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In this paper, a new circuit model is proposed to simulate plasma-induced damage (PID). It includes the two sheaths of the plasma, the blocking capacitor, and the RF power source coupled with the victim device. As a result, this model accounts for both the ac behavior of the plasma and the local voltage imbalance induced by differences in shading factors. The advantage of this approach, compared with the previous works, is that it can yield the waveform impinged by the plasma on the transistor gate, which is known to influence the amount of reliability degradation experienced by the device. Finally, this model is also utilized to elucidate the impact of a parasitic capacitance connected to the transistor gate on the extent of the PID inflicted on the victim device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Terahertz (THz) absorbers due to the high potential of providing reliable applications in modern devices and technology are increasingly being investigated. Recently, a dual-band THz absorber based on a graphene sheet and ribbons has been proposed in which the results were obtained using Full-wave simulations and its authors have not provided any specific design method. In this work, we have proposed and investigated that tunable THz absorber by its circuit model. A developed transmission line method beside the analytical circuit model of graphene continues sheet and periodic arrays of graphene ribbons are used to obtain analytical expressions for the circuit model. Here, first of all, we have compared the results of the proposed method with the results of that paper and secondly, using impedance matching concept we have proposed multi-band tunable THz absorber with near-unity absorption by the same structure. Then, we have compared the results of our circuit method with the Full-wave simulations. In either case, our proposed method in addition to excellent performance in terms of runtime and memory sources, has an acceptable agreement with the results of the Full-wave simulations. The proposed method is general and can be applied to design and simulate the other sub-wavelength structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new approach to establish the circuit model of alternating current (AC) plasma anemometer is proposed. Firstly, experimental system is introduced to illustrate the experimental studies. Then all circuit models are built on basis of theoretical and experimental analysis, including the equivalent circuits of the positive column space and the sheath, the circuit models of AC plasma anemometer without airflow and under airflow, parameter matching of the equivalent circuit models without airflow and under airflow. Finally, the circuit models are verified by comparing the simulation currents with experimental currents. The final circuit model takes into account the whole framework of AC plasma anemometer containing the positive column space, the sheath and the diffusion region, which is proved feasible and reliable, and it can provide an effective tool for the future research of AC plasma anemometer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, a simplified lumped element human body, stroked by a lightning touch volage, is designed and analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The extracted results are compared with an electronic circuit simultor validating our numerical method. Moreover, other touch voltage scenarios are investigated, measuring and comparing the current that flows through different body parts. Additionally, the induced current to a human body, being in the vicinity of a lightning stroked object, is accurately calculated through the FDTD algorithm. The inability of the circuit modeler to simulate non-contact configurations proves the necessity of our numerical algorithm, while the possibility of the electric discharge effect is introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An electrical equivalent circuit model of InGaAs/InP uni-travelling carrier photodiode (UTC-PD) is presented. The model is suitable to be built on any electrical circuit simulator to optimize the design parameters of the device. Its performance in terms of bandwidth, linearity, third order inter-modulation distortion and output photo current are investigated. Simulation techniques to measure inter-modulation distortion products and linearity are given in detail. The result obtained by the modeling technique is validated through a comparison with the reported experimental results. It is shown that 3 dB cutoff frequency and output photocurrent can be substantially improved by inserting a small inductance in series with the load together with choosing an optimum absorption layer width in UTC-PD. This technique does not sacrifice the device linearity to a large extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the modeling of a power PiN diode. The focal point basis is the dependence on temperature. The PiN diode remains a difficult device to model mainly during switching transients. An advanced PiN diode temperature-dependent model is developed and implemented in VHDL-AMS. Heterogeneous simulation scheme including the circuit wiring parasitic components, the probe effects and the dependent diode models is successfully simulated using SIMPLORER simulator. Experimental data of several commercial PiN diodes are compared to simulation results at different temperature levels. A good rate of consistency is found. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the progress of the semiconductor industry, the resistive random-access memory (RAM) has drawn increasing attention. The discovery of the memristor has brought much attention to this study. Research has focused on the resistive switching characteristics of different materials and the analysis of resistive switching mechanisms. We discuss the resistive switching mechanisms of different materials in this paper and analyze the differences of those mechanisms from the view point of circuitry to establish their respective circuit models. Finally, simulations are presented. We give the prospect of using different materials in resistive RAM on account of their resistive switching mechanisms, which are applied to explain their resistive switchings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much of the work in the area of surface flashover of the past few decades has been devoted into determining which parameters are important in predicting flashover behavior, and the theoretical understanding involved in the process is not yet mature. In this paper, the flashover performance of the insulator in vacuum was studied in the UV-laser-illuminated case. A testbed comprised of a pulsed high-voltage supply, a vacuum chamber, and an excimer laser was assembled to test the flashover performance under pulsed-voltage and UV-laser irradiation. Two different voltage decrease patterns were measured, implying some underlying information of the flashover mechanism. In addition, a circuit model was used to simplify the surface flashover system, and the simulation results seem pretty good with the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Simple and accurate circuit simulation model for gallium nitride (GaN) power field-effect transistors (FETs) is presented and validated in high-frequency low-voltage synchronous buck (SB) dc-dc power converters. For comparison, simulation results are also presented for the power converter based on silicon power metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)FETs with similar voltage and current ratings. An improvement in power conversion efficiency of more than 4% is reported with GaN power FETs compared to the best commercially available silicon power MOSFETs in a 19 V/1.2 V, 7 W SB dc-dc power converter with excellent load regulation. A temperature- and frequency-dependent power inductor model is also reported and is shown to