16 results on '"Ideal types"'
Search Results
2. Theorizing the form and impact of sport scandals
- Author
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Ulrik Wagner and Rasmus K. Storm
- Subjects
Meaning ,Ideal types ,Sociology and Political Science ,Charismatic failure ,Sociology of sport ,Epistemology ,Luhmann ,Faculty of Science ,Bureaucratic fallacy ,Sociology ,Meaning (existential) ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Weber - Abstract
Sport scandals have attracted significant interest within and beyond the sociology of sport. However, developing a theoretical understanding of sport scandals has so far been neglected. Therefore, the two-fold purpose of this conceptual paper is to outline a theoretical model for understanding the form of a sport scandal, and to construct two typical sport scandals that can assist us in theorizing and differentiating how sport scandals may have varying effects on society. In our work, we rely on insights on form formulated by the German sociologist Niklas Luhmann combined with notions of ideal types derived from Max Weber. Accordingly, scandals are described as examples of paradoxical forms where excluded meaning re-enters to create spaces of temporary liminality. Despite their common characteristics, we are able to construct two ideal types of scandals – bureaucratic fallacy and charismatic failure – to understand why scandals may have varying impacts on the environment.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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3. The use of binaries in nationalism studies
- Author
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Maarten Van Ginderachter and James Kennedy
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History ,Ideal (set theory) ,civic-ethnic ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Politics ,civil nationalism ,multiculturalism ,Nationalism studies ,Nationalism ,Epistemology ,Section (archaeology) ,Multiculturalism ,nationalism ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,ideal types ,Sociology ,eastern-western ,General Environmental Science ,media_common - Abstract
This introduction to the themed section 'Beyond Binaries of Nationalism' critically reviews the use of binaries in nationalism studies. It identifies a lack of precision in the use of ideal types as a key failing, and points to new conceptions and types. The contributions to the section question the reification of binaries, most especially western/eastern and civic/ethnic and their attendant biases, and instead emphasize a certain ideological fluidity in the character of nationalism.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Rethinking Political Representation from the Perspective of Rhetorical Genres
- Author
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Kari Palonen
- Subjects
Weber, Max ,Perspective (graphical) ,Representation (systemics) ,Max Weber ,political representation ,retoriikka ,Euroopan unioni ,Epistemology ,Politics ,politiikka ,Rhetorical question ,ta517 ,ideal types ,thought experiment ,Sociology ,European Union ,rhetorical genres ,Weber ,Max ,concepts of representation - Abstract
This article is a thought experiment. It constructs ideal types of political representation in the sense of Max Weber. Inspired by Quentin Skinner and others, the aim is to give a rhetorical turn to contemporary debates on representation. The core idea is to claim an ‘elective affinity’ (Wahlverwandschaft, as Weber says following Goethe) between forms of representation and rhetorical genres of their justification. The four ideal types of political representation are designated as plebiscitary, diplomatic, advocatory, and parliamentary, corresponding to the epideictic, negotiating, forensic, and deliberative genres of rhetoric as the respective ways to plausibly appeal to the audience. I discuss historical approximations of each type of representation and apply the combination of representation and rhetorical genres to the understanding of the European Union’s unconventional system of ‘separation of powers’. I conclude with supporting parliamentary representation, based on dissensus and debate, with complements from other types.
- Published
- 2019
5. INTERPRETANDO LAS POLÍTICAS DE INMIGRACIÓN EN ESPAÑA DESDE EL DEBATE TRANSNACIONALISMO-NACIONALISMO METODOLÓGICO.
- Author
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MORCILLO-ESPINA, ÁLVARO
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGY ,TRANSNATIONALISM ,NATIONALISM ,IDEAL type (Sociology) ,GOVERNMENT policy ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
Copyright of Migraciones is the property of Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Instituto Universitario de Estudios sobre Migraciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
6. The origins and dynamics of genocide.
- Author
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Turner, Charles
- Subjects
GENOCIDE ,FORCED migration ,POWER (Social sciences) ,FASCISM ,DEMOCRACY ,HISTORICAL sociology ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
Two of Michael Mann's recent books continue his exploration of the sources of social power and then extend it into the study of ethnic cleansing, a phenomenon which Mann wishes to see as a potential built into modern political institutions, and specifically democratic political cultures, from the start. However, this review argues that the richness of the empirical material mobilized in these books makes them more nuanced and sophisticated than Mann's own summary of them suggests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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7. Continental Sociology of Professions Today: Conceptual Contributions.
