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We develop a theoretically grounded framework of boundary transitions and their effect on individuals working in dynamic teamwork settings. "Boundaries in teamwork," described here as the psychological limits that define one team as separate from another, have been examined in silos across a broad range of literatures. Consequently, we know little about the cognitive processes associated with the psychological shift in focus (or boundary transition) that occurs because of a change in people, roles, tasks, or technologies in the context of dynamic teamwork. Our comprehensive model of boundary transitions incorporates a broader perspective of boundary transitions, such as transitions across multiple types of boundaries, as well as dimensions of boundary transitions, such as the strength and meaning of the boundaries traversed, the number of boundaries crossed (transition breadth), and whether the context of the transition is within or between teams (transition context). We leverage this framework to explore the cognitive implications of boundary transitions (cognitive exertion and expansion) as well as their implications for individual contributions to teamwork and provide an agenda for future inquiry in boundary transitions in dynamic collaborative teamwork. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to investigate elementary school principals' work from the ecological systems perspective and which elements of their work are experienced as demands or resources. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 principals. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data. The results show that the way principals experience their work is individual and influenced by several internal and external factors. Some of the most extensive demands appear to be related to interaction with different stakeholders in situations where principals have the role of mediator in solving conflicting situations. Challenges also seem to arise in dealing with elements or issues that principals cannot influence or have no control over. Principals' current perception is influenced by their education, work and personal histories and future vision. The results also indicate that principals need in-service training concerning social interaction and human resource management, such as how to act in conflicting situations, interact with different personalities and get the entire school community to develop and work for common goals. In addition, our findings suggest that offering support to principals through, for example, mentoring programmes during their first years could reduce the pressures they face and help them concentrate more fully on relevant tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism live streaming, as a powerful online platform connecting destinations and users, has promoted the recovery of tourism in the post‐epidemic era. This study uses the stimulus‐organism‐response (SOR) framework to investigate the connections among social presence, perceived value, and user's participation willingness in tourism activities. Through analyzing 383 responses collected from Douyin users, it is confirmed that social presence and emotional social presence will positively affect users' participation willingness. In addition, perceived functional value and perceived affective value play a partial positive mediating role, and user innovativeness positively moderates the connection between perceived value and users' participation willingness. This study is helpful for anchors and platforms to achieve better tourism live broadcast operation and management and is helpful for the tourism service industry to expand product influence and business performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study contributes to the literature on fear of missing out (FOMO) and poverty alleviation that tourists can be simultaneously affected by both personal FOMO (P‐FOMO) and social FOMO (S‐FOMO). The former is an individual‐based feeling, while the latter is how the individual would like to be perceived by others. An online survey was conducted using a quasi‐experimental approach with a sample of 493 Mainland China respondents. We analyzed the impact of FOMO‐laden online information on Chinese tourists subject to poverty alleviation travel. Anticipated elation, anticipated envy by other people, and moral obligation associated with P‐FOMO, while anticipated envy by other people, moral obligation, and social influence associated with S‐FOMO. The P‐FOMO affects tourists' intention to visit, rather than S‐FOMO. We fill the theoretical gap by examining FOMO in the context of poverty alleviation travel and subsequently contribute to sustainable tourism through poverty alleviation in this specific industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social interaction is a common phenomenon in human societies. Different from discovering groups based on the similarity of individuals' actions, social interaction focuses more on the mutual influence between people. Although people can easily judge whether or not there are social interactions in a real-world scene, it is difficult for an intelligent system to discover social interactions. Initiating and concluding social interactions are greatly influenced by an individual's social cognition and the surrounding environment, which are closely related to psychology. Thus, converting the psychological factors that impact social interactions into quantifiable visual representations and creating a model for interaction relationships poses a significant challenge. To this end, we propose a Psychology-Guided Environment Aware Network (PEAN) that models social interaction among people in videos using supervised learning. Specifically, we divide the surrounding environment into scene-aware visual-based and human-aware visual-based descriptions. For the scene-aware visual clue, we utilize 3D features as global visual representations. For the human-aware visual clue, we consider instance-based location and behaviour-related visual representations to map human-centred interaction elements in social psychology: distance, openness, and orientation. In addition, we design an environment aware mechanism to integrate features from visual clues, with a Transformer to explore the relation between individuals and construct pairwise interaction strength features. The interaction intensity matrix reflecting the mutual nature of the interaction is obtained by processing the interaction strength features with the interaction discovery module. An interaction constrained loss function composed of interaction critical loss function and smooth Fβ loss function is proposed to optimize the whole framework to improve the distinction of the interaction matrix and alleviate class imbalance caused by pairwise interaction sparsity. Given the diversity of real-world interactions, we collect a new dataset named Social Basketball Activity Dataset (Soical-BAD), covering complex social interactions. Our method achieves the best performance among social-CAD, social-BAD, and their combined dataset named Video Social Interaction Dataset (VSID). