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The development and progression of sepsis are multifactorial and influence the immunological, endocrine, and cardiovascular systems of the body. Our knowledge of the key mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis has expanded exponentially, yet this still needs to be translated into effective targeted therapeutic regimes. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether resveratrol has positive effects in the experimental sepsis rat model. Twenty-eight male Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7) as follows: control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (30 mg/kg dose), resveratrol, and LPS and resveratrol. After the experiment, liver and kidney tissues were collected for histopathological evaluation, blood serums were collected to measure malondialdehyde levels with enyzme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) immunoreactivity density was evaluated immunohistochemically. In addition, messenger RNA expression levels for TLR4, TNF-α, NF-κB, interleukin-1β, and interleukin 6 were measured. In addition, the damage observed in liver and kidney tissue was determined by AgNOR (argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions) staining. LPS application caused severe tissue damage, oxidative stress, and increased the expressions of proinflammatory proteins and genes we evaluated, while resveratrol application eliminated these negativities. Resveratrol has been proven to suppress the TLR4/NF-κB/TNF-α pathway, a possible therapeutic signaling pathway that is important in initiating the inflammatory response in an animal model of sepsis., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

In this study, the protective effect of melatonin was investigated in lipopolysaccharide induced sepsis model. Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided: Control, Melatonin, LPS and LPS + Melatonin. After LPS application, surgically remove kidney and liver tissues. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) an oxidative stress marker and the immunoreactivity of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and transcription factor NF-κB were evaluated immunohistochemically. Expression levels for TLR4, TNF-α, NF-kB, IL-1β (interleukin 1 beta), and IL-6 (interleukin 6) were evaluated. Additionally, Argyrophilic NOR staining was performed in tissues. Vacuolization and inflammation were more intense in the kidney and liver sections in the LPS group compared to the other groups. It was observed that vacuolization and inflammation were decreased in LPS + Melatonin applied groups. It was determined that glomerular damage was increased in the LPS and LPS-melatonin groups, but the damage rate LPS-Melatonin group was decrease in the LPS group. It was determined that the MDA level in tissues of the LPS group was importantly increased compared to other groups. Additionally, TAA/NA ratio statistically significant differences were discovered between the groups. This study supports the potential protective effects of 10 mg/kg melatonin by modulating critical markers of local immune reaction in a model of LPS-induced sepsis., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Introduction. Blood culture (BC) remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of bloodstream infection. Clinical microbiology laboratories must ensure the quality of their BC process from receipt to definitive results. Aim. In this study, we followed the evolution of different quality indicators for BCs over the first year of implementation of the BacT/Alert Virtuo system in a French hospital. Methodology. In our laboratory, we instituted regular monitoring of several quality indicators to track (i) delays in sample registration, (ii) delays in loading BC bottles in our incubating system (BacT/Alert Virtuo) after registration, (iii) the volume of blood in bottles and (iv) the contamination rates. Results. For 53 892 BC bottles loaded in the BacT/Alert Virtuo from 23 January to 31 December 2019, the delays in sample registration, loading and unloading were respectively 3.5 h±0.016, 44 min±0.209 and 5.8 h±0.0727. Intriguingly, the automated process performed by the BacT/Alert Virtuo system to check the blood volume in bottles was only performed for 60 % of the loaded bottles. Among these, 30 % contained the recommended volume of blood (between 7 and 13 ml). Finally, the contamination rate was found to be 27.2 % for samples at our institution. Conclusions. The delays in sample registration, loading and unloading were found to be acceptable, even though they could be improved by ensuring a continuous service during the night duty period. Furthermore, the percentage of volumes measured is insufficient and must be improved and the majority of bottles do not contain the recommended blood volume.