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Introduction: We aimed to explore the association between night sleep duration and ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) among Chinese rural population. Methods: In all, 35,094 participants were included from the Henan Rural Cohort study. Information on sleep was collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The ICH scores were evaluated. The associations between night sleep duration and ICH were examined using both linear regression and logistic regression models. Results: The mean night sleep duration for all participants was 7.75 ± 1.28 h. Compared with those with night sleep duration of 7 to <9 h by using linear regression model, a significant decrease in ICH scores was observed for participants with shorter [-0.077 (-0.131, -0.024)] and longer [-0.079 (-0.121, -0.036)] night sleep duration. Compared with 7 to <9 h, longer sleep duration [0.919 (0.851, 0.992)] were associated with decreased odds of ideal CVH. Conclusions: Shorter and longer night sleep duration are negatively associated with ICH among rural population. This suggests that it may be beneficial to include night sleep duration assessment in cardiovascular risk screening., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Wu, Liu, Liao, Kang, Sang, Abdulai, Zhai, Wang, Wang and Li.)

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the independent and combined dose-response association of napping and night sleep duration with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among different genders in the rural Chinese population., Methods: For this research, a total of 19,257 participants were enrolled in the Rural Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (RuralDiab) study. Napping and night sleep duration were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Restricted cubic splines and logistic regression were used to estimate the relationship between napping and night sleep duration with T2DM., Results: A linear dose-response relationship between napping duration and T2DM as well as a U-shaped relationship between night sleep duration and T2DM were found. Compared with those who reported no napping, participants who had a napping duration of ≥91 min were associated with a 19% increase in prevalence of T2DM. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) for T2DM were 1.48 (1.03, 2.14) and 1.50 (1.22, 1.85) for shorter (≤5 h) and longer (>9 h) night sleep duration compared with the referential group. Additionally, the combination of longer napping duration (≥91 min) and night sleep duration (>9 h) increased 104% (95% CI: 45%, 128%) prevalence for T2DM. These associations were not found in males but were evident in females., Conclusions: Longer napping duration and extreme night sleep duration increased the prevalence of T2DM. Meanwhile, longer napping and night sleep duration might be jointly associated with a higher prevalence of T2DM., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: The consistency and strength of the relationship between napping duration and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remained uncertain, especially in the rural population. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between napping duration and T2DM in a Chinese rural population., Methods: A total of 12663 participants (4365 males and 8298 females) were derived from the RuralDiab study in China. Napping duration was obtained through a standardized questionnaire, and was divided into five categories: no napping (reference), 1∼, 31∼, 61∼, and ≥91 min. Fasting blood glucose was measured. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A meta-analysis including seven studies was conducted to validate the result of the RuralDiab study., Results: The crude and age-standardized prevalence of T2DM were 10.31% and 8.14%, respectively. Compared with no napping, the adjusted OR (95%CI) for napping duration ≥91 min was 1.23 (1.05-1.45). A similar relationship was found only in females aged 45-54 years, but not in males and other age group females. In addition, napping duration was associated with T2DM in a positive dose-dependent manner among females aged 45-54 years (P for trend <0.05). The meta-analysis demonstrated this association, and the pooled OR (95%CI) for the longest napping duration compared with no napping was 1.28 (1.22-1.35)., Conclusion: Longer napping duration is associated with higher risk of T2DM in the Chinese rural population, and this association varies across gender and age. Further multi-center prospective researches are needed to confirm the relationship and reveal underlying mechanisms., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

High sleep quality promotes efficient performance in the following day. Sleep quality is influenced by environmental factors, such as temperature, light, sound and smell. Here, we investigated whether differences in the interface pressure distribution on healthy individuals during sleep influenced sleep quality. We defined four types of pressure models by differences in the area distribution and the subjective feelings that occurred when participants slept on the mattresses. One type of model was showed "over-concentrated" distribution of pressure; one was displayed "over-evenly" distributed interface pressure while the other two models were displayed intermediate distribution of pressure. A polysomnography analysis demonstrated an increase in duration and proportion of non-rapid-eye-movement sleep stages 3 and 4, as well as decreased number of micro-arousals, in subjects sleeping on models with pressure intermediately distributed compared to models with over-concentrated or over-even distribution of pressure. Similarly, higher scores of self-reported sleep quality were obtained in subjects sleeping on the two models with intermediate pressure distribution. Thus, pressure distribution, at least to some degree, influences sleep quality and self-reported feelings of sleep-related events, though the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The regulation of pressure models imposed by external sleep environment may be a new direction for improving sleep quality. Only an appropriate interface pressure distribution is beneficial for improving sleep quality, over-concentrated or -even distribution of pressure do not help for good sleep.