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Derogation of the victim refers to the tendency of an observer to negatively evaluate someone hurt by the action of another. Victim derogation has been a core feature of social psychology for decades, but evidence suggests this phenomenon is weakening. It may even be reversing into a valorization of victims. Is this empirical pattern due to methodological changes and shifts in theoretical framing of victim studies, or have there been large-scale cultural changes in how we view victims? This review outlines the theoretical and methodological origins of the derogation effect. It then discusses contemporary research streams that show the malleability of victim perception in research that considers the entire harmful social interaction. These studies suggest that shifts in broader social, political, and cultural environments may have impacted the social psychological foundations of derogation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Safety & Security Sciences Review / Biztonságtudományi Szemle is the property of Obuda University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research deals with acquisition of language acquired by Kent Fukada, a one and half year Indonesian baby boy, at his current age of 1-2 years old in Pematangsiantar. This baby boy is a bilingual child because since his birth, he got three languages; Hokkian, Indonesia, and English. Bilingual covers to both bilingual and multilingual acquisition. Fierro-Cobas and Chan (2001:80) defined language development is a multifaceted and ever -changing process that is shaped by factors such as a child's age, the degree of language exposure, and social interactions. It is common for bilingual children to engage in both simultaneous and sequential bilingualism. The purpose of this research is to know the words combination and language development produced by a bilingualism child in his current age. The researchers used some theories to answer the problem such as Chomsky (2009), Romaine (1995) as cited in Zhu and Li (2005), Fierro-Cobas and Chan (2001). The research methodology utilized a case study approach, and the data collection involved following the subject through naturalistic observation to record their communications with individuals around them (Clark and Clark, 1977). According to Fierro-Cobas and Chan (2001), a child at the age of 1-2 years can simultaneously use two languages. However, this study's results demonstrate that Kent Fukada, as a bilingual child, can produce a considerable number of words and combine more than two languages, including Hokkian (as the mother tongue), English, and Indonesian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the published research on the actualization of interdisciplinary integration at mathematics lessons is due to the need for conceptual clarification of what is included in the concept of an academic discipline, and, consequently, interdisciplinary integration. Currently, there is no uniformly consistent interdisciplinary terminology, moreover, interdisciplinary boundaries are often difficult to overcome. In pedagogical practice, intersubject is only rhetorically praised, but its practical implementation is often very difficult. This publication aims at studying the role and potential of the actualization of interdisciplinary integration at mathematics lessons. Mathematics is widely recognized as central to human development. However, there are not enough research concerning teaching mathematics in various contexts of educational systems. The object of the study is interdisciplinary integration at mathematics lessons within the framework of holistic learning concepts. Consideration of interdisciplinary integration at mathematics lessons gives researchers the key to education of the XXI century. Nevertheless, few studies are published concerning the proposed object that can serve as a basis for practice in the actualization of interdisciplinary integration at mathematics lessons. Qualitative critical phenomenology was used as a research methodology, since the logic of the actualization of interdisciplinary integration at mathematics lessons reflects a system of historically determined values transmitted by institutionalized models of behaviour, thinking and speech. The application of critical phenomenology allowed us to come to an understanding of how the social and pedagogical aspects of the actualization of interdisciplinary integration at mathematics lessons affect the ways in which students construct reality. Critical phenomenology has made it possible to identify various approaches to the study of the actualization of interdisciplinary integration at mathematics lessons, to study the impact of social interactions in the construction of interdisciplinary discourse by students, the possible impact that interdisciplinary discourse can have on learning. Since the research was of a qualitative nature, it was inevitably influenced by the interpretative methodological paradigm, which recognizes that individual life experience is formed by context, and ideas about knowledge are socially constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychology has made tremendous strides in understanding the effects that social stimuli have on attention. However, one aspect that has received relatively less consideration is the role that attention plays in social interactions. The present review examines how attentional orienting, engagement, and communication affect and shape a diverse array of social processes, including person perception, discrimination, and group structures. Specifically, the empirical evidence reviewed here points to the notions that (1) attentional orienting mediates learning and acquisition of others' attitudes and reflects or reinforces the use of stereotypical social information; (2) attentional