- Author
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Sciulli, David
- Subjects
- *
SOCIOLOGY of professions , *SOCIOLOGISTS , *LANGUAGE & languages , *MIDDLE class , *CIVIL society , *PROFESSIONS , *SOCIOLOGY , *SOCIAL scientists , *SOCIAL classes - Abstract
Continental sociologists did not contribute to the sociology of professions until the 1980s in part because no continental language developed indigenously a synonym for profession. Today, however, some continental sociologists are contributing to this literature, but they are inadvertently recapitulating within it the theories and concepts that for decades were applied to the middle classes more generally. This article explores why these theories and concepts revolve around cultural and social psychological variables, and why they neglect invariant structural qualities. The article concludes by proposing schematically a structural and institutional turn in the study of professions that distinguishes professions from middle-class occupations and reveals the consequences that professions uniquely introduced into civil society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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8. Ethical Dilemmas of "Verstehen" In Sociology*.
- Author
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Halas, Elzbieta
- Subjects
VERSTEHEN ,SOCIAL theory ,SOCIOLOGY ,HUMANISTIC sociology ,HUMANISM - Abstract
Theodore Abel belonged before Talcott Parsons to the pioneers of "Weberians"' kind in America. In his Systematic Sociology in Germany the first systematic exposure of Max Weber's ideas in English appeared. Abel was the first to use Verstehen and Verstehende Soziologie in English literature. Abel also pioneered the research on the Nazi phenomenon. The manifestations of nazism and communist totalitarianism in the 20th century put the sociological theory and methodology to a critical test. Examining Abel's work as a case study, it is possible to see more clearly the ethical and methodological problems of the humanistic sociology--the "understanding" or interpretative one. The sense and implications of understanding in sociology still require greater clarity in order to better understand the understanding. Abel's diary sheds light on the methodological problems of his understanding research of nazism. The source of danger and ethical dilemmas of that discipline lies in the tradition of understanding sociology and Weber's method of ideal types connected with the principle of freedom from valuation. Also in that very tradition there are beginnings for development of its rightful cause and vocation. Provided, just like in Znaniecki's concept of humanistic coefficient, not only meanings but also valuations and social sentiments given in people's experience are taken into account. Full understanding cannot imply complete tolerance if meanings and values of individuals and groups are coupled with hate and other hostile feelings. Social feelings--hate and love (altruism)--constitute a sociologist's axiological system of negative and positive reference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
9. Comparative Historical Sociology and the State: Problems of Method
- Author
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Gurminder K. Bhambra
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Reproduction (economics) ,Context (language use) ,modern ,HM ,European ,Colonialism ,Historia ,050601 international relations ,Ideal (ethics) ,state ,State (polity) ,Germany ,050602 political science & public administration ,ideal types ,Sociology ,Weber ,media_common ,historical sociology ,Modernity ,05 social sciences ,General Social Sciences ,methodology ,colonial ,0506 political science ,Epistemology ,Europe ,modern state ,imperialism ,imperial ,Historical sociology ,postcolonial critique ,empire ,Comparative historical research - Abstract
Historical sociology can be understood both as a specific sub-field of sociology and as providing general conceptual underpinnings of the discipline, to the extent that it provides an understanding of the specificity of the modern state and the perceived emergence of modernity within Europe. The association of modernity with Europe (and with a European history limited to the self-identified boundaries of the continent) is commonplace and pervasive within the social sciences and humanities. What such an understanding fails to take into consideration, however, are the connections between Europe and the rest of the world that constitute the broader context for the emergence of what is understood to be the modern world and its institutions, such as the state and market. In this article, I suggest that integral to this misunderstanding, and its reproduction over time, is the methodology of comparative historical sociology as represented by ideal types. In contrast, I argue for ‘connected sociologies’ as a more appropriate way to understand our shared past and its continuing impact upon the present. I examine these issues in the context of historical sociological understandings of nation-state formation.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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10. Continuity and Change in Pastoral Livelihoods of Senegalese Fulani
