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This research communicates the thermal assessment of Sutterby nanofluid containing the gyrotactic microorganisms with solutal and Marangoni boundaries. The applications of melting phenomenon and thermal conductivity are also considered. The flow is confined by a stretched cylinder. The prospective of Brownian motion and thermophoresis diffusions are also taken account via Buongiorno nanofluid model. The problem is formulated with help of governing relations and equations which are altered into dimensionless form via appropriate variables. The numerical scheme based on shooting scheme is employed to access the solution. A comparative analysis is performed to verify the approximated solution. The observations reveal that the velocity profile enhanced with the Marangoni number while a declining velocity profile has been observed with Sutterby nanofluid parameter and Darcy resistance parameter. The nanofluid temperature get rise with thermal conductivity parameter and thermal Biot number. An arising profile of nanofluid concentration is observed for concentration conductivity parameter and buoyancy ratio parameter.

The ultra-high significances of thermal radiation, magnetic field and activation energy in thermal enhancement processes allow significant applications in chemical and mechanical engineering, modern technology and various thermal engineering eras. The improvement in energy resources and production became one of the major challenges for researchers and scientists for sustained development in industrial growths. Beside this, the bioconvection assessment in nanomaterials conveys prestigious applications in biotechnology like bio-sensors, enzymes, petroleum industry, bio-fuels and many more. In view of such renewable applications, present exploration discloses unsteady two-dimensional flow of third-grade nanomaterial accommodating gyrotactic microorganisms induced by unsteady stretched Riga sheet in porous medium. The formulated flow problem is further scrutinized by utilizing the chemical reaction, activation energy, thermal radiation and magnetic aspects. The convective Nield constraints are further subjected in the current investigation. Apposite transformations are used to condense the nonlinear developed problem into dimensionless ordinary form. The numerical solution of such similar flow problem is presented via shooting technique. The detailed graphical illustrations of the dimensionless temperature, nanoparticles concentration, velocity and motile microorganisms for physical significance of diverse relevant parameters are deliberated. Furthermore, numerical data of local Sherwood, Nusselt and motile density numbers is designated in tabular form. Study accentuated that velocity increases for higher modified Hartmann and material constants, while the effects of buoyancy ratio and bioconvected Rayleigh numbers are rather opposite. The temperature, microorganism and concentration distributions were enhanced for unsteady parameter. It is also acknowledged that the concentration distribution is enhanced for activating the energy number. Moreover, the microorganism distribution enhances for concentration difference and magneto-porous constants, while bioconvected Lewis and Peclet numbers show conflicting trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to the magnified thermal performances of nanoparticles and essential applications in various industrial and engineering processes like heat exchangers, cooling systems, boilers, MEMS, chemical engineering, laser diode arrays and cool automobile engines, variety of research is presented in this topic. On this end, current investigation deals with the unsteady flow of Williamson nanofluid containing the gyrotactic microorganisms over a rotating cylinder. The additional features like activation energy, chemical reaction and variable thermal conductivity are also composed in the current flow problem. The whole flow model is subjected to the second order slip from which results two slip parameters that effectively control the associated boundary layers. The formulated problem is based on the utilization of governing equations which are converted into dimensionless form with help of appropriate transformation. The self similar solution of constituted equations is followed by using shooting technique. The obtained results are confirmed by comparing already reported investigations with convincible agreement. The graphical analysis for involved parameters is comprehensively presented for both circular cylinder and flat plat as a liming case. The physical aspects of each flow parameter are discussed. The numerical illustration for local Nusselt number, local Sherwood number and motile density number are also presented in tabular form. The results show that temperature ratio parameter and slip constant increase the nanofluid temperature which is more prominent in case of circular cylinder. The concentration and microorganism distributions enhances with unsteady parameter. Moreover, a declining microorganism distribution is observed with mixed convection parameter, Peclet number and bioconvection Lewis number.