engagement increases the accuracy of impression formation and modulates impression valence (positive vs. negative) depending on contextual and cultural factors; (3) attentional communication conveys socially appropriate behavior depending on interpersonal factors such as familiarity, intimacy, and social status. Overall, this review reveals that the links between cognitive and social psychology are strong and bidirectional, binds that hold the potential for many new and exciting discoveries in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores a naturalistic and culturally situated perspective on the ontogeny of cooperative cognition and fairness norms in distributive dilemmas involving the allocation of resources. According to this approach, the decision-making process in distributive dilemmas is grounded on general considerations about others' well-being and respecting everyone's interests and rights in conflictive interactions. The sense of fairness is also conceived as the outcome of social interactions and is modulated by contextual factors. However, I claim that the human sense of fairness in distributive dilemmas is certainly bounded by concrete principles that govern its expression and guide the establishment of reasonable, generalizable, and prescriptive solutions in cooperative situations. This logic is broadly confirmed by multiple pieces of evidence from evolutionary-informed and cross-cultural studies within behavioral sciences. Finally, I suggest that cooperative cognition and fairness norms in distributive dilemmas must be explored as scientifically relevant issues independent of ideological assumptions that usually result in problematic interpretations of the empirical data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People frequently engage in preferential treatment toward those with whom they share category memberships. At the same time, sociologists have long understood that the structure of ongoing relations shapes micro-level interactions. Here, we ask whether—and if so, how—same-identity bias in cooperation interacts with key structural features of exchange relations. Specifically, we use the affect theory of social exchange (ATSE) to make predictions about cooperation in productive, reciprocal, and generalized exchange when people are embedded in networks where identities are either known and homogeneous, known and heterogenous, or unknown. Results from our experiment support both past work demonstrating same-identity bias in cooperation and the ATSE's predictions that productive exchange yields the highest levels of cooperation and affective attachment, followed by reciprocal and generalized exchange. More importantly, we find that shared identities and the structure of exchange are two orthogonal factors that distinctly promote cooperation in the presence of each other. Structures with known homogeneous identities are more cooperative and develop higher levels of affective attachment across all forms of exchange, and different types of exchange produce different levels of cooperation and affective attachment in line with the ATSE, but the identity and structural mechanisms do not interact. We conclude by discussing the theoretical implications of our findings for the ATSE and scholarship on social identity biases as well as the practical implications for facilitating cooperation in diverse groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotions and emotion regulation within athletic populations have been explored and examined by researchers and practitioners for many years. However, no research within the field of sport psychology has utilised a quantifiable measure of sportspeople's tendency to use, and perceived efficacy of, interpersonal strategies (i.e., regulating one's own emotions via social interactions). The present study, therefore, aimed to examine the Interpersonal Regulation Questionnaire (IRQ; Williams et al. [2018]. Interpersonal emotion regulation: Implications for affiliation, perceived support, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 115(2), 224. ) for use within sporting contexts. Two hundred and sixty-two sportspeople completed the IRQ along with measures of perceived social support, life satisfaction, and mental toughness. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed the IRQ to have good model fit to its 4-factor structure and good internal reliability. IRQ scores were associated with greater perceived availability of social support and subjective wellbeing. However, IRQ scores did not correlate with self-reported mental toughness. These results provided support for use of the IRQ as a measure for sportspeople's trait level of interpersonal emotion regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses conversational dynamics in interpersonal influence situations. Drawing on interaction ritual theories and the research of interaction processes and patterns, we argue that sequential transition patterns of task and social–emotional acts can capture essences of conversational interaction ritual.A successful ritual then generates emergent solidarity and induces desired outcomes of interpersonal influence. In two experimental situations of online text chats between strangers (advice-giving, N conversation = 336 with a student sample and compliance-gaining, N conversation = 737 with a MTurk sample), we found certain transition patterns consistently predicted influence outcomes and interpersonal perceptions. Aligning with our theoretical expectations, these transitions indicate the moment-to-moment emergence of joint attention and shared emotion, which are essential ingredients of a successful interaction ritual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human activity has caused profound changes to the environment, and not infrequently the resulting effects have proven to be irreversible. Man becomes the main responsible and the most dangerous actor on the scene of pollution to the environment. Today, nature is exploited and polluted more than at any time in history. Any source of pollution becomes a disturbing factor for the smooth running of phenomena encountered at the level of natural ecosystems. Even if each ecosystem has the capacity for self-regulation, this function may be outdated in the face of dosage and the force of polluting elements. Contemporary European society feels most strongly the need for anti-pollution policies, but especially for the immediate implementation of measures to stop various phenomena