- Author
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Hanne Kirstine Adriansen
- Subjects
AFRICA ,Economic growth ,Fulani ,Pastoralism ,LIVESTOCK ,Diversification (marketing strategy) ,Livelihood ,market opportunities ,Senegal ,PARADIGMS ,livelihood strategies ,Development economics ,Portfolio ,ideal types ,pastoral production ,Sociology ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,History general - Abstract
Based on fieldwork in northern Senegal, this paper shows how some pastoralists in Ferlo have managed to use market opportunities as a means to maintain their ''pastoral way of life'' Increased market involvement has enlarged the field of opportunities for pastoral activities as well as the vulnerability of these activities. This has given rise to a dialectic process of diversification and specialization. The paper is concerned with the portfolio of livelihood activities pastoralists use in order to respond to adverse socio-economic and environmental conditions. Depending on the possibilities and values of a household, a certain combination of activities is chosen and this may change from one year to another. Hence, the activities are used in a dynamic way within households. On the basis of pastoral livelihood activities, four ideal types of pastoral livelihood strategies can be constructed: ''agro-pastoralism,'' ''Ta- baski pastoralism,'' ''commercial pastoralism,'' and ''non-herding pastoralism.'' These four types illustrate how pastoralists re-invent their livelihoods in order to continue a pastoral way of life.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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11. A multidimensionalidade nas organizações empresariais: proposta de um modelo analítico
- Author
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Sérgio Alves
- Subjects
Structure (mathematical logic) ,Flexibility (engineering) ,análise organizacional ,Standardization ,Process (engineering) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,analytical model ,organizational analysis ,General Medicine ,Creativity ,organization theory ,modelo analítico ,Ideal (ethics) ,Management ,Epistemology ,tipos ideais ,Action (philosophy) ,teoria das organizações ,ideal types ,Sociology ,multidimensionality ,multidimensionalidade ,Autonomy ,media_common - Abstract
O modelo proposto neste artigo tem por fundamento teórico o legado de Max Weber, principalmente a sua tipologia da ação social e os seus tipos ideais de dominação, cujos componentes são reelaborados para a construção de instrumental analítico capaz de contribuir para investigar configurações administrativo-organizacionais. O modelo ressalta a coexistência, no interior da organização empresarial, de um conjunto de fenômenos simultaneamente opostos e complementares, em meio a um processo contínuo de organização-interações-reordenamento. A empresa dotada de uma estrutura equiparativo-adaptadora é o tipo-base do modelo, a partir do qual são descritos os subtipos ordenativo-conservador e liberativo-transformador. Este trabalho insere novos elementos no debate sobre como integrar flexibilidade, autonomia e liberdade, que propiciam a inovação e a criatividade, com estabilidade, padronização e regulamentação, que favorecem a disciplina administrativa e o controle gerencial. The model proposed in this article is founded on the legacy of Max Weber. It principally elaborates on his typology of social action and his ideal types of domination. These components are reelaborated into the construction of an analytical instrument capable of contributing to the investigation of organizational-administrative configurations. The model emphasizes the coexistence, within the interior of the business organization, of a set of phenomena simultaneously opposed and complementary, in the middle of a continuous process of organization-interaction-restructuring. The business set up on a Comparative-Adaptive structure is the base type of the model, from which the Ordinance-Conservative and Liberation-Transforming subtypes are described. This article inserts new elements into the debate of how to integrate flexibility, autonomy and liberty, that proportion innovation and creativity, with stability, standardization and regulation, that favor administrative discipline and managerial control.
