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Aims: Nocturia, due to nocturnal polyuria and other conditions associated with nocturnal voiding, affects sleep quality and daytime quality of life (QOL). We aimed to investigate the relationship among nocturia, sleep quality, and daytime QOL in a young Japanese population., Methods: This epidemiological study analyzed data from a retrospective data set containing sleep data from wearable devices worn by 9446 Japanese users and a prospective data set containing answers to a 10-item questionnaire completed by a subset of 605 users in the retrospective dataset. We recorded the first uninterrupted sleep period (FUSP), total sleep time (TST), number of nocturnal voids, sleep quality, daytime QOL, bothering nocturnal voids, and early wake-ups in the morning., Results: The subjects were 18-65 years old. The mean TST was 6.7 ± 0.9 h, and the mean number of wake-ups was 2.11 ± 1.1. FUSP and TST decreased (from 334 ± 114 to 173 ± 74 min and 5.9 ± 1.0 to 5.5 ± 1.0 h, respectively) with an increasing number of nocturnal voids, and the change was statistically significant. Logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between nocturia and FUSP and the number of wake-ups., Conclusion: Nocturia has close relationships with FUSP and the number of wake-ups and can result in decreased daytime QOL in young Japanese people., (© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

We investigated the influence of nocturia and sleep disturbance on health-related quality of life(HRQOL) using the Medical Outcomes Study 8-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-8) in patients with nocturia. We also assessed the effect of therapeutic intervention by means of an anticholinergic agent on the results of the SF-8. One hundred and eighty-four patients who voided at least once per night were surveyed using the SF-8, Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). These parameters were also evaluated before and after 12 weeks of imidafenacin treatment in 51 patients with OAB accompanied by nocturia. The SF-8 physical component summary score (PCS) showed a significant decrease as nighttime voiding frequency increased. The mental health component summary score was 47.1 and 47.6 (which were lower than the standard value of 50) in the group with a nighttime frequency of once and ≥3/night, respectively. The SF-8 PCS and 6 subscales were negatively associated with nighttime voiding frequency, while the PSQI global score was positively associated with it. Imidafenacin significantly improved the OABSS, PSQI, and ESS, as well as the SF-8 score. This is the first study using the SF-8 to show that nocturia and sleep disturbance have a major influence on comprehensive HRQOL and that the SF-8 can be used to monitor HRQOL in OAB patients receiving treatment for nocturia.

Objective: The aim of the present school-based questionnaire was to analyze the sleep problems of children with developmental disorders, such as pervasive developmental disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder., Methods: The sleep problems of 43 children with developmental disorders were compared with those of 372 healthy children (control group). All children attended one public elementary school in Kurume, Japan; thus, the study avoided the potential bias associated with hospital-based surveys (i.e. a high prevalence of sleep disturbance) and provided a more complete picture of the children's academic performance and family situation compared with a control group under identical conditions. Children's sleep problems were measured with the Japanese version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ)., Results: Children with developmental disorders had significantly higher total CSHQ scores, as well as mean scores on the parasomnias and sleep breathing subscales, than children in the control group. The total CSHQ score, bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, and daytime sleepiness worsened with increasing age in children with developmental disorders; in contrast, these parameters were unchanged or became better with age in the control group. In children with developmental disorders, there was a significant association between a higher total CSHQ score and lower academic performance, but no such association was found in the control group. For both groups, children's sleep problems affected their parents' quality of sleep. There were no significant differences in physical, lifestyle, and sleep environmental factors, or in sleep/wake patterns, between the two groups., Conclusions: Children with developmental disorders have poor sleep quality, which may affect academic performance. It is important for physicians to be aware of age-related differences in sleep problems in children with developmental disorders. Further studies are needed to identify the association between sleep quality and school behavioral performance., (Copyright © 2012 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objective: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may experience depression and sleep disorders, which can adversely affect their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of this study was to investigate depression and sleep disorders among 85 COPD patients and 46 control subjects, aged 40 years and over., Methods: Patients underwent spirometry and arterial blood gas analysis, self-completed St. George's respiratory questionnaire and were assessed on the center for epidemiologic studies depression (CES-D) and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). The frequency of exacerbations among COPD patients was prospectively monitored for 12 months., Results: The prevalence of depression and sleep disorders was significantly higher among COPD patients than control subjects. The relative risks (95% confidence interval) of depression and sleep disorders were 7.58 (1.03 to 55.8) and 1.82 (1.03 to 3.22), respectively, in COPD patients compared with control subjects. Among COPD patients, there was a correlation between CES-D and PSQI. Lower body mass index, more severe dyspnoea, poorer HRQOL, lower partial pressure of arterial oxygen and higher partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide were significantly associated with the incidence of depression and sleep disorders. Exacerbations and hospitalizations were more frequent among COPD patients with depression than those with sleep disorders alone or those without depression or sleep disorders., Conclusions: Depression and sleep disorders are very common co-morbidities among COPD patients and significantly reduce activities and HRQOL among these patients. Depression, but not sleep disorder, is an independent risk factor for exacerbations and hospitalization among COPD patients., (© 2012 The Authors. Respirology © 2012 Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.)

Background: Laboratory sleep studies in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have not provided consistent evidence of sleep disturbance, despite apparent sleep complaints. Most of these studies have investigated middle-aged chronic PTSD subjects with a high prevalence of comorbidities such as substance dependence and/or personality disorder., Methods: Ten young adult PTSD patients (aged 23.4 +/- 6.1 years) without comorbidities of substance dependence and/or personality disorder underwent 2-night polysomnographic recordings. These sleep measures were compared with those of normal control subjects and were correlated with PTSD symptoms., Results: Posttraumatic stress disorder patients demonstrated significantly poorer sleep, reduced sleep efficiency caused by increased wake time after sleep onset, and increased awakening from rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (REM interruption). We found significant positive correlations between the severity of trauma-related nightmare complaints and the percentage of REM interruption, as well as wake time after sleep onset., Conclusions: The results indicate that trauma-related nightmares are an important factor resulting in increased REM interruptions and wake time after sleep onset in PTSD.

The therapeutic effect of methylcobalamin (Met-12) on sleep-wake rhythm disorders was examined in a double-blind test. In the test group which was given a large dosage, a higher percentage of improvement was found compared to the control group with a small dosage, although the difference was not significant. The test group inconsistently showed significant improvement in both the sleep-wake cycle parameters and in clinical symptoms. The tendency was for the results to show a beneficial effect of Met-12 on rhythm disorders. However, because the percentage of improvement was low and significant improvement was inconsistent, Met-12 might be considered to have a low therapeutic potency and possible use as a booster for other treatment methods of the disorders.