and actions harmful to the environment and human life. Although the problem is real and topical, various economic and social interests reduce the number of participants with an active role in greening. This raises the need to raise broad awareness of environmental issues and encourage civil initiatives, a task that is shared between various environmental non-governmental organisations and the European Union. It currently has a broad set of rules on environmental issues, including: air quality, chemical safety, climate action, nature protection, waste management and water quality. When it comes to climate, nature and chemicals, the EU has been a pioneer in environmental and health protection, inspiring others around the world to follow suit. However, the European Union's achievements are not just a thing of the past, but its attitude towards environmental protection is future-oriented. The preservation, protection and improvement of the quality of the environment, the protection of human health and the prudent and balanced utilisation of natural resources are objectives of the European Union's environmental policy. This policy is based on the precautionary principle, as well as on the principles that preventive action should be taken, that environmental damage should, as a priority, be rectified at source and, last but not least, that the polluter pays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological change has two first-order effects on the nature of work. First, new technologies can cause changes within workers' occupations, and second, it can push workers to move between occupations. To quantify these effects, we match detailed occupational data from the 2006 and 2016 Canadian censuses to detailed data that associates each occupation with sets of tasks, activities, and skills required for that occupation. Our results show that the importance of attributes related to social interactions and non-routine cognitive tasks has increased significantly. Moreover, most of the increase occurred within narrowly defined occupations. Men were more affected by the observed changes than women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing literature explores how local environments, or contexts, affect political behavior, especially by shaping interpersonal contact with social out-groups. While many studies still draw directly on long-standing hypotheses from contact theory, this research agenda increasingly focuses on new research questions, beyond the classic social psychology literature, and new empirical cases, including from across the lower- and middle-income world. We develop a typology of forms of context and contact to aid the aggregation of findings across disparate cases and demonstrate that the mechanisms that may account for the political effects of intergroup context and contact are broader than those typically explored in psychologically oriented research. We propose future directions for research in this area, including greater focus on the intersection of ethnic and class-based contact and greater attention to how built or computer-based environments may mediate or mirror the effects of demographic contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Intersecoes: Revista de Estudios Interdisciplinares is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

People are fundamentally social beings and enjoy connecting with others. Sometimes, people reach out to others—whether simply to check-in on how others are doing with brief messages or to show that they are thinking of others by sending small gifts to them. Yet, despite the importance and enjoyment of social connection, do people accurately understand how much other people value being reached out to by someone in their social circle? Across a series of preregistered experiments, we document a robust underestimation of how much other people appreciate being reached out to. We find evidence compatible with an account wherein one reason this underestimation of appreciation occurs is because responders (vs. initiators) are more focused on their feelings of surprise at being reached out to. A focus on feelings of surprise in turn predicts greater appreciation. We further identify process-consistent moderators of the underestimation of reach-out appreciation, finding that it is magnified when the reach-out context is more surprising: when it occurs within a surprising (vs. unsurprising) context for the recipient and when it occurs between more socially distant (vs. socially close) others. Altogether, this research thus identifies when and why we underestimate how much other people appreciate us reaching out to them, implicating a heightened focus on feelings of surprise as one underlying explanation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When people face difficult life events, such as cancer or bereavement, they fare better when they receive support. These "experiencers" are likely to seek and receive support from a wide range of people, from close others to acquaintances. Indeed, the social support literature has long acknowledged the value of having a diverse support network. Research suggests that experiencers often perceive "weak ties" (i.e., acquaintances) as sources of support, and that experiencers sometimes prefer to get support from weak ties rather than strong ties. Providing support can be challenging for all kinds of supporters, however weak ties may be more likely than strong ties to allow worries about their inability to provide effective support to stop them from providing any support at all, thus depriving experiencers of opportunities for additional support. In this paper, we focus on the fact that often the provision of support occurs via a social interaction. We draw on the social psychology literature on minimal social interactions to suggest reasons why potential weak tie supporters might doubt their ability to provide effective support, and to generate advice to encourage potential supporters to reach out. Finally, we suggest future areas of research, with the ultimate goal of helping to expand the support that is available for people experiencing difficult life events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why do negotiators act ethically or unethically? What happens after they do? Despite accumulating evidence on the causes and consequences of ethical and unethical behavior in non-negotiation situations, surprisingly few attempts have been made to examine these issues systematically within the negotiation