Background: The study aimed to investigate the independent and combined effects of midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in areas with limited resources.Methods: A total of 37,276 participants (14,456 men and 22,820 women) were derived from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Sleep information was assessed based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to estimate the relationship of the midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration with T2DM.Results: Of the 37,276 included participants, 3580 subjects suffered from T2DM. The mean midpoint of sleep among the Early, Intermediate and Late groups were 1:05 AM ±23 min, 1:56 AM ±14 min, and 2:57 AM ±34 min, respectively. Compared to the Intermediate group, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of T2DM were 1.13 (1.04-1.22) and 1.14 (1.03-1.26) in the Early group and the Late group. Adjusted OR (95% CI) for T2DM compared with the reference (7- h) was 1.28 (1.08-1.51) for longer (≥ 10 h) night sleep duration. The combination of late midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration (≥ 9 h) increased 38% (95% CI 10-74%) prevalence of T2DM. These associations were more obvious in women than men.Conclusions: Late and early midpoint of sleep and long night sleep duration were all associated with higher prevalence of T2DM. Meanwhile, midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration might have combined effects on the prevalence of T2DM, which provided potential health implications for T2DM prevention, especially in rural women.Trial Registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699 ). Date of registration: 2015-07-06. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the independent and combined effects of night sleep duration and sleep quality on depressive symptoms.Methods: A total of 28,202 participants (11,236 males and 16,966 females) aged 18-79 years from the Henan Rural Cohort were included in this study. Night sleep duration and sleep quality were defined by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were applied to evaluate the association of night sleep duration and sleep quality with depressive symptoms.Results: A U-shaped dose-response relationship between night sleep duration and depressive symptoms along with a J-shaped relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms were observed. Compared with reference group (7-<8 h), shorter sleep duration (<6 h) and longer sleep duration (≥10 h) were associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms in males (short sleep: Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.84, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.34-2.52; long sleep: OR = 1.56, 95% CI, 1.01-2.42) and females (short sleep: OR = 2.19, 95% CI, 1.77-2.70; long sleep: OR = 1.51, 95% CI, 1.10-2.10). Compared with good sleepers, poor sleepers had 4.23-fold (95% CI:3.54-5.06) and 3.87-fold (95% CI: 3.41-4.40) increased odds of depressive symptoms in males and females. Furthermore, participants with longer night sleep duration (≥10 h) and poorer sleep quality had the strongest effect on depressive symptoms (males: OR = 6.64, 95% CI, 3.21-13.74; females: OR = 7.76, 95% CI, 5.00-12.02).Conclusions: Extreme night sleep duration and poor sleep quality were independently and combinedly related to elevated depressive symptoms, suggesting that keeping optimal night sleep duration and good sleep quality maybe benefit for maintaining mental health.Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Register. Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The study was conducted to evaluate the independent dose-response of the night sleep duration and sleep initiation time on hypertension, and to explore their combined effect with hypertension. Methods Participants from the Henan Rural Cohort were enrolled in this study. Information on sleep was collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or self-reported hypertension and current use of anti-hypertensive medicines. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline were conducted to evaluate the association of night sleep duration and sleep initiation time with hypertension. Results Of the 37 317 included participants, 12 333 suffered from hypertension. 14 474 (38.79%) were men and 22 843 (61.21%) were women, the mean age were 57.18 ± 12.10 and 55.24 ± 11.98 in men and women. Compared to reference (7–h), fully adjusted odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of hypertension were 0.91 (0.66–1.25) in <5 h group and 1.74 (1.41–2.16) in ≥10 h among men, respectively. Fully adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for hypertension compared with reference (21:00–22:00) were 1.05 (95% CI 0.78–1.41) in the <20:00 group, 1.52 (1.25–1.85) in ≥24:00 in men. The combined effect of sleep duration and sleep initiation time on hypertension were statistically significant in the category of (≥8 h)/night and ≥24:00 (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.07–3.25) compared to reference in fully adjusted model among men. Conclusions Long night sleep duration and late sleep initiation time were associated with the higher odds of hypertension, and the sleep duration and sleep initiation time might cumulatively increase the prevalence of hypertension in men. Clinical trial registration The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx? proj=11375. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and identify related factors by gender in the Chinese rural population.Methods: Overall, 27424 subjects (10881 males and 16543 females) aged 18-79 years were enrolled from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Sleep quality was evaluated by the standard Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and global score>5 was classified as poor sleep quality. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A meta-analysis including 14 studies was used to validate the result of the cross-sectional study.Results: The average PSQI score was 3.78 ± 2.72 in total, and the score of females (4.10 ± 2.90) was significantly higher than males (3.29 ± 2.33). The crude and age-standardized prevalences of poor sleep quality were 21.62% and 15.80%, respectively. The crude prevalence in females (25.73%) was significantly higher than males (15.38%). The results of meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality was 25.0% (18.8%-31.2%) in total sample, 31.7% (24.9%-38.5%) in male, and 38.2% (29.7%-46.7%) in females. Multivariate logistic regression identified that older age, being female, unmarried/divorced/widowed, low education level, low income, drinking, depression and dyslipidemia could increase the odds of poor sleep quality.Conclusions: More than one fifth of the participants in a rural area of China slept poorly and the prevalence in females was significantly higher than males. Effective interventions are urgently needed to improve the sleep quality in resource limited areas.Clinical Trial Registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]