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Sexual orientation is extensively studied topic nevertheless its etiology remains unclear. Several theories have been proposed to explain it. One of them is Neurohormonal theory of homosexuality. According to this theory, sexual orientation is affected by prenatal levels of androgen hormones. This thesis includes selected studies of experimental manipulations with prenatal levels of hormones in model mammalian species to explain effects of these hormones. Main part of the thesis focuses on the effect of prenatal androgens in humans using somatic biomarkers, for example 2D:4D digit ratio. Studies concerning sex, age and ethnic differences are described in detail. Great attention is dedicated to studies of sexual orientation. In women it seems that sexual orientation could be influenced by prenatal hormones, in men this theory isn't supported. This thesis summarizes and critically evaluates available literature concerning the effects of prenatal hormones on human sexual orientation.

The thesis deals with the process of surrogacy in a homosexual couple and colnsultation when two homosexuals have a child. The text is structured into four chapters. The first chapter describes parenthood and what possibilities a homosexual couple has in this area, the second chapter professionally presents assisted reproduction, the third chapter deals in detail with the whole process of surrogacy in a homosexual couple. The last chapter is dedicated with colnsultation at a homosexual couple with children, and other problems that a couple may encounter.

This bachelor's thesis deals with the problematics of a coming out in the life of a homosexual. It contains definitions of homosexuality, related concepts and describes possible causes of homosexuality's origin. The thesis maps how was homosexuality perceived in the context of history and continues with the insight of how it is perceived in Czech Republic nowadays. It also contains the definition of coming out, its different types and presents specific problems of a coming out in different phases of life. Furthermore it deals with possible crisis situations that can arise based on a problematic outer coming out and maps the social work's tools that can help with tackling those situations.

My thesis will be divided into two parts theoretical and practical. The author will base the theoretical part upon analysis of reference books (also comprising foreign literature and journals). The subject matter of the work will be a look at the issue of homosexuality in a wide psychological context. The practical part of the thesis will be a presentation of a qualitative research, which will focus on: the realization of oneself's homosexuality; homosexuality as a part of human identity; the issue of self-acceptance in the context of a person's homosexual orientation; the influence of one's social group (closest family, friends, other homosexuals) in both the positive and negative way; the influence of homosexuality on social life itself (personal, professional) and the change of it throughout different ages and times; the question of partnership; possibly more. The method of data collecting will be in-depth interviews and the presumed number of respondents will be around six persons, acquired by the "snow ball" method. The possibility of in-depth interviews with the original respondents' parents or siblings is left open. Afterwards, the interviews will be processed with the "open coding" method and subsequently cathegorized. Finally, the method of "card sorting" is going to be used.

This bachelor thesis's occupation analyses matters of young homosexual people. The aim of this work is to describe experineces and opinions which relate to their different sexual orientation. The first part of the thesis is the base for the next practical part. It defines kinds of sexual orientation, possible causes of homosexuality and it furthermore outlines the issues of coming out, homophobia and registrated partnership. The practical part is represented by qualitative research. The researched group consists of three gays and four lesbians aged from 19 to 26. The method of data collecting were depth focusing semi-structured interviews. The data were divided in categories which are interpreted in the second part.

This bachelor thesis deals with the inter-age perception of homosexuality in Vrchlabí and its nearest neighbourhood. The thesis focuses on three main age categories: young adults (18-30), middle age (31-64) and seniors (65+).The theoretical part is divided into five main chapters. In the opening chapter the concept of homosexuality and other related terms is defined. The next part deals with the coming out, clarifies its process and specifies its particular phases. The following chapter offers a short view of the history of homosexuality and its transformations during the time since the middle age, across the medieval prosecution, till the 1990?s ? time of decriminalisation of homosexuality and the beginnings of public enlightenment for the homosexual minority. The chapter Nr. 4 helps to understand homosexuality in a biblical context and deals with theological stance towards homosexual minority and last but not least with the stance of the Church. The last part concentrates on homosexuality within the purview of the legislation of the Czech Republic and offers a short look at the process of decriminalisation, question of discrimination, civil partnership and the possibility of adopting children by homosexual couples. In the empiric part are evaluated the results of the survey, that investigated the level of awareness of homosexuals and the level of tolerance towards the homosexual minority. The method of the quantitative research was the questioning. The anonymous questionnaire was distributed to 150 respondents, returned were 84,6 % (127). The respondents were selected and questioned in local restaurant, manufacture, grammar school and retirement home. The reason for this selection was trying to find the widest possible spectrum of respondents from many points of view (identification). The aim of this thesis was to find out, how the younger generation perceives homosexuality compared to the perception of the older generations and seniors in Vrchlabí. The partial aim was to investigate, how well is the society informed about this problem, where the people get their information about this topic and whether they are well or ill-disposed to the other emerging questions about homosexuality. The issue of knowledge showed a strong influence of the media. However the school environment can be defined as not stimulating in the question of dealing with homosexuality. In connection with the aim of this thesis was proved the veracity of the hypothesis H1 which assumed that the younger generation is more tolerant to homosexuality than the older generation and seniors. Younger respondents have shown higher level of tolerance than seniors. The hypothesis H2 which presumed that seniors perceive homosexuality as a disease or deviation was confirmed just partially. The study states that homosexuality is mostly considered as a mental disorder by seniors, yet it is only 16 % of the questioned seniors. Because of this fact the hypothesis H2 cannot be with certainty confirmed.

The work deals with the phenomenon of homosexuality from the perspective of the Roman Catholic Church and organizations in the Czech Republic, represented by the SOHO / Gay Initiative and South Bohemian Lambda, which are espoused to the rights of gay and lesbian people. The first part describes the basic concepts that define homosexuality. It deals with historical perceptions of homosexuality in the line of historical period of humanity, to present a comprehensive empirical evidence. The second part describes the ideological background and practical approaches of the Roman Catholic Church. It deals with the interpretation of the Scripture's texts, and knowledge of Magisterium of the Church's documents in relation to homosexuality. The theme of the third part is the recognition of organizations in the Czech Republic SOHO / Gay Initiative and South Bohemian Lambda. Describe the ideological foundations and practical approaches to gay and lesbian individuals in Czech society. The final chapter compares, based on current empirical knowledge, the homosexual orientation and the ideological resource of selected organizations also reflects the tension in the way of experiencing the gay and lesbian individuals in the Czech society.