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Fungi of the genus Trichoderma spp have been related to the production of hormones or correlated with growth factors, promoting greater efficiency in the use of some nutrients, thus allowing greater availability and absorption by plants. In this context, the objective of this study was to determine the dose of organomineral fertilizer from cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) residues and the efficiency of Trichoderma harzianum on the initial growth and morphophysiological quality of Mezilaurus itauba seedlings in the northern Amazon. Dose of 50% of the organomineral fertilizer from cupuaçu residues (ORFCup) with Trichoderma harzianum promotes better quality and robustness in Mezilaurus itauba seedlings. The presence of Trichoderma harzianum + 50% ORFCup promotes positive gains in the root biomass of Mezilaurus itauba seedlings. The presence of Trichoderma harzianum promotes an increase in chlorophylls a and b contents in Mezilaurus itauba seedlings. For the production of Mezilaurus itauba seedlings, it is recommended to use Trichoderma harzianum + 50% ORFCup, as it promoted increments in all physiological and morphological indices under the conditions of the present study.

The present study was conducted to determine the efficiency of organomineral fertilizer from cupuaçu residues (ORFCup) and dose of maximum technical efficiency of Azospirillum brasilense on the initial growth and morphophysiological quality of Mezilaurus itauba seedlings in the northern Amazon. The variables evaluated were: shoot height (H, cm), stem diameter (SD, mm), shoot dry mass (SDM, g plant-1), root dry mass (RDM, g plant-1) total dry mass (TDM, g plant-1), Dickson quality index (DQI), net assimilation rate (NAR, g m-2 day-1), leaf relative growth rate (RGR, g m-2 day-1), leaf area ratio (LAR, m2 g-1), leaf relative growth rate (RGR, g m-2 day-1), leaf area ratio (LAR, m2 g-1), specific leaf area (SLA, cm2 g-1), and leaf mass ratio (LMR, g g-1). Organomineral fertilizer from cupuaçu residues promotes better quality and robustness in M. itauba seedlings at the dose of maximum technical efficiency of 0.45 mL. L-1 of A. brasilense.

Background: This study aimed to verify the influence of different substrates with and without addition of nutrient solution on the roostocks production of Capdeboscq cultivar and grafted peach plants of 'Chimarrita' scion., Methods: In the first experiment, the height and stem diameter of the rootstocks were evaluated every two weeks, up to 90 days after transplanting (DAT). At 90 DAT, dry weight of shoots and roots, total dry mass and Dickson Quality Index were evaluated. In the second experiment, seedlings of 'Capdeboscq' were grafted with 'Chimarrita' scion. The growth of the scions and the percentage of living grafts were evaluated. At 146 DAT, the stem diameter of the scions, the SPAD index, the chlorophyll and nitrogen balance index were evaluated., Discussion: The greatest mean values for the stem diameter of seedlings of the cv. Capdeboscq were obtained with the substrates T4 (5.53 mm); T2 (5.47 mm) and T1 (5.23 mm) with addition of nutrient solution, with seedlings reaching the plant standards according to the ordinance number 173 of May 27th of 1984, which recommends that rootstocks have to have a minimum stem diameter of 5.0 mm. Thus, the substrates which received the addition of nutrient solution, except the soil substrate, were adequate considering the rules that governing the peach tree production in Brazilian Nurserioes., Conclusion: The nutrient solution already avaliblabe for Recent patents is highly indicated to obtain seedlings of 'Capbdboscq' rootstocks with high mophophysiological quality in less time during nursery cycle of plant production. The largest stem diameter for 'Capdeboscq' was obtained with substrate 35% sand + 15% soil + 50% bovine manure (5.53 mm); 75% sand + 25% soil (5.47 mm) and 100% sand (5.23 mm) with addition of nutrient solution. The best morphophysiological characteristics of 'Chimarrita' plants grafted on 'Capdeboscq' seedlings was obtained with the use of substrates 75% sand + 25% soil and 35% sand + 15% soil + 50% bovine manure, whose plants reached a morphological standard for sale, in just four and a half months DAT, that is 56 days after grafting., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.)

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of using the computerized imaging Seed Analysis System (SAS) in the biometric and morphophysiological characterization of seeds and the initial growth of seedlings from peach rootstocks., Methods: The experimental design was completely randomized with five replicates of 20 seeds. The variables analyzed were the seed humidity content, length and width of seeds measured by SAS technology and manual measurements, mean germination time, germination percentage, radicle length and width, taproot length, length of the aerial part and taproot/aerial part ratio., Results: The highest seed length, germination percentage (100%) and lower germination time (11.3), were obtained with the cv. Capdeboscq while, 'Tsukuba 1', 2' and 3' had intermediate seedlings length, varying from 1.55 to 1.65 cm with mean germination times between 14.5 and 18.0 days and average germination percentage of 96%. The computerized analysis of images is fast and efficient for biometric evaluations such as seed width and length, as well as initial growth of peach tree seedlings. The cvs Capdeboscq, Flordaguard and Tsukuba 2 presented greater radicle width, length and a mean taproot/aerial part ratio equal to 2, as well as higher number of adventitious roots, which indicated a strong positive correlation between radicle length, taproot length and initial seedling growth., Conclusion: The continuity of the research will certainly allow the development of reliable procedures for other species, besides allowing the identification of wider alternatives for the use of this system for the expansion of knowledge in the areas of physiology and evaluation of the physiological potential of seeds., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.)