggestions for best practices for teaching social science literacy as part of the core curriculum.

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu MdM-2015-0552 Present day reasoning about difficulties in science reproducibility, science governance, and the use of science for policy could benefit from a philosophical and historical perspective. This would show that the present crisis was anticipated by some scholars of these disciplines, and that diagnoses were offered which are not yet mainstream among crisis-aware disciplines, from statistics to medicine, from bibliometrics to biology. Diagnoses in turn open the path to possible solutions. This discussion is urgent given the impact of the crises on public trust in institutions. We ask whether the present crisis may be seminal in terms of drawing attention to alternative visions for the role of Science in society, and its relevant institutional arrangements. We finish by offering a number of suggestions in this direction.

How far has the Darwinian revolution come? To what extent have evolutionary ideas penetrated into the social sciences and humanities? Are the “science wars” over? Or do whole blocs of disciplines face off over an unbridgeable epistemic gap? To answer questions like these, contributors to top journals in 22 disciplines were surveyed on their beliefs about human nature, culture, and science. More than 600 respondents completed the survey. Scoring patterns divided into two main sets of disciplines. Genetic influences were emphasized in the evolutionary social sciences, evolutionary humanities, psychology, empirical study of the arts, philosophy, economics, and political science. Environmental influences were emphasized in most of the humanities disciplines and in anthropology, sociology, education, and women’s or gender studies. Confidence in scientific explanation correlated positively with emphasizing genetic influences on behavior, and negatively with emphasizing environmental influences. Knowing the current actual landscape of belief should help scholars avoid sterile debates and ease the way toward fruitful collaborations with neighboring disciplines. Keywords: human nature, culture, science, science wars, cultural construction, evolutionary social science, social science, humanities, biocultural theory

There is an expectation that medical students in the UK will be able to demonstrate conversancy with social science relevant to medicine and health, including the means by which the relevant bodies of knowledge are generated through the use of social science research methods. This paper explores the structural and pedagogical challenges and opportunities posed by this demand. To achieve this a small scale research project seeking to establish the ‘state of the art’ with respect to teaching and learning about these research methods was implemented. It was found that there is little formal reporting of practice in the literature and that this is a field largely unsupported with materials and resources. However, there were some common features in the ways that practitioners approach, organise and deliver the provision; and it was found that almost all the provision takes place in the early part of medical education. It is suggested that continuing problems with the status of social sciences, lack of clarity about whether the purpose is to enrich medicine with knowledge about health and generated by the social sciences, and/or explore the ontological and epistemological tensions between natural and social sciences coupled with the status of social scientists in medical education, may limit capacity to develop the field.

IntroductionToday's mass-media has developed and changed during these years. We talk about many different types of changes: linguistic, social, economic, financial, but we must talk about the changes in behaviorism, the changes in cultural styles, in the way of advertising, the way of self-promotion, the way of showing identities. Social media is not just about the media, but it also involves everybody who has access to phone applications, internet or social media accounts. It is more interactive than the traditional mass-media, it is more complex and it embraces the whole world.Social media, by entering our lives, has begun to change paradigms. In the educational system, there is also social media as a form of teaching or promoting school or educational programs or courses. This is the reason why social media should be taught in educational institutes. The subject Mass Media is already taught in Romanian high-schools, but only as an optional subject, and by teachers who are not specialized in Media Studies, but teach humanistic subjects. The purpose of this article is a simple thesis: searching how social media is used in educational institutes, how it is taught in primary and high schools, and why it is important to be taught correctly. Last but not least, Horea Mihai Badau, social media specialist and Claudia Chiorean Talasman, communication specialist will give suggestions on how social media can be taught effectively. Social media entered so fast in people's lives that the educational system was not prepared for such a change. Therefore, in this era, at the approximate beginning of this feature we must take into consideration to teach it correctly, by professionals and prepare youth to use it correctly and focus in essence on its advantages but be aware of its disadvantages, as well. "The development of the digital technologies launched the massmedia in a different era. For the means of mass communication this was the perfect opportunity to achieve what they always claimed: inform the public with maximum speed." (Abrudan 2008).With the introduction of social media in our lives, we can identify two types or two kinds of lives: a real one and a virtual one. In both the real one and the social one, people create an identity. However, in most cases, this identity differs in real and in virtual life. Youth became obsessive in creating themselves their virtual identities. It is more important for them to create and construct this identity as social media gives them feedback by likes and shares, and it became a really important psychological issue because it mirrors youth identity building. This fast and superficial feedback creates psychological reinforcement or depression for younger generations. However, teenagers "work" hard in creating these identities by following some "socially accepted" trends depending on the group they are part of.The reason for choosing this subject is both simple and important: teenagers are the mirror of the present and future society and are really important, which makes it essential to teach them how to use social media. It is like giving children weapons without teaching them how to use these powerful tools.Social Media and EducationSocial Media became a part of mass-media once with the entering of the digital world. The Online Merriam Webster dictionary defines social media in the following terms: "forms of electronic communication (such as websites for social net- working and micro blogging) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content (such as videos)". This new form of communication actually enters people's lives and many media specialists are searching for a definition of it and trying to shape its consequences upon mankind. Lucian Vasile Szabo (2016, p. 101), set the following definition for Social Media in the work Media Communication: present and future: "Social Media can be an important source of information for mass media, helping to verify information: "Facebook provides an excellent opportunity for triangulating sources and should be considered publicly available information as are all sites not encrypted" (Whitehouse 2010). …

