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Maternal colouration based on carotenoids has been proposed to negatively affect offspring quality in several taxa, since females might trade off their limited carotenoid resources between body colouration and eggs. This study investigated in the ornamental “red cherry” shrimp (Neocaridina davidi) the relationship between maternal colouration and female reproductive performance, as well as offspring quality. Females selected displayed a broad array of body colour, from less coloured to intensely red coloured and were paired with transparent males. The first two spawning events of each female were studied and compared. The number of newly hatched juveniles was associated to maternal weight, but not to maternal colouration. Offspring quality was measured in terms of survival at the end of the 90‐day growth period, weight and length increment for 0–30 days and 30–60 days periods, and protein, lipid and glycogen contents in 30‐day‐old offspring. Yet, neither of these variables was associated to maternal colouration. These results indicate that there is no trade‐off between maternal colouration and offspring quality in this species. Furthermore, no association was found between maternal and offspring colouration, evaluated at a similar age. However, body colouration in 180‐day old females was significantly higher than in 90‐day‐old females, indicating that female colouration is strongly influenced by age.

Background Decapods are an order of crustaceans which includes shrimps, crabs, lobsters and crayfish. They occur worldwide and are of great scientific interest as well as being of ecological and economic importance in fisheries and aquaculture. However, our knowledge of their biology mainly comes from the group which is most closely related to crustaceans – insects. Here we produce a de novo transcriptome database, crustacean annotated transcriptome (CAT) database, spanning multiple tissues and the life stages of seven crustaceans. Description A total of 71 transcriptome assemblies from six decapod species and a stomatopod species, including the coral shrimp Stenopus hispidus, the cherry shrimp Neocaridina davidi, the redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus, the spiny lobster Panulirus ornatus, the red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus, the coconut crab Birgus latro, and the zebra mantis shrimp Lysiosquillina maculata, were generated. Differential gene expression analyses within species were generated as a reference and included in a graphical user interface database at http://cat.sls.cuhk.edu.hk/. Users can carry out gene name searches and also access gene sequences based on a sequence query using the BLAST search function. Conclusions The data generated and deposited in this database offers a valuable resource for the further study of these crustaceans, as well as being of use in aquaculture development.

The relationship between parental mass and female reproductive output, as well as offspring quality, was studied in the red cherry shrimp (Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904)) under controlled laboratory conditions. Adult males and females of the same age were paired combining different shrimp masses. The number of hatched juveniles from large females was higher than that from small ones, but no influence of paternal mass was detected on this variable. Both the mass of newly hatched juveniles and their growth increment during a 60-day period were similar for all parental masses. Shrimps reached sexual maturity at the end of the growth period in all treatments, and their biochemical reserves (glycogen, lipid, and protein concentrations) were not associated with maternal and paternal masses. However, lipid concentration was higher in female offspring than in male offspring. The present results show that, unlike maternal mass, paternal mass had no effect on female reproductive output and offspring quality, suggesting that the contribution of males to offspring development was adequate regardless of male size.

The annual rate of ornamental aquatic crustacean importation is increasing globally. The continuous high demand for live ornamental aquatic crustaceans in many countries has also increased the frequency of imported exotic pathogens, which has caused many problems. In the present study, we examined the monthly distribution of viral and bacterial pathogen genes in ornamental aquatic crustaceans imported into South Korea during a 6-month period from February to July 2016. Among the bacterial pathogens identified, Vibrio alginolyticus was detected in cleaner shrimp in June, and Photobacterium damselae was detected in cleaner shrimp in July. Vibrio penaeicida was detected in peppermint shrimp, banded coral shrimp, hinge-beak shrimp, and orange swamp crayfish between February and June. Among the viral pathogens identified, spawner mortality virus was detected in cherry shrimp in May. Finally, hepatopancreatic parvovirus was detected in both cherry shrimp and orange swamp crayfish between February and March. Notably, the genes of two viral pathogens were also detected in cherry shrimp. Although the viruses were not isolated, they are very likely to have been introduced into South Korea and have an influence on Korean aquaculture. In South Korea, HPV is already prevalent and has been reported several times in aquaculture and in the wild; however, SMV infection has not been reported to date. These results demonstrate that many bacterial and viral pathogens are regularly introduced into South Korea via the ornamental aquatic-crustacean trade.

This study was conducted to evaluate dietary inclusion effects of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (SP) meal on the growth, survival, biochemical composition, and particularly reproductive performance during eight successive spawning events in the caridean red cherry shrimp, Neocaridina davidi, for 11 months. Juveniles were fed with six diets containing 0 (control), 1, 3, 5, 8, and 10% of SP levels. Most growth indicators in terms of final weight, specific growth rate, and average daily growth rate were significantly higher in the shrimp fed with SP10. The highest survival of females (75–81%) was recorded in shrimp fed SP8–10, being different from the other groups (25–73%). No changes were observed in lipid and moisture contents, and protein content showed an increasing trend with dietary Spirulina levels up to 10%. Absolute fecundity (eggs per female) was significantly affected in order of the highest to lowest viz. 45, 39, 30, 28, 27, and 24 with different incorporations. The relative fecundity (eggs per female’s body weight) of shrimp fed SP8–10 showed differences with the other groups. Except for the control, all Spirulina-fed females of SP1–5 showed hatching percentages of 78–84% compared with those of 91–94% for SP8–10. Relative fecundity in females fed SP8–10 showed differences from the fourth to the sixth spawning events compared with the other groups; this trend decreased non-significantly until the eighth spawning. The results obtained suggest that dietary inclusion of S. platensis meal at a level of 8–10% can improve the growth, survival and, in particular, reproductive performance of red cherry shrimp in commercial aquaria during maturity only up to the sixth spawning event.

