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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features and neurodevelopmental outcomes of white matter injury (WMI) using magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in term neonates, associated with rotavirus infection. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 40 neonates with WMI admitted between January 2010 and December 2015. Eighteen patients (group I) had symmetrical periventricular WMI without cerebral cortical lesions on DWI. The other 22 patients (group II) had cortical lesions as well as WMI and were diagnosed with neonatal encephalopathy by specific causes. Results: Sixteen patients (88.9%) in group I tested positive for stool rotavirus antigen, whereas only 1 of 22 patients (4.5%) in group II tested positive. All patients in group I and eighteen patients (81.8%) in group II had seizures. Average seizure onset occurred at 4.7±1.0 days and 2.6±3.7 days in group I and II, respectively. Hypocalcemia was identified in 7 out of 18 patients in group I, but none in group II. Ten out of 12 patients (83.3%) in group I had normal developmental outcomes, but only 9 out of 16 patients (56.2%) in group II showed normal development between 6 and 26 months of age. Conclusion: Term neonates with WMI without cortical lesions on DWI had a high positive rate of rotavirus infection, but showed generally good neurodevelopmental outcomes. In this study, hypocalcemia was identified in some patients with WMI associated with rotavirus infection, but the pathomechanism for this was unclear. Therefore, further research will be necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features of neonatal seizures and to identify prognostic factors of neurodevelopmental outcome in term infants who experienced clinical seizures. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 153full term and preterm infants with seizures from January 2008 to December 2013. Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to assess risk factors associated with neurological adverse outcomes using variables that were found to be significant on univariate analysis. Results: During the study period, 102 (66.7%) term and 51 (33.3%) preterminfants were enrolled. The main cause of neonatal seizures was hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (24.5%) in term infants and intracranial hemorrhage (74.5%) in preterm infants. The most common type of seizure was focal clonic seizure. Generalized tonic seizure was more commonly observed in preterm than in term infants. 39 out of 56 term infants with at least 12 months of neurologic followup showed normal outcomes while only one preterm infant showed normal development. Prognostic factors related to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in term infants were perinatal history of fetal distress, etiology of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, severity of EEG(Electroencephalogram) abnormality, evidence of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy on brain magnetic resonance imaging, and the need for multiple antiepileptic drugs for seizure control. Conclusion: Preterm infants showed poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes compared to term infants. The etiology of seizures, treatment response, neuroimaging and electroencephalographic findings were important in predicting the developmental outcome in term infants with seizures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]