Search

Objective: Examine receptivity and motivation to use/quit tobacco among college students after viewing Truth ads. Participants: Random sample of 10,000 college students invited to complete online survey February 2016 (8.5% response rate). Methods: Quasi-experimental. Participants (N = 854) watched four ads and answered survey items for each ad. Results: Students rated ad receptivity and decreased motivation to use tobacco higher for the Catmageddon ad than the others. Regardless of ad, men and current cigarette smokers reported lower receptivity. Younger age was associated with lower motivation to use tobacco for all ads. Tobacco users reported greater motivation to quit with the Catmageddon ad. Conclusions: College students were receptive to the Truth ads, and many indicated lower motivation to use tobacco. Men, older college students, and current cigarette smokers were less receptive to the ads, reinforcing the need to develop tailored campaigns to reach these subgroups.

Background: Despite years of reducing tobacco use, few studies describe to what extent evidence-based tobacco-cessation interventions are a standard of acute and critical care nursing practice using the US Public Health Service 5 A's framework: ask, advise, assess, assist, and arrange., Objectives: To identify relationships between the 5 A's framework, attributes of individual and organizational excellence, and intention to integrate tobacco-cessation interventions as a standard of daily practice among nurses., Methods: Nurses attending the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses National Teaching Institute were invited to complete a 21-item survey. Data were gathered in Boston, Orlando, and Chicago in a 3-year period. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for data analysis., Results: Among 1773 completed surveys, nurses from organizations with standing orders for tobacco dependence were 5 times more likely to have high confidence in their 5 A's skills (odds ratio, 5.037; 95% CI, 3.429-7.400; P < .001) and 3.4 times more likely to have high intentions to integrate tobacco cessation into their daily practice (odds ratio, 3.421; 95% CI, 1.765-6.628; P < .001). Nurses with certifications were more likely to want to learn how to integrate tobacco-cessation interventions (odds ratio, 1.676; 95% CI, 0.990-2.836; P = .05)., Conclusions: Opportunities abound to create strategies leveraging attributes of nursing and organizational excellence to promote evidence-based approaches to improve health outcomes in acutely and critically ill tobacco-dependent populations., (©2016 American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.)