context. This is problematic because it contributes to the somewhat stale viewpoint that unethical negotiation behavior is both inevitable and uniformly harmful. It also impedes progress in both the negotiation and the behavioral ethics literatures and limits our field's ability to train ethical negotiators. As a step toward refreshing the field's perspective on the causes and consequences of ethical and unethical negotiation behavior, the current symposium assembles four papers by leading scholars of ethics and negotiation. Collectively, they aim to provide a bird's-eye view on the numerous causes (e.g., moral character, ethical fading, environmental cues) and surprisingly diverse consequences attending ethical and unethical negotiation, both reviewing current knowledge and looking to the future. Overall, we suggest that unethical behavior is not inevitable in negotiation nor necessarily detrimental for either negotiator. Rather, science can reliably anticipate negotiators' ethical choices and the consequences that attend them—and urgently should. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The business scandals of the past several decades have led to the rising importance of ethics as a topic central to management scholarship. Behavioral scientists in particular have been attracted to the topic in far greater numbers, and the study of ethical decision making has emerged as a core subfield (Messick & Tenbrunsel, 1996). This paper draws on that framework and applies it to negotiations, arguing that not all unethical behavior is intentional; rather, negotiators fall prey to bounded ethicality, engaging in behavior that is contradictory to their values without realizing that they are doing so. We further argue that ethical fading—when individuals do not see the ethical implications of the situation or their action—is central to explaining why this occurs. Relying on past empirical research, we identify negotiation cues that have been linked to unethical behavior, and explore how they make a negotiator particularly vulnerable to ethical fading, resulting in subsequent unethical behavior. We discuss several opportunities for future research in the negotiation discipline and other disciplines that draw on motivated social exchange or assume intentionality, and conclude with a call for scholars to define normative standards as they pertain to negotiator ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we discuss the role of moral character in negotiation and identify open questions and promising directions for future scholars to explore. We advance research in this area by introducing a dyadic model of moral character in negotiation that highlights the joint influence of each party's moral character on negotiation attitudes, motives, and behaviors. We discuss the implications of our model and conclude that personality science—especially the study of moral character—has great potential to enhance research and practice in negotiations. Our hope is that this work will accelerate theoretical development and empirical studies that address the question of how moral character influences negotiation processes and outcomes—from pre-negotiation (e.g., planning, selecting negotiating partners) to actual bargaining (e.g., bargaining tactics, concessions) to post-negotiation (e.g., deal implementation, long-term consequences, relationship building and maintenance, reputations)—and provide a springboard for future studies on this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deception pervades our social interactions and can profoundly shape our relational and economic outcomes. This is particularly true in negotiations. We review the extant literature investigating deception in negotiation, challenge prevailing assumptions in this literature, and call for future work to fill fundamental gaps in our understanding of how deception influences intrapersonal, interpersonal, and economic outcomes. Specifically, we challenge empirical and theoretical investigations that have conceptualized deception as an unethical, dichotomous construct (e.g., honest or deceptive) and have studied deception as informational, lies of commission in single-shot experiments with unfamiliar counterparts. We highlight the importance of characterizing deception as a multidimensional construct, and we focus on three dimensions of deception: intentionality (self-interested or prosocial), content (informational or emotional), and activity (omission, commission, or paltering). We introduce the Deception Consequence Model (DCM) to offer a framework and foundation for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The challenge of long-term interaction between humans and robots is still a bottleneck in service robot research. To gain an understanding of sustained relatedness with robots, this study proposes a conceptual framework for bond formation. More specifically, it addresses the dynamics of children bonding with robotic pets as the basis for certain services in healthcare and education. The framework presented herein offers an integrative approach and draws from theoretical models and empirical research in Human Robot Interaction and also from related disciplines that investigate lasting relationships, such as human-animal affiliation and attachment to everyday objects. The research question is how children's relatedness to personified technologies occurs and evolves and what underpinning processes are involved. The subfield of research is child-robot interaction, within the boundaries of social psychology, where the robot is viewed as a social agent, and human-system interaction, where the robot is regarded as an artificial entity. The proposed framework envisions bonding with pet-robots as a socio-affective process towards lasting connectedness and emotional involvement that evolves through three stages: first encounter, short-term interaction and lasting relationship. The stages are characterized by children's behaviors, cognitions and feelings that can be identified, measured and, maybe more importantly, managed. This model aims to integrate fragmentary and heterogeneous knowledge into a new perspective on the impact of robots in close and enduring proximity to children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social psychology findings have fared poorly in multi-site replication attempts. This article considers and evaluates multiple factors that may contribute to such failures, other than the "crisis" assumption that most of the field's