be necessary in order to accurately model the converter performance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper presents a circuit model of the spark plug in the ignition system for conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI). Based on the spark plug's current discharge channel, the circuit model of the spark plug is established with the parasitic parameters and the air-gap model. The parasitic parameters of the spark plug are extracted with the finite element method, and the air-gap model of the spark plug is analyzed using the electric circuit principles and the air-discharge theory. The simulation and measurement results validate this model. Furthermore, this model confirms that the spark plug discharge is the main conducted EMI source in the ignition system based on simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The transient behaviour of grounding systems subject to lightning strokes may be studied by means of approaches based to simple and approximated circuit models or to the more rigorous electromagnetic field theory. Both philosophies have pros and cons. In the paper a circuit model, developed by the authors in the past years and implemented with modern simulation software, is presented. The model is suitable to describe with sufficient accuracy the behaviour of complex and realistic grounding systems under surge condition, and, in particular, the peculiarity of this model is the inclusion of current controlled voltage sources into the classical RLC circuit, in order to take into account the resistive coupling among the elementary electrodes of a complex grounding system. In order to validate the model and to identify the frequency range of applicability, simulation results have been compared to ones based on electromagnetic field theory available in literature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper, we have explored a simple theoretical input impedance computation technique for the two gap-coupled circular microstrip patch antennas by using circuit theory approach. The frequency characteristics of the input impedance of the two gap-coupled circular microstrip patch antennas with the gap-distance between the feed patch and parasitic patch is analyzed and simulated. The effect of feed location in the feed patch on the input impedance of proposed antenna is also studied. The theoretical results are compared with the simulated results as well as other reported literature. The simulation has been performed by using a method-of-moment based commercially available simulator IE3D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The design of ITER Neutral Beam Injector (NBI) is based on a five-stage electrostatic accelerator, known as Multi-Aperture Multi-Grid (MAMuG) and characterised by an overall acceleration voltage of −1MV. The MAMuG accelerator requires a five-stage power supply system under strict load protection requirements, being subjected in operation to breakdowns. In this paper a circuit model of ITER Neutral Beam Injector power supplies and MAMuG accelerator is illustrated, for the simulation of fast transients related to accelerator breakdowns in particular. Consideration of the high voltage involved and of the complex inductive and capacitive couplings implied careful assessment of stray parameters by calculations with finite element techniques. The circuit model, developed to address a number of design issues requiring simulations at system level, is now ready for use—the optimisation of passive protections being the most significant application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A cascade of resistively loaded etched rings in waveguide is proposed to act as the load in a balanced FMCW reflected power canceller topology using a slotted waveguide array antenna. A synthesis technique using derived equivalent circuit models is presented and tested. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 977–981, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23262 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reviewing experimental results and based on the physical reasoning, we present a basic circuit model for Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), which can simulate different experimental results. Investigation of different results confirms the severe effects of fabrication process (nanotube and contacts) on electronic properties of the MWCNTs. The circuit model has been developed to show the performance improvements of a CNT interconnect when the single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) is replaced by an MWCNT. To calculate the current-voltage characteristic and the switching delay of MWCNTs, we have simulated their DC and AC properties, respectively, using the developed transmission line models. Based on the physical models, the elements of the circuit model can be changed so that the simulation and the practical measurements for an MWCNT can correspond. Switching Delays of the MWCNTs and SWCNTs are calculated and compared for different cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a wide-band experimental, characterization of an on-chip shunt inductor and capacitor (LC) interconnect. (A previous paper by the authors considered the series LC case). In order to capture the effects of patasitic parameters on the wide-band transmission and reflection characteristics of shunt LC interconnects, we propose a generalized frequency-independent circuit model for fast-running simulations. The model is accurate to above its second resonant frequency, with low average simulation errors for both reflection and transmission coefficients compared to the measured two-port S parameters over the frequency range of 1 to 14 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally, in image segmentation or object extraction, the edge image of the target object has a substantial effect on the extraction accuracy. In this paper, we focus on the characteristics of the currents flowing in an electrical circuit and propose a technique to interpolate and enhance the edges of a still image by simulating this circuit behavior and apply this technique to image segmentation. The proposed technique constructs a resistor circuit by mapping the edge intensity of each point in the edge image to a resistance, applies a suitable voltage to this circuit, and determines the distribution of the flowing current. Based on the property that the current concentrates in the path that minimizes the sum of the resistances, the current distribution that was obtained is inversely transformed again into the edge intensities in order to enhance weak edges and interpolate broken edges. In several experiments, the proposed technique produced better results than other edge interpolation and enhancement techniques. And when used with the watershed algorithm, highly accurate segmentation was obtained. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 86(9): 22–33, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.10085 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to obtain high-power handling, dual-mode patch HTS filters have been analyzed through Green's function and desegmentation techniques. A precise circuit model has been obtained and applied to the filter design process, and useful design curves relating filter parameters and physical dimensions of the square patch have been plotted. Several designs have been made using them and then optimized with the Method of Moments in the Spectral Domain. For higher order circuits, staggered coupled-line HTS filters have been considered. The designs have been made using the method of moments to compute the coupling capacitances, and then optimized with the Method of Moments in the Spectral Domain. One dual-mode patch filter and one staggered coupled-line filter have been fabricated on a YBCO film. Measurements agree well with simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]