Objective: Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death, resulting in 443,000 US deaths per year. Rural adults have higher smoking prevalence and less access to tobacco dependence treatment than their urban counterparts. This study examined exposure to a culturally specific smoking cessation outreach intervention, assessing whether exposure was associated with cessation behaviors., Design and Sample: Post-test only quasi-experimental study. Targeted adult smokers (N = 251) living in a rural, economically distressed southeastern US county for at least 6 months., Measurements: Five outreach elements (brochures/pushcards, posters, print and radio advertisements, quilt made by local artisans) based on themes from focus groups with current and former smokers and paired with brief tobacco cessation counseling, and were delivered over 6 months in 2009-2010. Exposure and cessation behavior indicators were collected via cross-sectional random-digit dial survey. The total intervention exposure score was 4.8 (SD = 4.3, range 0-19)., Results: Intervention exposure was associated with having talked to a health care provider about quitting smoking in the past 6 months and planning to quit smoking in the next 6 months., Conclusions: Culturally specific outreach materials based on personal narratives are a promising population-based intervention to motivate rural smokers to consider cessation., (© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Little is known about the most effective strategies to motivate rural smokers to quit. This article describes the personal narratives of current and former smokers living in an economically distressed, rural area of Appalachian Kentucky. Three categories emerged: personal motivators to quit smoking, external influences, pride of place. Capturing personal narratives represents an evidence-based, data-rich strategy for development of culturally sensitive, population-based interventions for rural smokers. Such strategies may be effective in reaching rural smokers and motivating them to quit, thereby reducing tobacco-related disease and premature death in rural, economically distressed communities., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Despite a strong stance by the American College Health Association and years of prevention and control efforts on US college campuses, smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke remain a problem among college students. This article provides an overview of what is known about cigarette smoking in this population as well as existing interventions for smoking prevention, cessation, and exposure to secondhand smoke on college campuses. Strategies to reduce tobacco use are presented, many of which have been demonstrated to be effective in the short-term., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to motivation to quit among smoking family members of lung cancer patients., Design and Sample: Relatives of multidisciplinary lung cancer clinic patients were recruited during family members' treatment. Participants (N=29) were primarily female and Caucasian., Measures: The items assessed included the effect of their relative's disease on motivation to quit, intent to quit in the next 6 months, stage of change, perceived risk from smoking, and attitudes about being approached about cessation., Results: Most indicated that their relative's disease had increased motivation to quit smoking (71%); 72% planned to quit within 6 months. One fourth (28%) were in precontemplation stage of change; 65% in contemplation; and 7% in preparation. The average perceived risk of developing lung cancer was 6.3. Two thirds were glad or very glad that someone had talked with them about quitting; 91% thought it was somewhat or very appropriate to talk about cessation with family members of lung cancer patients. Motivation to quit smoking was positively correlated with stage of change and perceived lung cancer risk., Conclusions: Public health nurses who interact with families of lung cancer patients may be able to promote cessation in an at-risk group that is motivated to quit smoking., (© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. Nurses are effective interventionists for tobacco dependence treatment but lack the related education. This quasi-experimental study evaluated the impact of the Rx for Change: Clinician-Assisted Tobacco Cessation curriculum on baccalaureate nursing students' perceived knowledge, confidence, skills, and opinions related to tobacco dependence treatment. Cohort 1 completed a process evaluation to assess acceptability of the pretraining survey and intervention. Cohort 2 completed pretraining and posttraining surveys. A subsample received a 2-hour intervention, whereas other participants received 6 hours of training. Cohort 1 rated the pretraining survey instrument favorably. In cohort 2, the Rx for Change program had a positive impact on perceived knowledge, confidence, skills, and opinions. Outcomes did not differ based on duration of intervention or students' smoking status. Further research related to standardized content for tobacco dependence treatment is indicated.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess attitudes and behaviors related to smoke-free policy among undergraduate student alcohol drinkers on a campus in a community with smoke-free bars. Design and Sample This was a secondary data analysis of a study in which participants completed mailed surveys assessing demographic characteristics, attitudes and behaviors related to alcohol and tobacco use and smoke-free policy ( n = 337). Opinion and behavior items were summarized descriptively; associations were examined using Kruskal Wallis tests and chi-square tests of association. Logistic regression tested for predictors of importance of smoke-free policy. Results Respondents were predominantly female and Caucasian; mean age 20.3 years. One fourth were current smokers. Seventy-nine percent said the community smoke-free law had no effect on frequency of visiting bars. Eighty-seven percent said smoke-free policy in campus buildings was 'somewhat' or 'very important.' Predictors of perceived importance of smoke-free policy included gender and smoking status. Conclusions Most smokers in this sample did not experience a change in their motivation to quit smoking or in number of cigarettes smoked daily. Implementation of a community smoke-free law did not reduce the likelihood of visiting bars. Women and nonsmokers were more likely to rate smoke-free campus policy as very important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This randomized, controlled trial tested the effect of a telephone survey on tobacco quit rates among Quit and Win Contest registrants. Participants in a 2005 Quit and Win Contest in Kentucky were eligible for the research study (N = 70). Baseline demographics, tobacco use and quit history were collected on entry. Participants willing to participate in the efficacy study were randomly assigned to the treatment (n=16) or control (n=18) group. The treatment group received one phone survey to assess tobacco use, quit patterns, secondhand smoke exposure, stage of change, readiness to quit, and mental health indicators during the 30-day Contest quit period and a second survey two months after the contest. The control group received only the post-Contest phone survey. Although those in the treatment group were more likely to be exposed to secondhand smoke in the home at baseline (x2 = 4.7, p = . 03), they were more likely to have quit smoking (x2 = 4.1, p = . 04) and be further along the stage of change (U = 5.7, p = .02) at two months post-Contest, compared with controls. Assessment of smoking history and current tobacco use during the 30-day Contest quit period may provide additional motivation to remain abstinent for as long as two months post-contest. The Contest format may be enhanced by including an assessment phone contact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Medicaid recipients are vulnerable to increased morbidity and mortality secondary to high tobacco use prevalence and barriers to accessing tobacco treatment. The purpose of the pilot study was to explore managed care administrators' perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to tobacco treatment for Medicaid recipients.Methods: Focus groups with key informants (n = 14) from managed care organizations were conducted in fall 2018. Participants included case, integrated care, quality and field care managers, and individuals working in provider and network relations.Results: Facilitators to tobacco treatment were universal quality reporting requirements, access to medications, and the role of case management in identifying and engaging tobacco users in treatment. Barriers included bias regarding smokers' ability to quit, communication challenges, and competing priorities.Conclusions: The analysis provided data to support the development of a policy brief and recommendations to the Department for Medicaid Services for enhancing tobacco dependence treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]