- Published
- 2004
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12. Methodological reflections on Chris Wickham's 'Framing the Early Middle Ages'
- Author
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Da Graca, Laura
- Subjects
Historical ,Ideal types ,Análisis metodológico ,Estudio comparativo ,Tipos ideales ,Historia ,Wickham ,Sociology ,Análisis ,Historia medieval ,Methodological analysis ,Wickham, Chris ,Comparative study ,Sociología histórica ,Sociología - Abstract
El objetivo del artículo es analizar algunas cuestiones metodológicas relativas al método comparativo a través del estudio de Chris Wickham Framing the Early Middle Ages. Este fundamental trabajo -un estudio comparativo general empíricamente fundado- se analiza teniendo en cuenta su lógica interna, la forma de contrastar sociedades y los objetivos generales, y se compara con otros estudios comparativos provenientes de la sociología histórica, como los de Byres y Barrington Moore. Se considera también críticamente el uso de tipos ideales y la forma lógica de los razonamientos en la obra de Wickham, así como su contribución al método comparativo y a la comprensión general de un período histórico. The aim of this article is to analyze some methodological issues concerning the comparative method through the study of Chris Wickham's Framing the Early Middle Ages. This crucial work -a general, empirically-founded comparative study- is analyzed byconsidering its internal logic, its approach to contrasting societies and its general goals, as well as by comparing it with other comparative studies in the field of historical sociology - such as those of Byres and Barrington Moore. The use of ideal types and the logical form of statements in the work of Wickham are also critically considered, together with the latter's contribution to the comparative method and to the general understanding of a ;historical period. Fil: Da Graca, Laura. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.
- Published
- 2008
13. Reflexiones metodológicas sobre el estudio comparativo de Chris Wickham
- Author
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Graca, Laura da and Ediciones Universidad de Valladolid
- Subjects
Wickham ,Historical ,Sociology ,Ideal types ,Estudio Comparativo ,Edad Media ,Análisis metodológico ,Methodological analysis ,Tipos ideales ,Comparative study ,Sociología histórica ,Historia - Abstract
El objetivo del artículo es analizar algunas cuestiones metodológicas relativas al método comparativo a través del estudio de Chris Wickham Framing the Early Middle Ages. Este fundamental trabajo -un estudio comparativo general empíricamente fundado- se analiza teniendo en cuenta su lógica interna, la forma de contrastar sociedades y los objetivos generales, y se compara con otros estudios comparativos provenientes de la sociología histórica, como los de Byres y Barrington Moore. Se considera también críticamente el uso de tipos ideales y la forma lógica de los razonamientos en la obra de Wickham, así como su contribución al método comparativo y a la comprensión general de un período histórico., The aim of this article is to analyze some methodological issues concerning the comparative method through the study of Chris Wickham's Framing the Early Middle Ages. This crucial work -a general, empirically-founded comparative study- is analyzed byconsidering its internal logic, its approach to contrasting societies and its general goals, as well as by comparing it with other comparative studies in the field of historical sociology - such as those of Byres and Barrington Moore. The use of ideal types and the logical form of statements in the work of Wickham are also critically considered, together with the latter's contribution to the comparative method and to the general understanding of a historical period., Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación
- Published
- 2008
14. O paradigma weberiano da ação social: um ensaio sobre a compreensão do sentido, a criação de tipos ideais e suas aplicações na teoria organizacional
- Author
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Antônio Del Maestro Filho, Devanir Vieira Dias, and Lúcio Flávio Renault de Moraes
- Subjects
hermenêutica ,pensamento weberiano ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Organizational studies ,sense making ,General Medicine ,bureaucracy ,Capitalism ,Training and development ,Ideal (ethics) ,organizational theory ,Action (philosophy) ,tipos ideais ,Weber's thought ,ideal types ,Sociology ,Ideology ,Bureaucracy ,Organizational theory ,teoria organizacional ,Social science ,Humanities ,media_common ,burocracia - Abstract
Este trabalho foi elaborado com o propósito de resgatar e compreender o elo de ligação existente entre o pensamento weberiano e a teoria das organizações ocidentais, fortemente influenciadas pela ética capitalista. Apresenta as conexões causais e os tipos ideais e seu respectivo papel na elaboração de instrumentos de pesquisa em ciências sociais. A teoria weberiana considera as organizações como sistemas burocráticos, que constituem o ponto de partida para sociólogos e cientistas políticos no estudo das organizações. O trabalho aborda também a sociologia compreensiva da ação social e apresenta as características positivas e negativas da burocracia. Enfatiza ainda a dominação ideológica do capitalismo, que vem sendo cada vez mais reforçada pelos programas de treinamento e desenvolvimento nas empresas. This paper is concerned with recovery and comprehension of the linking between Max Weber's thought and the Organizational Theory. It outlines the causal connections of ideal types as research's instruments in social sciences. The theory considers the organizations as bureaucratic systems, which are the departure's point for sociologists and politic scientists on the Organizational Studies. It approaches the comprehensive sociology of the social action and show's the both sides of the bureaucracy with the positive and negative characteristics. So, it emphasizes also the ideological domination of the capitalism that has become very stronger in the training and development programs of the human resources.