Meiofauna serves as a link between microbial production and higher trophic levels, such as macroinvertebrates and juvenile fish. However, the role of meiofauna in the freshwater food web has not been accurately evaluated, and the influence of shrimp predation on freshwater meiofaunal assemblages is unknown. In this study, the predation effects of Neocaridina davidi, an ornamental freshwater shrimp native to inland water bodies in Asia, on meiofaunal density, biomass, structure, and secondary production were examined using model ecosystems (microcosms) that were sampled repeatedly over 42 days. Shrimp predation altered the structure of the meiofaunal community over the course of the experiment, in particular the density, biomass, and secondary production of nematodes, microcrustaceans, and oligochaetes. An analysis of the stomach contents of N. davidi indicated a high degree of omnivory and the frequent consumption of meiofaunal organisms. The results indicated that predation by the freshwater shrimp N. davidi depresses the overall abundance, biomass, and secondary production of meiofaunal assemblages. Moreover, they also provide insights into food-web ecology and the first evidence of freshwater shrimp predation on meiofaunal assemblages. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

The ‘Red Cherry shrimp’, Neocaridina davidi is a small freshwater caridean shrimp living, originally, in various kinds of inland water bodies around Asian countries. This shrimp has reached several countries for ornamental use; however, basic information on the biology of the species is still scarce in the literature. Its early post embryonic development morphology has not yet been described. This paper focused on the production and the development of early post-hatching stages of N. davidi, its male secondary sexual features, observation of the gonads and the presence of females with embryos. The larval development of N. davidi was almost suppressed as noted by the presence of relatively large-sized eggs, first stage hatching as a decapodid; and the tail fans were present only from the 2nd post-hatching stage. A biological important consequence of the presence of this Red Cherry shrimp species in the Neotropics is its potential release into nature, which could cause its rapid dispersion affecting populations of other indigenous caridean freshwater shrimps. Fil: Pantaleão, João A F.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Gregati, Rafael A.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil. Universidade Estadual do Centro‐Oeste; Brasil Fil: da Costa, Rogério C.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Lopez, Laura Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina Fil: Negreiros Fransozo, María Lucía. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil

This study evaluated the starvation resistance of the shrimp Neocaridina davidi during the first and the third juvenile stages (named here as JI and JIII) by means of the estimation of point-of-no-return (PNR50). Two experiments were conducted with increasing numbers of days without food and two controls (one with continuous feeding, CF; the other, with continuous starvation, CS). Time to the first molt and number of molts did not differ among the treatments beginning at JI or JIII. Nevertheless, longer periods of starvation influenced growth and survival of juveniles beginning the starvation as JI, but these effects were not observed in JIII. The estimated values of PNR50 for JI and JIII were 16.15 ± 0.31 and 9.44 ± 0.26 days, respectively. The early stages of the life cycle are more tolerant to starvation than other decapods previously studied. Such ability indicates a great potential of this species for aquaculture. Fil: Pantaleão, João Alberto Farinelli. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Barros Alves, Samara de P.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Tropea, Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina Fil: Alves, Douglas F. R.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Negreiros Fransozo, María Lucía. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Lopez, Laura Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina

The effect of water temperature on biochemical composition, growth and reproduction of the ornamental shrimp, Neocaridina heteropoda heteropoda, was investigated to determine the optimum temperature for its culture. The effect of embryo incubation temperature on the subsequent performance of juveniles was also evaluated. Ovigerous females and recently hatched juveniles (JI) were maintained during egg incubation and for a 90-day period, respectively, at three temperatures (24, 28 and 32°C). Incubation period increased with decreasing water temperature, but the number and size of JI were similar among treatments. At day 30 of the 90-day period, body weight and growth increment (GI) at 24°C were lower than those at 28 and 32°C. On subsequent days, GI at 24°C exceeded that at 28 and 32°C, leading to a similar body weight among treatments. These results suggest growth was delayed at 24°C, but only for 30 days after hatching. The lipid concentration tended to be lowest, intermediate and highest at 28, 32 and 24°C, respectively, possibly as a consequence of the metabolic processes involved in growth and ovarian maturation. Protein and glycogen concentrations were similar among treatments. Both the growth trajectory and biochemical composition of shrimps were affected by the temperature experienced during the 90-day growth period independently of the embryo incubation temperature. During the growth period, shrimps reached sexual maturity and mated, with the highest proportion of ovigerous females occurring at 28°C. All the females that matured and mated at 32°C lost their eggs, indicating a potentially stressful effect of high temperature on ovarian maturation. Based on high survival and good growth performance of shrimps at the three temperatures tested over the 90-day period it is concluded that N. heteropoda heteropoda is tolerant to a wide range of water temperatures, with 28°C being the optimum temperature for its culture. Fil: Tropea, Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina Fil: Stumpf, Liane. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina Fil: Lopez, Laura Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina

The red cherry shrimp RCS Neocaridina davidi is a tiny shrimp that has a bright red color; therefore, it has become a popular ornamental species. The aims of this study are to determine the fecundity, egg size, and maturation time of the RCS at different sizes and also to determine its ovarian maturity criteria. A total of 18 adult female shrimps in 3 different size groups based on carapace length were used. They were grouped as small S: 1.5-1.7 cm , medium M: 1.8-2.0 cm , and large L: 2.1-2.3 cm ; a total of 36 adult male shrimps 1.5 ± 0.2 cm were used in the research. The parameters observed in this study were fecundity, size of the egg diameter , and gonadal maturity of the female. The L-size group of the RCS obtained the highest fecundity, the highest uniformity of egg size, and the fastest maturation period, so it can be concluded that the best reproductive performance was observed in the L-size group of RCS. We also determined 4 ovarian maturity criteria of the RCS so that they can be used for production efficiency, in further research, and for its culture.