The advent of BBC2 provides an ideal focus for the study of the place of science in culture. Existing historical work on the televisual representation of science and technology looks only at science programming. This article proposes that such an approach misses what the medium supplies to the account of its subject. As a corrective, this article compares the treatment of science with that of other intellectual and cultural subjects, taking the case of the four monthly programmes that occupied the channel's initial Saturday evening 8.45–9.30 slot, treating: science (Horizon), social science (The Human Side), literature (Writers' World) and music (Workshop). Considering questions of televisual technique and grammar, it uncovers a common genealogy for all but the social science programme in the style and conventions of the arts magazine, Monitor. This suggests that the comparative study of television programmes can help the historian address the difficult terrain of ‘high’ culture as it was negotiated in the fluid circumstances of the 1960s.

Employing metasynthesis as a method, this study examined 52 empirical articles on culturally relevant and responsive science education in K-12 settings to determine the nature and scope of complementarity between culturally responsive and inquiry-based science practices (i.e., science and engineering practices identified in the National Research Council's Framework for K-12 Science Education). The findings from this study indicate several areas of complementarity. Most often, the inquiry-based practices Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information, Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions, and Developing and Using Models were used to advance culturally responsive instruction and assessment. The use and development of models, in particular, allowed students to explore scientific concepts through families’ funds of knowledge and explain content from Western science and Indigenous Knowledge perspectives. Moreover, students frequently Analyzed and Interpreted Data when interrogating science content in sociopolitical consciousness-raising experiences, such as identifying pollution and asthma incidences in an urban area according to neighborhood location. Specific inquiry-based practices were underutilized when advancing culturally responsive science instruction, though. For example, Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking and Engaging in Argument from Evidence were infrequently encountered. However, culturally responsive engineering-related practices were most often connected with these, and thus, represent potential areas for future complementarity, particularly as the United States embraces the Next Generation Science Standards. In considering innovative directions for advancing equitable science education, several possibilities are discussed in light of the findings of this study.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 9999:XX–XX, 2017

This article considers the parallels between social science approaches to research and the practice of national security intelligence analysis. Just as it is important for policymakers and citizens...

Health psychology formally came of age in the United Kingdom in the 1980s, but it was prefigured by much discussion about challenges to the dominance of biomedicine in healthcare and debates. This articles focuses on what could be termed the pre-history of health psychology in the UK. This was the period in the earlier 20th century when psychological approaches were dominated by psychoanalysis which was followed by behaviourism and then cognitivism. Review of this pre-history provides the backdrop for the rise of health psychology in the UK and also reveals the tensions between the different theoretical perspectives.