published research is so badly flawed that it should be dismissed wholesale. Low engagement by participants may reduce replicability of some findings (while not affecting certain others). Incentives differ between original researchers and replicators. If multi-site replications are indeed biased toward failure, this may have a damaging effect on the field's ability to build correct theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In everyday talk, speakers commonly provide explanations that "make plain" or "make intelligible" prior talk. Little work, however, has examined talk in which speakers offer no explanation for what is being described. We consider talk about "unidentified aerial phenomena" (UAPs) from news media interviews. Interviewees distanced themselves from accountability for explaining UAPs or proposed multiple candidate explanations. Interviewers tabled their own potential explanations. Participants' talk did not "make plain" or "make intelligible" phenomena being discussed. These findings show that explanations are a participants' concern. These interactions allow discussion of topics of broad public interest, thereby "doing news". • In contrast to most everyday talk, there are instances where an absence of any explanation is a key element of descriptions. • In news media interviews, individuals can avoid offering a single definitive explanation of social events. • Interviewees can dodge responsibility, propose candidate options, or go along with an interviewer's explanation. • This talk is not designed to "make plain" or "make intelligible" by explanation the phenomena that are being discussed. • Such talk allows for further ongoing discussion of topics of interest to a broader public, that is it "does news". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Horizontes de Linguística Aplicada is the property of Revista Horizontes de Linguistica Aplicada and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Les enfants et les adolescents ont été particulièrement touchés par les conséquences psychologiques de la crise sanitaire liée à la pandémie de COVID-19. Les confinements successifs, le port du masque, la perte de leurs repères et de leur environnement social habituel à la suite des fermetures des écoles et à l'arrêt des activités extra-scolaires ont été autant d'adversités auxquelles ils ont été confrontés et qui ont fragilisé leurs stratégies de coping et leurs ressources. Dans cet entretien avec Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Olivier Sorel, Juliane Tortes Saint-Jammes et Sandie Meillerais discutent des modifications mises en place dans leur clinique de l'enfant dans le cadre de cette pandémie. Dans un deuxième temps, ils mettent en évidence les modalités de prise en charge spécifiques afin de développer, renforcer ou relancer les ressources des enfants et des adolescents pendant la thérapie au moyen de vignettes cliniques. Enfin, ils abordent la notion même de l'accompagnement clinique, en laissant une grande place à la thérapie EMDR et à une approche centrée sur la famille. Children and adolescents were particularly affected by the psychological consequences of the COVID-19 health crisis. They were faced with multiple stressors such as repeated confinements, the use of masks, the disruption of daily routines, the lack of social interactions following the closure of schools and the cessation of extra-curricular activities. These adversities dramatically weakened their coping strategies and their resources. In this interview with Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Olivier Sorel, Juliane Tortes Saint-Jammes et Sandie Meillerais discuss the changes that have been implemented in their clinical practice for children in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Then, they will also identify, by using clinical examples, the procedures specifically used to develop, reinforce or reactivate the resources of children and adolescents during the therapy. Finally, they address the very notion of clinical support, with an emphasis on EMDR therapy and a family-centered approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leave-taking behaviours habitually occur before separation from social interaction in most human societies. It is thought to be a human universal, providing ritual brackets around interaction. Despite Knapp's claim that leave-taking can tell us a good deal about human interaction, the topic remains critically overlooked from an evolutionary perspective. Cross-species data on leave-taking would be key to unveiling its evolutionary history and its role in sociality, but studies focusing on non-human species are rare. Here, leave-taking is reviewed using an evolutionary approach, pitting it against its symmetrical counterpart, greeting, and emphasising the lacunae in research on leave-taking. It is argued that leave-taking is overdue for serious, empirical attention regarding the ways in which leave-taking could contribute to understanding social evolution. Finally, methods are outlined to operationalise the study of leave-taking and propose the use of "levels of separation" to allow comparison of human and non-human species and to expand research efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite evidence of extensive and growing concern about climate change, citizens remain relatively unlikely to discuss it in everyday conversation, presenting a puzzle to commentators and researchers. Different explanations of climate silence have been suggested, most notably from social psychology and from political economy perspectives, which posit forms of cultural control. However, there is limited evidence about the relational contexts of everyday climate talk and the meanings that people themselves attach to it. In this article, we analyse data from new qualitative research and explore how climate talk is patterned, forms of self-silencing and the meanings attached to climate talk, with reference to its interactional and relational contexts. We argue that social interactional contexts, relational work and mundane forms of practical constraint play an under-investigated yet crucial role in limiting climate talk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY: In this paper, we provide theoretical and practical guidance on experimental design choices when incorporating auditor-client communication in audit research. We structure our discussion around Social Presence Theory, noting how elements of social presence impact theoretical predictions and the related experimental design. We then compare non-interactive, highly controlled paper/computer-based studies with studies that involve automated interaction, interaction with an actor, or interaction between participants. We provide a discussion of best practices and pitfalls related to these different experimental design choices, including theoretical and logistical considerations, as well as recent innovations in this area. While our methodological discussion is nested in auditor-client communication research, these methods and logistical considerations are applicable to most accounting experiments designed to address research questions steeped in social psychology (i.e., contexts of human interaction). