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L’arachide est cultivée par plus de 100 pays dans le monde. Les principaux producteurs sont la Chine et l’Inde qui fournissent plus de 60 % de la production mondiale. L’Afrique assure 25 % de la production avec le Nigéria, le Sénégal et le Soudan principalement. Au Sénégal, dans les années 1960, la culture de l’arachide s’était développée comme culture de rente (production d’huile et de tourteau) destinée à l’exportation avec une ouverture croissante sur le marché mondial. Cette culture fut le moteur du développement de l’économie sénégalaise et a assuré jusqu’à 80 % des exportations et fourni la majeure partie des revenus monétaires en milieu rural. Mais à partir de 1970 et notamment depuis les années 1990, on a assisté à une véritable crise de la filière arachidière et les différentes politiques agricoles n’ont pas toujours permis la relance de la filière. Ce travail est une synthèse des informations recueillies sur l’arachide au Sénégal. Il revient sur l’importance de la culture, fait un état des lieux sur la production et la commercialisation, ressort les différentes contraintes de la production et propose des pistes pour la relance de la filière.

The bryophyte flora of the Sahelian region of sub-Saharan Africa is characterized by a low species richness, but is also extremely poorly documented. We present here the results of a floristic survey in Kedougou (eastern Senegal), which yielded 22 species. Two liverworts and 15 moss species are new to the country, so that the bryophyte flora of Senegal now includes a total of 4 liverwort and 34 moss species. An identification key is provided for Fissidens, which, with eight species, is the richest moss genus of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is increasing attention towards understanding the modifying factors influencing the relationship between meteorological information utilization and adopting climate-smart agricultural practices. Much as several studies have established that meteorological information is vital for adopting climate-smart agricultural practices, not much research has been conducted to contextualize the influence of modifying factors in that relationship. The study is derived from a sample of 341 households. Adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices and modifying effects were understood through a series of univariate, bivariant, and linear regression analyses. Findings from the study indicate that the climate-smart agriculture practices adopted most are; intercropping (71.8%), cover cropping (71%), and crop rotation (69.5%), while the least adopted are mulching (2.3%) and minimum tillage (4.1%). The relationship between meteorological information utilization and adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices is influenced by peers' or community influence, indigenous knowledge or cultural beliefs, and trust. Trust in weather forecasts scored highest in the relationship between meteorological information utilization and adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices (x2=0.01, P = 0.002**). After accounting for the mediating role of trust, meteorological information utilization positively impacted the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices (B = 0.376, t = 2.045, p < 0.05). The Sobel test results indicate that the mediation effect was also significant (Z = 6.45369270, p < 0.000001). Therefore, trust in meteorological information partially accounts for the relationship between meteorological information utilization and adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices. It can be recommended that there is a need for integration of indigenous knowledge in the scientific meteorological information and provision of finer grain forecasts that can be trusted by the end-users in a timely fashion. This will promote meteorological information utilization in the climate-smart agricultural practices adoption decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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