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A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated 157 T , was isolated from seawater collected from the Philippine Sea. Cells of strain 157 T grew in medium containing 0.5-10.0 % NaCl (w/v, optimum 3 %), at pH 6.0-8.5 (optimum 7.0) and at 15-40 °C (optimum 30 °C). Tweens 20, 40 and 80 as well as urea were hydrolysed. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain 157 T had a high sequence similarity with respect to Pseudooceanicola marinus AZO-C T (97.2 %), and exhibited less than 97.0 % sequence similarity to other type strains of the species with validly published names. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that strain 157 T fell within a cluster comprising the Pseudooceanicola species and formed a coherent clade with P. marinus AZO-C T and Pseudooceanicola antarcticus Ar-45 T . Strain 157 T exhibited average nucleotide identity values of 74.5 and 74.9 % to P. marinus LMG 23705 T and P. antarcticus Ar-45 T , respectively. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization analysis revealed that strain 157 T shared 20.2 % DNA relatedness with P. marinus LMG 23705 T and 20.6 % with P. antarcticus Ar-45 T , respectively. The sole isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone 10. The major fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c), C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c, C16 : 0 2-OH and C16 : 0. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 64.6 mol%. According to the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, it represents a novel species of the genus Pseudooceanicola, for which the name Pseudooceanicolalipolyticus is proposed. The type strain is 157 T (=KCTC 52654 T =MCCC 1K03317 T ). In addition, the description of the genus Pseudooceanicola is emended and Oceanicola flagellatus is reclassified as Pseudooceanicola flagellatus comb. nov., with the type strain DY470 T (=CGMCC 1.12664 T =LMG 27871 T ) proposed.

A Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, coccoid to rod shaped bacteria with prosthecate and flagellum, designated as HSF6 T , was isolated from deep seawater samples collected from the South China Sea at depth of 2.5 km and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Colonies of strain HSF6 T were 1-2 mm in diameter, smooth, circular, convex and yellow. Strain HSF6 T was found to grow at 15-37 °C (optimum, 25-35 °C), pH 5.0-9.5 (optimum, pH 7.0-7.5) and with 0-8 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2 %). Chemotaxonomic analysis showed the predominant respiratory quinone of strains HSF6 T were ubiquinone-10, and the major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c. The polar lipids were monoglycosyldiglyceride (MGDG), sulfo-quinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG), three unknown glycolipids (GL1-3) and five unknown lipids (L1-5). The DNA G+C content of strain HSF6 T was determined to be 51.0 mol% with HPLC. The comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities show that strain HSF6 T was related most closely to genus Parvularcula with similarity ranging from 91.0 to 91.8 %. The phylogenetic trees, using the 16S rRNA gene sequence, reconstructed with neighbour-joining, maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood methods showed that strain HSF6 T constituted a separated branch in the family 'Parvularculaceae'. Differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain HSF6 T is clearly distinct from validly published genera. On the basis of these features, we propose strain HSF6 T (=MCCC 1K03223 T =KCTC 52486 T ) represents a novel species of a novel genus with the name Hyphococcus flavus gen. nov., sp. nov.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, oval to rod-shaped, prosthecate bacterium, designated strain WM6T, was isolated from a seawater sample collected from the South China Sea at a depth of 150 m and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Cells of strain WM6T were approximately 0.5-0.6 µm in width and 0.8-1.2 µm in length, and colonies were smooth, circular, convex and whitish yellow. Strain WM6T was found to grow at 10-45 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6.5-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.5-8.5) and with 1-6 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1-2 %). Chemotaxonomic analysis showed the predominant respiratory quinone and the major fatty acid of strains WM6T were ubiquinone-10 and C18 : 1ω7c, respectively. The polar lipids of strain WM6T were phosphatidylglycerol, glucuronopyranosyldiglyceride, monoglycosyldiglyceride, sulfo-quinovosyl diacylglycerol, seven unknown glycolipids and two unknown lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain WM6T was determined to be 59.8 mol% by HPLC. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities showed that strain WM6T was related most closely to the genus Maricaulis with a similarity range from 92.3 to 93.8 %. Phylogenetic trees reconstructed with the neighbour-joining and maximum-likelihood methods using mega and maximum-likelihood methods using arb showed that strain WM6T constituted a separated branch in the family Hyphomonadaceae. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain WM6T is clearly distinct from any validly published genus. On the basis of these features, strain WM6T represents a novel species of a new genus with the name Hyphobacterium vulgare gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Hyphobacterium vulgare is WM6T (=MCCC 1K03222T=KCTC 52487T).