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social neuroscience combines tools and perspectives from social psychology and neuroscience to understand how people interact with their social world. Here we discuss a relatively new method—hyperscanning—to study real‐time, interactive social interactions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We highlight three contributions that fMRI hyperscanning makes to the study of the social mind: (1) Naturalism: it shifts the focus from tightly‐controlled stimuli to more naturalistic social interactions; (2) Multi‐person Dynamics: it shifts the focus from individuals as the unit of analysis to dyads and groups; and (3) Neural Resolution: fMRI hyperscanning captures high‐resolution neural patterns and dynamics across the whole brain, unlike other neuroimaging hyperscanning methods (e.g., electroencephalogram, functional near‐infrared spectroscopy). Finally, we describe the practical considerations and challenges that fMRI hyperscanning researchers must navigate. We hope researchers will harness this powerful new paradigm to address pressing questions in today's society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vilfredo Pareto published his Trattato di sociologia generale in 1916 and in the intervening century it has not achieved any degree of prominence in sociology. Pareto’s problem is that his writings have either been neglected or attacked. The reason for Pareto’s problem is that sociologists have not understood what Pareto set out to achieve. Although he claimed to have written a treatise on general sociology, his sociological ideas differed from most of his contemporaries and many of their successors. While sociologists tend to explain social interactions by focusing on groups, Pareto looked to the individual. While sociologists have sought to explain social interactions by examining the rational foundations for those interactions, Pareto regarded those explanations as nothing more than pseudo justifications. Pareto insisted that people are prompted to act because of their passions and then they provide “rational” explanations to justify them. Pareto’s Trattato is an analysis of human behavior — not sociology as generally accepted, but as a particular type of social psychology. By understanding what Pareto intended to accomplish, perhaps scholars will finally accord Vil fredo Pareto a place in the history of sociology, and thereby solve Pareto’s problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory of socio-cognitive conflict emerges in European Psychology in the 1970s, particularly from the research of the social psychology school of Geneve, that had a strong diffusion in the following years. This theory represents a neo-piagetian critical view of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, in the sense that the attention is focused on the role of peer socio-cognitive interaction (specifically in the social confrontations of different points of view) enhancing cognitive growth. The value of the socio-cognitive conflict promoting cognitive development lies in the decentration effect that it produces. According to this view, disturbance resulting from socio-cognitive conflicts gives way to a superior state of equilibrium. The first part of the article focuses on the theoretical and methodological analysis of the concept. In that way, two periods are distinguished in the evolution of the paradigm attending the inclusion of the communicational analysis of the verbal exchange between subjects. Also, this analysis refers to many confusions and misunderstandings in the larger application of the paradigm to psychology and education. The aim of the second part is to present some experimental illustrations produced by the IRICE (CONICET) research team's work. These illustrations concern three conceptual axes: the application of the paradigm to the development of the formal-logical intelligence, the microanalysis of modalities and types of socio-cognitive conflict, and the extended application of the paradigm to the knowledge learning and conceptual change. The research reported in the first axis concerns the comparison of two experimental conditions: collaborative (dyads) and individual problem solving task (problems of Raven's test), in a sample of 12-13 year old students. The comparison concerns to the performances both in the experimental treatment and in the individual post-test of equivalent problems applied to all participants. Results show, in both cases, the superiority of the collective condition. The second axis focuses on some studies concerning the modalities and types of socio-cognitive conflicts. Particularly, a system of categories for the analysis of the social behavior of children of different ages (4, 8 and 12 years old) in a block construction task (to build a house) is reported. This system differentiates many kinds of interactional behavior: dissociation, dominance-submission (both lower social coordination), cooperation (implicit and explicit) and collaboration (these three are modalities of higher social coordination). The third axis examines some illustrations referring to the extension of paradigm to the epistemic learning. After some references to the difficulty of this extension to the educational settings, two studies are reported. The first one concerns an experimental comparison between a collaborative learning condition (dyads) and an individual learning condition in university students of Psychology and Physics. Also, two kinds of collaborative learning are considered, one that assures alternating of participation, the incentive of argumentation and the reciprocal evaluation (in other words, the promotion of the socio-cognitive conflict), and one that is carried out without any intervention (spontaneous collaborative