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To investigate the effect one of the oil products, domestic heating oil (DHO), on freshwater mollusks, Unio tigridis and Viviparous bengalensis were exposed to three DHO concentrations for each species (5.8, 8.7, and 17.4 ml L -1 for mussels; 6.5, 9.7, and 19.5 mlL -1 for snails, respectively). Antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase), malondialdehyde, acetylcholinesterase and DNA damage in both species tissues were monitored over 21 days. The results showed that both antioxidant enzymes concentration (SOD and CAT) increased in the lowest DHO concentrations (5.8, and 8.7 ml L -1 ), and then decreased in the highest concentration (17.4 ml L -1 ) as the same pattern for Unio tigridis, but this not occurred for Viviparous bengalensis. MDA values recorded significantly increased compared to control. No reduction was observed in AChE concentrations in soft tissues of both mollusks may due to that DHO was a non-neurotoxicant to Unio tigridis and Viviparous bengalensis. The results of DNA damage parameters were showed significant differences (p≤ 0.05) between control and DHO concentrations except lowest concentration for each parameter measured in digestive gland of Unio tigridis. As well as, these significant differences were recorded between control and three concentrations of DHO exposure for comet length, and tail length parameters, and between control and highest oil concentration for tail moment in Viviparous bengalensis. DHO has the ability to prevent the reproduction of Viviparous bengalensis snail relation to control, that is what we considered strong evidence of the toxicity properties of DHO on the reproductive status of this species of snails. SOD, CAT, and MDA were useful biomarkers for evaluating the toxicity of DHO in mussel and snails, and comet assay was a good tool to assess the potential genotoxicity of DHO., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on soft tissues of mollusks, Unio tigridis and Viviparous benglensis, have not been studied for biochemical and molecular traits. Therefore, the changes of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)), malondialdehyde (MDA), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and DNA damage in these mollusks were assessed during 21-day exposure to three concentrations of CPF. The results showed that SOD and CAT enzymes in the two mollusk species decreased with highest CPF concentration, while MDA significantly increased with highest CPF concentration. AChE concentrations also showed a clear reduction in soft tissues of both mollusks. DNA damage parameters showed significant differences between controls and three CPF concentrations for each parameter measured in the digestive gland of U. tigridis; and for V. bengalensis significant differences were observed between controls and highest two concentrations of CPF for comet length and tail length. CPF has the ability to prevent reproduction status for the snail V. bengalensis compared to the controls. In this study, we can conclude from the significant changes occurring in the concentrations of CAT, SOD, MDA, AChE, and DNA damage that the concentrations of these biomolecules in the soft tissues of the mussel and snail can be considered suitable biomarkers for a sublethal exposure and/or effects of CPF at the tested concentrations, and we can then use it in biomonitoring of water bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]