- Published
- 2003
15. Problém subjektivního smyslu jednání v díle Maxe Webera, Clifforda Geertze a Rudolfa Bultmanna
- Author
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Nespor, Zdenek R.
- Subjects
Methodology (Philosophical) ,Soziologie ,Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ,Bultmann, Rudolf ,Weber, Max ,Theoretical Problems ,Ethnology, Cultural Anthropology, Ethnosociology ,Ideal Types ,Culture ,Geertz, Clifford ,Ethnologie, Kulturanthropologie, Ethnosoziologie ,Agency and Structure ,Subjectivity ,Sociology & anthropology ,Sociology ,Soziologie, Anthropologie ,ddc:300 ,Social Action ,ddc:301 ,Social sciences, sociology, anthropology - Abstract
Max Weber, Clifford Geertz, & Rudolf Bultmann are often cited by anthropologists & sociologists who are trying to determine the essence of human sciences through a deep analysis of the subjective meanings that the actor sets to his/her behavior. This article provides an analysis of theoretical & epistemological conceptions of the three thinkers mentioned above, & the author concludes that each of them uses the construction of subjective justification in a different way. Weber distinguishes behavior itself from its meaning, which is constituted by a subjective reference to the values of the actor, & also of the recipient (or researcher). In Weber's point of view, someone else's meaning of behavior is eventually undeterminable, & the researcher can only come close to the subjective meaning through an ideal-typical construction, although Weber eventually does not refuse such ideal-typical constructions behind the cognitive possibilities of the actor. Geertz's attempt at an orientation of a description according to the actor primarily leads to the view of cultural & social facts from a bird's eye perspective, to a presumably deeper understanding than the actor is able to have. In this article the author argues that the differences between Weber's & Geertz's theoretical constructions originate in their contrasting conceptions of the nature of culture. Another such case is Bultmann, owing to the fact that he does not concentrate on the subjective meaning of action in a narrow sense, while he aims at, in his eyes, all human existential experience of reality.
- Published
- 2002
16. The Continuing Anglican Metamorphosis: Introducing The Adapted Integrated Model
- Author
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L'Hommedieu, John
- Subjects
- Max weber, interpretive sociology, typology, ideal types, church sect, episcopal church, anglicanism, schism, sectarianism, anglican church in north america (acna), anglican mission in the americas (amia), reformed episcopal church, howard becker, william h. swatos jr., integrated model, adapted integrated model, historical sociology, comparative sociology, Sociology, Dissertations, Academic -- Sciences, Sciences -- Dissertations, Academic
- Abstract
The purpose of this thesis is to develop and test the Advanced Integrated Model, a typological model in the tradition of Weber’s interpretive sociology, as an asset in explaining recent transformations in American Episcopal-Anglican organizations. The study includes an assessment of the church-sect tradition in the sociology of religion and a summary overview of Weber’s interpretive sociology with special emphasis on the nature and construction of idealtypes and their use in analysis. To illustrate the effectiveness of the model a number of institutional rivalries confronting contemporary Episcopal-Anglican organizations are identified and shown to be explainable only from a sociological perspective and not simply as “in house” institutional problems. The present work sheds light on parent-child conflicts in religious organizations and reopens discussion about the theoretical value of ideal-types in general, and church-sect typologies in particular, when utilized from a comparative-historical perspective
- Published
- 2012
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