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Results are presented from studies of the reasons for the formation and growth of slag crusts in the crucibles of induction furnaces during the smelting of cast iron. It is established that crust formation and adhesion of slag to the furnace lining are caused by interaction of the lining material with reactants in the melt. The degree of slag incrustation and adhesion depends on the technology used to smelt the cast iron. The formation of slag in the furnace is affected by the existence of large temperature gradients, motion of the melt due to its electromagnetic mixing, the scheduled and unscheduled introduction of additions into the furnace, the entry of harmful components into the furnace together with the charge materials, interactions between the melt, the slag, the furnace atmosphere, and the lining of the crucible, the temperature in the furnace, and the area and rate of reaction of the reactants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The smelting of charges with a high content of iron-bearing wastes in a blast furnace runs the risk of forming slag crusts in the furnace due to the wastes' high zinc content. A technology for restoring the original profile of the furnace has been developed and is being successfully used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]