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Slums are among the most deprived communities in society. They live in insubstantial houses on insecure land. Their houses generally have no proper system of sanitation and no clean drinking water. My study explores under which socio-political conditions slum dwellers are living. In this research quantitative approach was used with close ended questions. Two communities were selected i-e Bhutto colony and juggie community. SPSS17 was used for the interpretation of this data. The data was analyzed by using crosstabulation. This research will be useful for the developmental and policy-making departments of government, NGOs, and academia. It will provide original findings and promote further research an important area as slum communities represent a sizable number of voting constituents, typically marginalized by political agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper would discuss freedom of expression and restrictions on the freedom with particular reference to the provisions of International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the „Justiciability Doctrine" as enshrined in the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR). The question whether the freedom of expression claims are justiciable or not, in third world countries like Pakistan and how it helps in the advancement of rule of law and good governance would be explored. The focus would be on the cultural relativism narrative developed ever since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The claims of „Universalism" associated with human rights especially freedom of expression would be criticized with respect to the Margin of Appreciation Doctrine as reflected in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and adopted in other jurisdictions. Freedom of expression and the rights of minorities in Pakistan would be discussed with a special mention of proselytization and forced conversions. Lastly, the role of legislation and judiciary in Pakistan for the protection and advancement of the freedom of expression guarantee would be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]