Current curriculum demands require primary teachers to teach about the Nature of Science; yet, few primary teachers have had opportunity to learn about science as a discipline. Prior schooling and vicarious experiences of science may shape their beliefs about science and, as a result, their science teaching. This qualitative study describes the impact on teacher beliefs about science and science education of a programme where 26 New Zealand primary (elementary) teachers worked fulltime for 6 months alongside scientists, experiencing the nature of work in scientific research institutes. During the 6 months, teachers were supported, through a series of targeted professional development days, to make connections between their experiences working with scientists, the curriculum and the classroom. Data for the study consisted of mid- and end-of-programme written teacher reports and open-ended questionnaires collected at three points, prior to and following 6 months with the science host and after 6 to 12 months back in school. A shift in many teachers’ beliefs was observed after the 6 months of working with scientists in combination with curriculum development days; for many, these changes were sustained 6 to 12 months after returning to school. Beliefs about the aims of science education became more closely aligned with the New Zealand curriculum and its goal of developing science for citizenship. Responses show greater appreciation of the value of scientific ways of thinking, deeper understanding about the nature of scientists’ work and the ways in which science and society influence each other.

This article focuses on how a BSc (Household and Social Science) from Kings College of Household and Social Science (KCHSS) inflected the life and work of Winifred Egan (1915-2007), a teacher, whose career spanned elementary and secondary schooling and teacher education. The article illustrates the ways in which KCHSS graduates deployed disciplinary knowledge around the developing science of nutrition not only in newly-opening spaces of laboratories but also in women’s customary spaces of school teaching. The article also demonstrates how the focus on science fostered at KCHSS and the technical proficiency in craft skills that characterised much domestic subjects teaching were re-balanced in differing teaching contexts.

In recent years, a constantly increasing trend towards attempts at exploring relational attributes through social network analysis has been observed, shifting away from conventional individualistic attributes. A big advantage of social network analysis lies in the visualization of subjects’ interactions and relational patterns and the resulting emergence phenomenon. The current study introduces essential concepts and theories of social network analysis in an aim to illuminate how it might be used to investigate individual and group behaviours in the field of sport social science research. Social network analysis has not yet been popularized in social science in sport research in comparison with its relatively wide adoption in other social sciences. In social science in sport, social network analysis can be used in various research areas such as social networks and knowledge networks, and it can lead exploration of previously unexplored research areas.

This chapter reviews the literature in the sociology of science to explore what light it may shed on scientific and technical writing and to see what questions it may raise for future study. It examines the major models of scientific activity and community in order to define the role that communication takes in each. The discipline of sociology of science has done much to map out the structure of the scientific community and its activities. Even the traditional view of scientific writing, stemming from F. Bacon and fostered by the founding of the Royal Society, implies a social theory. S. Toulmin’s view suggests that all knowledge-bearing documents, including scientific writing, should be understood within the conditions and goals of the period as well as against the competing contemporary claims. A text should be seen as only one articulation of an evolving concept struggling to survive.

The natural environment is increasingly incorporated into social work research, policy, and frameworks for practice in recognition of the importance of ecological justice and the interconnectedness of humans with nature. However, it is unclear to what degree social work education has broadened its scope to include the natural world. Using a content analysis of 937 subject descriptions within Bachelor of Social Work and Master of Social Work (Qualifying) degrees, this article reports on the extent to which Australian social work education appears to cover content related to the natural environment. The findings from this study indicate there is an overall lack of engagement with this content. Reasons for this gap in social work education are discussed, as well as the implications for Australian social work education more broadly.

The article considers numerous factors that have influenced the formation and application of the social and human sciences. It shows that throughout history an orientation toward practice has alway...

Hodson and Wong (2017, this issue) argue that, though the nature of science (NOS) is now an established focus of school science education and a key element in defining scientific literacy, “the consensus view” of NOS misrepresents contemporary scientific practice. They then propose a number of alternative approaches to science curriculum building. I agree with Hodson and Wong’s criticism of the consensus view of NOS. I also like many aspects of their proposals and believe that they would enrich the curriculum and present students with a much more realistic picture of science. But I have an important reservation about these proposals. Hodson and Wong’s view of NOS is largely ahistorical in that they seem to focus only on contemporary science. Such a focus may lead to a distorted picture of science and its history, portraying science as little more than a mirror image of contemporary science. In order to understand the nature of science, it is vital to learn its history. I conclude by briefly commenting on the role that the history, philosophy, and sociology of science should play in shaping a vision for science education that would inspire creativity, open-mindedness, critical thinking, and respect for different cultures and conceptions of the world.