The thermal mechanism of nanofluids due to advanced features is the most interesting research area owing to the applications in heat transmit devices, cooling procedure, energy production, etc. The nanofluids with motile microorganisms signify their importance in bio-medical engineering and biotechnology. This research communicates the accessed dynamic feature of Reiner–Philippoff nanofluid with applications of the bioconvection phenomenon. The magnetic force impact and activation energy features are also intended to perform the radiative analysis of Reiner–Philippoff nanomaterial. The slip features higher-order relations are incorporated to analyze the flow. The modifications in the energy equation are suggested by using thermal radiation with nonlinear relationship. The flow equations, which in turn to non-dimensionless form, are numerically tackled with a shooting scheme. A comprehensive thermal analysis for the endorsed parameters is presented. The numerical data is achieved to examine the fluctuation in heat, mass, and motile density function. The simulated results show that the velocity profile improves with Philippoff fluid parameter while a declining change is noticed for the slip parameter. With increase of Philippoff fluid parameter, both temperature and concentration profile declined. The consideration of higher order slip is more effective for increasing the temperature, concentration and microorganisms’ profiles.

The research communicates the melting applications of viscoelastic nanoparticles with microorganisms due to wedge-shaped configuration. The important features of activation energy, thermophoresis diffusion characteristics and Brownian motion are also highlighted. The analysis is performed in view of Melting process. The flow process is represented mathematically using partial differential equations. For the optimization technique using MATLAB computer-based tools, the Labotto IIIa formulation has utilized. In the velocity equation, the temperature profile, concentration profile and microorganisms' profile, the reporting of the main parameters are fully defined and discussed through figures. The speed can be enhanced by means of a mixed convection appearance is determined. Furthermore, nanoparticles are decreasing in temperature and concentration profiles and the high number of Peclet decreases the profile of microorganisms. This article's research includes a wide range of applications in nanotechnology, electrical and biomedical, biotechnology, medication delivery, chemotherapy, food processing, and other sectors. The claimed results reflect that increasing change in velocity is associated to the higher values of second grade fluid parameter and Marangoni ratio constant. The increase in wedge constant enhanced the velocity. Moreover, the concentration profile and microorganism field reduces with increasing Marangoni ratio constant.

This research communicates the thermal assessment of Sutterby nanofluid containing the gyrotactic microorganisms with solutal and Marangoni boundaries. The applications of melting phenomenon and thermal conductivity are also considered. The flow is confined by a stretched cylinder. The prospective of Brownian motion and thermophoresis diffusions are also taken account via Buongiorno nanofluid model. The problem is formulated with help of governing relations and equations which are altered into dimensionless form via appropriate variables. The numerical scheme based on shooting scheme is employed to access the solution. A comparative analysis is performed to verify the approximated solution. The observations reveal that the velocity profile enhanced with the Marangoni number while a declining velocity profile has been observed with Sutterby nanofluid parameter and Darcy resistance parameter. The nanofluid temperature get rise with thermal conductivity parameter and thermal Biot number. An arising profile of nanofluid concentration is observed for concentration conductivity parameter and buoyancy ratio parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to the magnified thermal performances of nanoparticles and essential applications in various industrial and engineering processes like heat exchangers, cooling systems, boilers, MEMS, chemical engineering, laser diode arrays and cool automobile engines, variety of research is presented in this topic. On this end, current investigation deals with the unsteady flow of Williamson nanofluid containing the gyrotactic microorganisms over a rotating cylinder. The additional features like activation energy, chemical reaction and variable thermal conductivity are also composed in the current flow problem. The whole flow model is subjected to the second order slip from which results two slip parameters that effectively control the associated boundary layers. The formulated problem is based on the utilization of governing equations which are converted into dimensionless form with help of appropriate transformation. The self similar solution of constituted equations is followed by using shooting technique. The obtained results are confirmed by comparing already reported investigations with convincible agreement. The graphical analysis for involved parameters is comprehensively presented for both circular cylinder and flat plat as a liming case. The physical aspects of each flow parameter are discussed. The numerical illustration for local Nusselt number, local Sherwood number and motile density number are also presented in tabular form. The results show that temperature ratio parameter and slip constant increase the nanofluid temperature which is more prominent in case of circular cylinder. The concentration and microorganism distributions enhances with unsteady parameter. Moreover, a declining microorganism distribution is observed with mixed convection parameter, Peclet number and bioconvection Lewis number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]