learning). Results show the superiority of the promoting socio-cognitive conflict condition upon the others, both in a written production and in individual learning post-tests. In a second research the comparison is between three instructional modalities to teach an epistemic topic: expositive, participative (with teacher's scaffolding) and collaborative (only peers), in students of the first grade of secondary education (13 years old), in samples taken from two schools. Results for individual learning show that there are not great differences between the three modalities when the initial level (pre-test) of cognitive competence is high, but not if the cognitive level is low; here the collaborative condition (without scaffolding) has many difficulties. Finally, the article presents some general conclusions specifically concerning the socio-cognitive conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to give the reader an overview of several theoretical, empirical, and clinical features of survivor guilt, and to integrate recent contributions of psychodynamic theory and, in particular, of control-mastery theory into the understanding of the concept alongside the latest findings in social psychology about it. After introducing the concept of survivor guilt and its origins in clinical observations on the consequences of having survived severe traumas (e.g., internment in concentration camps), we will discuss the findings in social psychology on the concept of survivor guilt in everyday social interactions, which is based on a conception that does not connect it strictly to severe traumas. We will then focus our attention on clinical observations and empirical research studies about survivor guilt, discussing the hypotheses developed by several control-mastery theorists about its role in psychopathology. Finally, we will illustrate some manifestations of survivor guilt with a brief clinical vignette. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais is the property of Centro de Estudos Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Positive contact between members of different groups reduces prejudice and increases cooperation, findings known as intergroup contact effects. Yet in real-world settings not only positive, but also negative intergroup contact occurs, which have opposing effects. To date little is known about whether and how an individual's valenced history of intergroup contact influences contact effects and how this dynamic change happens during specific instances of intergroup contact. A pilot study examined the psychological impact of a novel paradigm to assess intergroup contact using a behavioral game. We then conducted two studies, which allowed us to observe a sequence of up to 23 in- and outgroup interactions and their behavioral outcomes in a continuous prisoner's dilemma behavioral game (N = 116, 2,668 interactions; N = 89, 1,513 interactions). As expected, participants showed a clear ingroup bias in expectations and cooperation. Furthermore, the quality of contact history moderated contact effects. Specifically, intergroup contact following a positive history of intergroup contact had a stronger effect on intergroup expectations than contact following a negative history thereof. Findings are discussed in view of the importance of considering the valenced history of intergroup contact, as well as new research questions on intergroup contact that can be addressed with this novel contact paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arcadian Theatre is a concept for performance practice that uses fictional scenarios to engage participants in autotelic play that facilitates intercultural (interepistemological) dialogue. In so doing, the performance models of Arcadian Theatre enable the cultivation of interaction and social coevolution. Drawing on theories of theatre and scenography, theory of models, philosophy (speech act theory), anthropology and social psychology, the article proposes the use of scenographic environments with its created and curated spaces and performance objects to create performative models and physical fictions capable of engendering novel ecologies with their autonomous epistemologies and ethics that build on the affordances of the spaces, objects and social behaviours within the fictional worlds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the social lives of maps, emphasizing their complex biographical existence and human interactions with them.

Copyright of Social Psychology / Psihologie Socială is the property of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In intimate relationships, greater social approach motivation is associated with a host of personal and relational benefits. Why is this the case? Although previous research suggests approach motivation primarily influences relational outcomes via increased exposure to positive relational events, in this research, based on approach–avoidance motivational theory, we revive the upward reactivity hypothesis, which suggests approach motivation upwardly enhances people's affective and relational experiences in response to positive social events. Specifically, we hypothesized that people with greater social approach motivation would react more positively to positively valenced interactions with their partner, and that this would occur even when accounting for their global levels of key outcomes. We tested these ideas across three studies. In all three studies, couples first reported their approach motivation toward the relationship, then engaged in a gratitude interaction. In Study 3, participants additionally engaged in a capitalization interaction, and provided nightly reports of positive relational events across the course of 14 days. We found robust support for the upward reactivity hypothesis: In lab-based interactions and in daily life, individuals with greater approach motivation reported enhanced outcomes in response to positive social events. We also found support for upward observability: When individuals were high in approach motivation, their partners observed them as experiencing greater positive emotion during the laboratory interactions. Moreover, we found evidence for upward crossover, as the upward reactivity experienced by people with greater approach motivation indirectly predicted enhanced partner outcomes. These results provide suggestive evidence that approach motivation can make already good relational moments extra sweet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]